在当代作家的文学创作中,暴力描写受到许多作家的青睐,他们借暴力来表达深层的意义,当代著名作家莫言对暴力叙事也有一种特殊的敏感,从《红高粱家族》到《酒国》再到《檀香刑》等作品都有暴力元素的呈现,文章主要立足于《红高粱家族》这部长篇小说,通过对暴力描写的分析,探究其背后丰富而深刻的意义和美学内涵。

In contemporary writers'' works , portrayals of violence become popular. They express deep meaning by describing violence. Mo Yan is a famous contemporary writer who has a special feeling toward violence , and he presents many violence scenes , such as the por-trayals of violence in Red Sorghum Clan , World of Wine , Punishment of Sandalwood . Based on the novel Red Sorghum Clan , this paper analyzes the portrayals of violence and discusses its significant meaning and aesthetics intension .

小说《红高粱家族》与电视剧《红高粱》是两个各自独立的艺术文本。电视剧编导采用以重构式为主、建构式为辅的改编方式，在大体尊重小说原著创作意图的基础上，从叙事手段、人物形象到情节运用、人物语言等诸方面，都进行了艺术重构，电视剧与小说相比产生诸多变异。产生变异的原因可从艺术媒介本质的差异、创作主体的艺术修养特长与兴趣、时代文化影响以及受众心理与爱好等方面考察。

The novel Red Sorghum family and the teleplay Red Sorghum are independent texts. Television playwright-directors adopt adaptation method that gives priority to restructuring and be supplemented by constructing. Based on esteeming original work’s creation intention, they process art reconstruction including recount technique, character image, plot application and figure’s language, etc, which make playwrighting generates many variations compared with novels. Causes of variation can be investigated from the differences of the artistic media’s nature, creative subject’s artistic accomplishment and interest, cultural influence of times, and audiences’psychology and favor etc.

从20世纪90年代开始，伴随着翻译研究的“文化转向”，伦理研究日益成为翻译学研究的重要课题。以葛浩文英译莫言代表作《红高粱家族》、《丰乳肥臀》、《天堂蒜薹之歌》为基础，探讨译者的翻译伦理模式，即译者在忠实于原著的基础上，努力服务于目的语读者，并尽最大努力实现跨文化交流的任务。

With the“cultural turn”in translation studies from the 1990s,translation ethics has been an im-portant issue in translation studies.Upon analysis of Goldblatt’s translation of Red Sorghum,Big Breasts and Wide Hips and The Garlic Ballads,this article discusses the format of translation ethics in the mis-sion of cultural communication,that is,the translator’s loyalty to the original work and the target reader.

《红高粱家族》是莫言先生的代表作品，小说从一位普通人的视角描述了中国一段特殊的历史时期，属于中国独特的文学分支——“抗日”文学，在中国产生了巨大影响。1993年葛浩文的英译本出版并取得成功，更是将该作的影响力扩展到了西方国家，成功奠定了莫言获得西方读者认可的基础。经研究发现，葛译本并非一成不变的翻译原作，而是对其进行了一定程度的改写，并取得了巨大成功。本文将针对译本中的改写现象展开研究。

Red Sorghum, which is one of Mo Yan’s masterpieces, describes a special period of Chinese history from the view of an ordinary people. And it belongs to“anti-Japanese”literature and exerts a great in?fluence on Chinese readers. Howard Goldblatt translated this novel into English in 1993 and made a great suc?cess, which placed a solid foundation for the western readers’acceptance of Mo’s works. It has been re?searched that there are rewritings in Goldblatt’s translation and it may contribute to the success of its transla?tion. That’s what will be discussed in this paper.

本文采用语料库分析方法,对双语文本进行对齐、标注并建库,使用语料库检索软件检索出各类文化负载词,并对其翻译策略进行分析和统计。数据显示,葛浩文对《红高粱家族》中文化负载词的翻译主要采取归化的翻译策略,这一结论既符合中国文学英译的主流模式也符合译者的翻译思想。通过对各类文化负载词的观察,发现译者对于难以寻找对等词的物质文化负载词和容易产生文化冲突的社会文化负载词和宗教文化负载词更倾向于使用归化策略,而为了保留原著的语言特征和异国情调,在语言文化负载词的翻译中大量采用了异化的策略。

In this paper, the method of corpus analysis is adopted in the alignment, annotation and corpus building of bilingual texts, and the corpus retrieval software is used to retrieve various culture-loaded words, and the translation strategies are analyzed and counted. The data shows that Ge Haowen mainly adopts do-mestication in the translation of culture-loaded words in"Red So-rghum", which is consistent with not only the mainstream of the English translation of Chinese literature, but also the translation ideas of translators. Through the observation of various cul-ture-loaded words, it is found that translators are more inclined to use domestication when they are dealing with material cul-ture-loaded words that scarcely have equivalent words, social culture-loaded words that easily cause cultural conflicts, and re-ligious culture-loaded words, while in order to retain the lan-guage features and exotic atmosphere of originals, foreignization is mostly used in the translation of language