基于《地铁工程施工安全评价标准》国家标准编制项目的支持,对地铁工程施工临近地下管线安全管理及评价进行研究,确定地铁施工临近地下管线安全风险管理的工作内容与要求,分析临近地下管线的调查内容、调查步骤及其变形控制标准;将地铁施工诱发临近管线安全风险划分为五个等级,提出不同安全风险等级下地下管线的保护措施;并在此基础上建立地铁工程施工临近管线安全管理体系及评价标准。

Based on the national standard of “Standard for Construction Safety Assessment of Metro Engineering”, this paper studies the safety management and evaluation of adjacent underground pipelines in metro construction, specifies safety risk management work details and requirements regarding existing pipelines near metro construction, analyses investigation contents and procedures, and deformation control standard for the protection of adjacent pipeline. The safety risks of adjacent pipelines induced by metro construction are classified into five levels, and corresponding control measures are proposed for each risk levels. The safety management and evaluation system for adjacent pipelines for metro construction is thus established.

本文对4#隧洞出口临近既有线施工项目的实地进行了研究，总结得出了施工的方案和办法，以及问题相应的措施。

This article studied on the field of the 4# tunnel exit construction project near the existing railway, summarizes the scheme and the construction method, and the correspondi- ng measures of problems.

地铁隧道施工诱发的土体沉降以及临近地下构筑物变形是我国城市轨道交通施工安全控制和风险评估中较为关心的一类施工问题。目前，针对该领域地层沉降的简化理论研究还仅仅针对自由位移场，没有考虑临近既有构筑物的遮拦效应影响。依托上海在建地铁施工工程实践，采用简化理论方法、三维有限元数值模拟方法以及现场监测方法，分析考虑运营隧道遮拦效应影响的土压平衡盾构施工引起的周围土体沉降规律，并与自由位移场条件下盾构施工引起的地层变形进行对比分析；在此基础上，给出地铁盾构复杂叠交穿越引起的临近地铁隧道的变形规律。研究表明，本文提出的简化理论方法和三维有限元数值模拟方法可以较好地模拟遮拦叠交效应下地铁盾构掘进引起的地层沉降变形；临近既有建（构）筑物施工，盾构施工引起的周围土体沉降较大程度地受到遮拦效应影响，与自由位移场条件下的计算结果对比存在较大差别。最后，结合盾构施工监测数据，提出复杂遮拦叠交效应下的盾构叠交施工变形控制技术措施。成果可为合理制定施工场地存在复杂建（构）筑物工况条件的地铁隧道开挖对周围环境保护措施提供一定的理论依据。

Ground settlements and underground structure deformation induced by subway tunneling are hot issues in the underground transportation construction safety control and risk assessments. Previous researches on ground settlements are basically concentrated on the soil free displacements,and the sheltering effects of adjacent existing underground structures are not considered. Based on the Shanghai tunneling case,the ground settlement rules induced by earth pressure balance(EPB) shield considering sheltering effects of tunnels in service are presented by using simplified analytical method,3D finite element(FE) numerical simulation method,and in-situ monitoring method. An in-depth analysis is conducted between ground settlements considering sheltering effects and those considering free soil displacements. In addition,the predicted deformation of subway tunnel induced by EPB shield during complex overlapped traversing process is also presented. It is observed that the simplified analytical me

在基坑开挖过程中确保周边建筑物的变形和沉降在安全范围是基坑支护体系的重要使命。结合一开挖深度约12.6 m深基坑施工过程中的现场监测结果，分析了深基坑开挖导致临近建筑物沉降变形的发展过程，及其与地质条件、基坑开挖施工工序、支护结构水平位移、邻近建筑物的基础型式之间的关系。结果表明，支护桩间水土流失及不当的施工工序是诱发临近浅基础建筑沉降过大的根本原因。强大的支护体系、有效的止水帷幕和正确的施工工序是控制该类深基坑开挖工程对邻近建筑物影响的关键。

During the excavation process of foundation pits, it is an important mission for the supporting system to ensure the deformation and settlement of the surrounding buildings. Based on the field monitoring results of a deep foundation pit with excavation depth of about 12.6 m during construction process, the development process of the induced settlement and deformation of the adjacent buildings is analyzed as well as its relationship with the geological conditions, excavation construction sequence, horizontal displacement of supporting structures and the basic types of neighboring buildings. The results show that the soil loss between supporting piles and improper construction sequence are the basic reason for large settlement of the adjacent buildings with shallow foundations. Powerful supporting system, effective water curtain and correct construction sequence are the key to control the influence of deep excavation on the adjacent buildings.

重庆-贵阳铁路新白沙沱长江大桥主桥及贵阳岸引桥设计线路受既有川黔线及地形、地貌和桥位资源限制，主桥桥头设计先修建临近旧线的1.26km长施工便线，改移运营列车到施工便线上以后，在旧线路上修建新线桥梁、路基及结构物，两线最远距离30m，属两次临近既有线施工，且旧线旁多为较陡、较高的石质路堑，便线修筑需先行大面积爆破削坡，清除石方，便线既有路堑拓宽施工，又有路堤填筑、帮宽施工，特殊地基段需CFG桩加固处理。重点介绍了合适的便线施工方案、方法，安全合理的防护措施，有效的监测手段，满足施工风险控制要求，使铁路运营和施工作业安全可控。

Because the design line is limited by both the existing railway from Sichuan to Guizhou, topography and room resource, before building the mian bridge and approaching bridge close to Guiyang of new Baishatuo Yangtze River Bridge for the railway from Chongqing to Guiyang, it is necessary to build 1?26km makeshift railway near the existing bridge first, and makes trains running on the makeshift railway, then builds the new bridge, roadbed and structures on the site of the old railway. There is no more than 30m from the old railway to the makeshift railway, engineers have to work close to railway two times which is being used. The rocky cutting slopes of the old railway are precipitous and high, need to cut slopes by blasting rocks in a large area. To build the makeshift railway, the old railway cuttings and embankments will be widened, in some sections, special foundations need to be reinforced by CFG piles. This paper focuses on the right construction methods, safety and reasonable prot