国共内战时期,英国对中共的态度大致经历着由反共走向"亲共"的转变历程。英国对中共态度的转变,从宏观上受到二战结束之初美苏冷战背景的影响,同时又受到内战局势以及中英关系中香港问题的影响。从根本上而言,内战时期英国对中共态度的转变,与此间英国对华政策基本保持一致.在这种表象性的态度转变背后,英国外交政策中国家利益至上的原则并没有根本的改变。

During the Chinese civil war, Britain’s attitudes toward the Communist Party of China changed from opposition to reconciliation.At the macro level, this change was influenced by the surroundings of US-Soviet cold war in the beginning days after the World War II was over.Meanwhile, it also was affected by the Chinese civil war’s developmental trend and the HK problem in Sino-British relations.Fundamentally speaking, Britain’s change of attitudes toward the Communist Party of China during the Chinese civil war was consistent with its change of policy toward China.Behind the presentational change, the core of Britain’s foreign policy, that is, the principle of national interests always being the priority, never had the slightest change all the time.

1967–1970年尼日利亚内战期间,法国支持比夫拉,这与英国态度相反。英国为改变法国政策进行了不懈的努力。在戴高乐时期、后戴高乐时期和尼日利亚内战末期三个阶段,英国从石油利益、地缘政治、人道主义、戴高乐反英态度等各方面对英法两国对尼政策的分歧原因进行了分析,并通过各种直接和间接途径试图改变法国的对尼政策,但种种努力都以失败告终。英法两国的这种政策分歧实质上是两国几百年来全球殖民斗争所导致的观念分歧的一种延续。

During the Nigerian civil war, France, contrary to Britain’s standpoint, supported Biafra. Britain made persistent efforts to try to change the standpoint of France. Throughout the three periods of the de Gaulle’s rule, the post-de Gaulle’ rule, and Nigerian Civil War, Britain analyzed the reasons for the two nation’s policy divergences time and again in respect of oil interests, geopolitics, humanitarianism, Charles de Gaulle’s anti-British attitude, and so on, and tried to change the French policy by all possible direct or indirect means, only to fail. It is eventually realized that these policy divergences were the continuation of concept divergences resulting from the two nation’s hundred years of global colonial contention.

高等教育层次结构是指授予高等教育学位（学历）层次及其对应的机构组成。美国内战前高等教育结构只是体现为以古典教育为主并授予学士学位的学院特征，内战后才逐渐出现了授予硕士乃至博士学位的现代研究型大学，世纪之交美国又产生了授予副学士学位的初级学院，至此美国高等教育系统基本形成了可以授予副学士、学士、硕士和博士学位的层次结构特征，为二战后高等教育的规模扩张与质量提升提供了结构框架与制度保障。在市场、政府与高校三因素作用下，美国高等教育层次结构变迁是从政府不干涉主义的自由市场模式发展到政府宏观调控下的理性市场模式。

The hierarchical structure of higher education system refers to the organization of institutions that confer degrees of different levels ,such as doctoral ,master’s ,bachelor’s and associate degree .Before the Civil War ,American higher education system is only composed by the undergraduate colleges .After the Civil War , a complicated hierarchical structure emerges in American higher education system with the rise of Land-grant colleges ,modern universities and community colleges .Under the influences of the market ,government and ac-ademic institutions ,the hierarchical structure of American higher education has changed from a free-market model without interference of government to a rational market with macro-regulation of the government .

1943-1946年浙大正式有了地下党组织，并以此为核心进一步发展了进步学生队伍，斗争的策略有了进一步提高，学生爱国民主运动进一步深入，使浙大成为大后方高等学府中的爱国“民主堡垒”之一，主要爱国民主运动有“劳军运动”、发表《促进民主宪政宣言》、反内战运动、反国民党制造的“反苏游行”等。

1943-1946Zheda formally with Party organizations, and as the core of the further development of the progressive student team, the tactics of the struggle has been further improved, students'' patriotic democratic movement further, make the University became the rear of higher learning ''s patriotic" one of main bastion of democracy"," Lao patriotic democratic movement movement", published" promote constitutional democracy Manifesto", civil war, the nationalist movement made"anti-Soviet demonstrations .

战略人力资源管理是人力资源管理研究的最新阶段，利用中国知网学术论文总库作为检索来源，以“战略人力资源管理”作为主题词，检索到211篇核心期刊论文，并将其作为样本文献。从共词分析的视角对样本文献中的高频关键词进行研究，并采取因子分析、聚类分析、多维尺度分析相结合的技术，运用 SATI、SPSS、Ucinet 等软件，绘制出国内战略人力资源管理领域研究的可视化图谱，从而归纳分析出国内战略人力资源管理研究领域的热点。

Strategic human resource management is the latest phase of the study of human resources management,the paper takes advantage of the academic papers of CNKI as a source retrieved,″ strategic human resource management″ as the key words,and gets a total of 211 journals papers retrieved as sample documents. Analysis of samples from the common words analysis on high frequency key words in the literature,and to use factor analysis,cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis. We also use SATI,SPSS, Ucinet,software to draw the visual mapping for the national strategic human resource management research,thus having summarized and analyzed the hot spots of the national strategic human resource management research area.