新盖房枢纽由分洪闸、溢流堰、引河闸及灌溉闸组成，具有泄洪、输砂、灌溉等综合效益。枢纽调蓄洪水，使闸前泥沙大量淤积，改变了枢纽原设计运用条件，从而导致引河闸防冲槽冲刷，右岸护坡破坏严重，只有对其进行改建才能消除工程存在的隐患。

Xingaifang hydraulic h inge, which owns synthetical functions of flood discharge, sand transportation and irrigation, consists of distributing flood sluice, down flow weir, leading water sluice and irrigation sluice. Because the hinges regulates the flood and make the sluice form a large amount of silt, it changes the operative condition of the original design of hinge so as to scour the anti-scour trough and destroy the right revetment seriously. The only method to clear up the hidden danger is to reconstruct the project.

文章利用美国陆地卫星遥感数据等,构建了基于Skyline数字地球模型的长江流域三维场景可视化精细遥感演示系统,以ERDAS、ARCGIS、MAPGIS等软件为平台,完成全流域地貌遥感解译,获取了多时相城市扩展遥感信息;采用成因-成因形态-物质形态相结合的地貌遥感三级综合分类新方法,圈定出16 770个基本地貌单元,从微观到宏观掌握了长江流域地貌物质成因类型、结构、展布特征等及与水患防治、土地利用约束关系;新发现了相隔湖北嘉鱼市斧头湖与阳新县网湖的山丘地存在东西向展布的槽谷地貌,研究表明可利用此槽谷,构建联通斧头湖与网湖亦即贯通长江的仅139km大分洪道,比绕行武汉的长江弯道缩短152km;通过构建长江大分洪道与实施小微型蓄水工程,可实现长江流域水患根治的终极目标;从地貌遥感研究角度分析,长江流域土地利用潜力极大,城市化不存在土地瓶颈制约。

The remote sensing demonstration system of 3D visualization of the Yangtze River basin based on Skyline digital earth model is constructed by using American landsat ETM remote sensing data and so on .Based on software platforms of ERDAS ,ARCGIS ,MAPGIS and so on ,the remote sensing information of landform and city expansion in the Yangtze River basin is extracted .16 770 basic landform units in total are found by adopting the remote sensing three-level classification of gen-esis-genetic morphology-physical form . From the micro level to macro level , the landform genetic types ,structures and distribution characteristics of the Yangtze River basin and their constraints to the land use and flood control are obtained .A novel discovery that there is a long latitudinal valley terrain between Futou Lake of Jiayu City and Wang Lake of Yangxin County in Hubei Province is made through the remote sensing visual system .By making use of this valley ,the large floodway be-tween Futou Lake and Wa

禹王台是17—19世纪沭河分洪设施,是保障京杭运河中运河段防洪安全的关键工程。本文在文献解读与实际调查的基础上,复原了禹王台兴废过程及其所反映的沂沭河与运河的关系。研究发现,禹王台废弃、沂沭河流域水患增加的根本原因是黄河夺淮以来对下游水系破坏,以及为确保中运河畅通,人为阻断各河下泄通道所造成的。研究指出,禹王台作为重要的水工文化遗产,是人与自然相互作用的历史见证,应纳入到运河文化遗产保护的大框架下加以认识。

Yuwangtai is a project in the Shuhe River,and also an important ancillary project in the Grand Canal. On the basis of the literature reading and investigation, this paper recovers the historical process of Yuwangtai and the relationship between the Yishu River and the Grand Canal. The investigation shows that the vicissitudes of Yuwangtai is one of the direct reasons of flood increase and the agricultural environment deterioration in the Yishu River basin. It also shows that the fundamental reason lies in the Yellow River. As an important hydraulic cultural heritage, Yuwangtai witnessed the interaction between human and nature. In the future,it should be brought into the framework of the canal culture heritage protection.

为分析洪湖东分蓄洪区在分洪条件下,洪水对地下水水质的影响,采集了蓄洪区4组有代表性的包气带原状土样在室内开展了淋滤试验以分析滤出液中污染物浓度的变化规律。试验分析结果表明：洪湖分蓄洪区包气带黏性土对硝酸盐和K^＋有一定的吸附性,不同土质吸附性能也不同;而Ca^2＋、Mn^2＋、Cu^2＋、Pb^2＋主要表现为解吸作用,从土壤中解吸出来进入下伏含水层,导致地下水硬度增大和重金属污染加重。分蓄洪区蓄洪后,地下水污染加重这一现象应引起相关部门密切关注。

In order to analyze the influence of flood diversion on underground water quality, 4 groups of typical undisturbed soil samples were taken in the vadose zone of eastern flood storage area of Honghu Lake and an indoor leaching experiment was con-ducted to analyze the variation law of pollutant concentration in the leaching liquid. The experiment indicates that the vadose clay in flood storage area of Honghu Lake could absorb nitrate and K+ to some degree and the absorbability differs in different soil;but other ions such as Ca2+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Pb2+ mainly dissolve into the quaternary aquifer, leading to groundwater hardness augment and heavy metal pollution, which should be focused after the impoundment of the flood storage area.

蜿蜒型河流是冲积平原常见的河型之一。针对具体河流的特定自然条件，需要对不同河道形态下的河道特性做出预测，以便选择和调整相应方案。采用集水动力模块、泥沙输运模块、污染物运移模块和水质预测模块为一体的环境流体动力学模型，利用计算机进行数值模拟，对京郊某弯曲河道3种河道形态在50年一遇洪水过程下进行数值模拟，在此基础上对3种工况下河道的水流特性进行分析，发现工况一弯道处凸岸流速先增加后减小，凹岸流速先减小后增大，凹岸水位明显高于凸岸水位；工况二两岸流速分布较为对称，叉道起到分洪滞洪作用；工况三两岸水流摆动现象不如工况一明显，衬砌工程量较小，并提出相应河道保护措施。

Meandering river is one of the typical river channel types in alluvial plain. For rivers in a spe-cific natural condition, it is necessary to predict the channel characteristics under different treatment plans and thus in turn to make a choice or adjustment among these plans. The Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) is a numerical simulation model which contains hydrodynamic models, sediment transport models, and toxics transport models and water quality models. This work uses the EFDC model to simulate the current characteristic of a meandering river in the suburb of Beijing under three different cases. It is shown that in the casel flow velocity on the convex bank first increases at first and then decrease, while that on the concave bank decreases first and then increases. Besides, the water level on the concave bank is apparently higher than that on the convex bank in Case 1. Comparing with those results in Case 1, the flow velocity distribution on the two banks does not vary too