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双语推荐：天线副反射面

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采用并行时域有限差分（FDTD）和基于物理绕射理论（PTD）的时域等效边缘电流（EEC）的混合方法（PTDEEC），分析单反射面天线的边缘绕射场，并将该场与并行 FDTD 和并行时域物理光学（TDPO）混合方法计算得到的物理光学场相结合，实现单反射面天线远区瞬态响应的并行 FDTD 并行 TDPO/时域 PTDEEC 混合方法的模拟。偶极子馈源算例的计算结果表明：本文方法所得结果与 FDTD 方法的计算结果符合较好；单反射面天线口径边缘的绕射对反射面天线远轴副瓣区场的影响比较大。本文方法可用于任意馈源馈电的大型单反射面天线远区辐射瞬态响应的计算。
The fringe wave components of a single reflector''s radiation fields are obtained by using a hybrid method of parallel finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) and time-domain equivalent edge current(EEC) based on the concept of physical theory of diffraction(PTD). The time-domain total radiation fields of the single reflector are combined with those fringe wave components and the physical optical components obtained by the hybrid method of par-allel FDTD and parallel time-domain physical optics(TDPO).The far-fields of a paraboloi-dal reflector antenna illuminated by a dipole source at the focus are calculated by the hybrid method.The results are in good agreement with those obtained by FDTD method.In addi-tion,It is observed that the electromagnetic wave diffraction from the edge of the reflector''s aperture has a great influence on the off-axis minor lobes of the radiation fields.The proposed algorithm is also suitable for analyzing the time-domain far-fields of various large si

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卫星通信系统中使用频率选择表面作为抛物面天线的副反射面，是实现频率复用、提高天线工作效率的有效手段。本文运用模匹配法对频率选择表面单元进行分析计算，并采用精细石英晶片镀膜工艺，实现了Ka波段的频率选择表面构成的天线副反射面。数值和实验结果均表明，该反射面具有良好的角度稳定性及交叉极化特性，同时通带内的插入损耗和阻带的回波损耗都处于较低水平，保证了天线在其工作频带内的高增益。 Ka波段的频率选择表面副反射面的研制顺应了当今卫星通信宽频带、窄波束和小型化的发展趋势。
The design, fabrication and performance of a frequency selective surface (FSS) which is required to operate as broadband sub-reflector of Ka band antenna for satellite communication application is proposed and validated experimentally. In order to obtain this spatial filter which exhibits low insertion losses and insensitivities to the variation of oblique incident angle for TE and TM polarized wave, the mode-matching method is applied to the analysis of the geometrical structure and electrical parameters of FSS unit cell, and the fabrication process of this Ka FSS sub-reflector utilizing sophisticated quartz wafer coating technology is described. Electromagnetic field simulations and measurements results demonstrate that this FSS filter has virtually identical spectral responses in the two polarization planes.

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介绍了一种新型Ku／Ka双频段双极化共孔径阵列馈源偏馈抛物柱反射面天线的设计。在双频段双极化共孔径阵列馈源设计中，Ka 波段采用裂缝波导阵，并且位于共孔径馈源阵列的下层，双极化 Ku波段采用微带贴片天线、位于共孔径阵列馈源的上层。文中给出了该双频段双极化共孔径阵列馈源的设计及测试结果，并将该测试结果代入偏馈抛物柱反射面天线中在 FEKO 软件平台上进行了半实物仿真，仿真结果表明，该双频段双极化共孔径阵列馈源偏馈抛物柱反射天线实现了如下设计目标：Ku 波段双极化水平面扫描范围为±17°，两个主面副瓣电平优于－30 dB，Ka 波段水平面扫描范围为±10°，两个主面的副瓣电平优于－30 dB，双频段双极化两个主面的波瓣宽度和波束指向完全匹配。
A novel dual-band dual-polarized shared-aperture array-fed offset parabolic cylindrical reflec-tor antenna operating at Ku and Ka bands is presented.In the dual-band dual-polarized shared-aperture array, the radiating element at Ka band is the longitudinal slot in the broad face of rectangular waveguide which is in the lower layer of the shared-aperture array,the radiating element at the dual-polarized Ku-band is rectangu-lar microstrip patch antenna which is in the top layer of the shared-aperture array.The design and measure-ment results of this shared-aperture array are presented.The semi-physical simulation is also completed on the FEKO software platform.The simulation results indicate that the azimuth plane scanning capacity at the dual-polarized Ku-band is better than ±17°and the sidelobe level is better than -30 dB in two main planes, as well as the azimuth plane scanning capacity at Ka-band is better than ±10°and the sidelobe level is better than - 30 dB in two ma

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针对所设计的一种封闭式射频集成桅杆,首先测试桅杆内部两个天线一发一收状态下接收天线射频端口的信号电平,从而判断是否会受到发射天线的电磁干扰。与传统的单纯观察设备的后端显示部分来进行干扰判断不同,射频信号测试与电子设备的后端信号处理能力无关,通过定量评估耦合能量的大小,进而可以总结通用的封闭桅杆的电磁干扰规律。试验结果表明,在封闭桅杆内同层、同面且上下布置的两副板阵天线间存在谐波干扰现象。然后,通过对天线特性、复合带通滤波层板特性、测试数据和桅杆内的电磁干扰路径进行大量、详细的理论分析来判断干扰来源。最终发现,电磁干扰很大程度上是由封闭桅杆内部发射天线的谐波通过天线边缘单元的直接辐射及内壁反射从而耦合到接收天线所造成,这是由于桅杆的封闭特性导致天线发射的带外能量无法射出,从而造成内部设备之间的电磁干扰。最后,针对此现象提出电磁干扰的一些控制措施,例如天线间敷设吸波材料、天线分层布置等。
In this paper, an integrated mast is designed, and the signal of radio frequency at the emission port of the receiving antenna is measured to analyze the electromagnetic interference phenomena. Different to estimating the interference from displaying equipment, the actual data collected for electromagnetic cou-pling power can be used to conclude the universal rule in the integrated mast as the signal power of radio frequency is independent from the processing ability of the equipment. According to the experiment results, the phenomenon of electromagnetic interference has been found between two array antennas laid in a plane on the same deck inside the integrated mast. By analyzing the characteristic of the two antennas, the com-posite band-pass filter plate, the experiment data, and the interference path, it has been noticed that the in-terference signal is coupled with the near-field antenna''s harmonic by direct transmission or reflection through the mast wall. Generally, t

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在波束波导和反射面天线的馈源应用中,为了产生低副瓣且方向图等化的高斯波束,需要将高功率微波转换为准高斯模HE11模辐射.本文利用弯曲圆波导可同时从TM01模产生TE11模和TM11模的原理,提出了采用双弯曲过模圆波导结构直接将TM01转换为HE11的模式变换器,避免了常规微波领域中首先将TM01转换为TE11再用波纹式或半径渐变式TE11-HE11转换器转换为准高斯波束功率容量不足或尺寸过长的不足.基于模式耦合理论和Taguchi优化算法对模式变换器的弯曲半径、相移直端长度及引入位置进行了优化,使输出的TE11和TM11成一定比率,以组成HE11模式,并对设计的模式变换器进行了全电磁波仿真分析,结果表明输出波束的标量高斯含量在9.05—9.8 GHz范围内均高于99%,理论功率容量可达4.5 GW.
In the application of low loss beam waveguides and high performance reflector antennas, high power microwave should be converted to quasi-Gaussian HE11 mode, to decrease side lobe level and increase feed coefficient. Based on the fact that TM01 mode converts to TE11 and TM11 mode at the same time in bent overmode circular waveguide, a TM01 to HE11 mode converter was proposed in this paper, which can convert TM01 mode to HE11 mode directly using a bent circular waveguide, the converter has higher power compacity than corrugated TE11-HE11 mode converter and more compact than TE11-TM01 mode converter added with smooth wall TE11-HE11 mode converter. The geometric parameters of the convertor were analyzed and optimized by using coupled mode theory and Taguchi method, to output the target modes content, 80%TE11 and 20%TM11 modes, which are primarily composed of HE11 mode. The optimized converter was analyzed using full electro-magnetic simulation method, the scalar Gauss ratio of the output

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天线远场反射会对天线测试有一定的影响。首先介绍了使用喇叭进行增益测试来判断天线远场反射的方法;然后根据电波传播的菲涅尔区理论,在天线测试远场的发射端和接收端进行削波,以避免电磁波照射到地面形成反射和减少接收反射信号,从而达到消除反射的目的。并在一个远场作了验证,结果证实方法可行。
Antenna far-field′s reflection has definite influence on antenna testing. The method to judge far-field′s reflection by gain testing with a pyramidal horn is introduced in this paper. According to the Fresnel zone theory of radio wave propaga-tion,the clipping is done at both the transmitting terminal and receiving terminal of antenna testing far-field to avoid the reflec-tion that the electromagnetic wave irradiates on the ground and to reduce the received reflection signal,so as to realize the re-flection elimination. The feasibility was validated in a far-field experiment.

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根据电磁场辐射理论推导天线辐射的数学模型,利用计算机仿真的方法对初步导出的数学模型中的各个参数进行修正,从而得到一个符合实际天线特性的数学模型是一种简洁和准确的分析方法。利用这种方法能够解决多种天线的数学模型问题。将反射板等效地分解为多个独立的天线单元,建立"接收再辐射"是分析天线反射板作用的重要理论。实验结果证明它是简单、有效地分析反射板辐射性能的理论和方法。
The antenna radiation mathematics model is deduced by electromagnetic radiation theory, and the primary mathematics model parameters are modified by utilizing computer simulation, thus acquiring the antenna radiation mathematic model that accords with the performance of the actual antenna, which is a simple and accurate methods of analysis. The methods can solve the problems of diversiform antenna radiation mathematics model. It is an important theory of analyzing the function of reflector plate to decompound equivalently the reflector plate into sever- al independent antennas and to set up the analytic methods of ＂receiving further radiation＂. Experimental result proves that it is a simple methods and correct theory to research reflector plate availably.

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设计了一种同时具备高增益和宽带低散射特征的波导缝隙天线.将蚀刻有互补开口谐振环的方形贴片人工磁导体正交布阵得到宽带低雷达截面积(RCS)反射屏并以之代替原天线的全金属反射板,通过优化反射屏的加载方式,在展宽天线工作频带、提高天线增益的同时,实现了宽频域范围内天线鼻锥方向RCS减缩.实测结果表明:加载低RCS反射屏的缝隙天线工作带宽增加了100 MHz,前向增益提高了3.2 dB,在5.52—6.63GHz范围内RCS减缩量达10 dB以上,减缩带宽达到20%.
A novel design for high gain and low radar cross section (RCS) waveguide slot antenna is proposed. Low RCS screen composed of orthogonal array of complementary split ring resonator etched square patch artificial magnetic conductor (CSRR-AMC) is exploited on the antenna for radiation improvement and broadband RCS reduction. Measured results demonstrate that the operating bandwidth is increased by 100 MHz and the gain is enhanced by 3.2 dB with the proposed structure. Meanwhile, 10 dB RCS reduction is achieved over the range of 5.52-6.63 GHz, implying 20%relative bandwidth.

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本文详细介绍了集中负载对天线反射面精度的影响，建立了66 m天线结构有限元模型，依据模型分析结果，对集中负载引起的天线主面误差进行了分析和数值计算；引入保型设计概念，对集中负载的承载点进行了优化设计，提出了对集中载荷作用分散化、变形均匀化的处理方式。该方法在66米天线上的成功应用，证明了其可以有效的提高天线反射面精度，保障了探月二期任务的圆满完成。该方法对大口径、高精度反射面天线的研制有重要的指导意义。
Impact of concentrate load on accuracy of reflector antenna is analyzed in detail;finite element model of the 66 m-diameter antenna structure is constructed; main reflector error caused by concentrate load is analyzed based on the model analyzing result and numerical computation is conducted. Through introducing flexible design concept, bearing points of concentrate load are designed and optimized. Dispersion and uniform deformation pro-cessing approach is proposed to deal with concentrate load. Successful application of this method in the 66m-di-ameter antenna proves that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of antenna reflector, which gave great support for successful of the Lunar Exploration Phase II Program. The method provides an important guideline for development of large-diameter and high-precision reflector antenna.

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电磁带隙(EBG)天线是一种可以提高天线辐射口径及增益的新型天线,以FSS作为EBG反射面,角锥喇叭作为辐射源,设计了一种可以工作在29.7~30.2 GHz,最大增益为23 dB的EBG天线,并对7个喇叭阵列进行了仿真分析,证明了该种EBG天线具有良好的工作性能,可以作为小型化单口径反射面多波束天线的辐射源,用于减小通信卫星的重量。
Electromagnetic bandgap(EBG)antenna is a new antenna which can improve its radiation aperture and gain. A EBG antenna with FSS as its reflecting surface and pyramidal horn as its radiation source was designed. It can work in 29.7~30.2 GHz and its maximum gain is 23 dB. Simulation analysis of seven horn arrays was performed. The result proves that the EBG antenna has perfect working performance. The antenna can be used as the radiation source of multi-beam antenna with miniaturization single-aperture reflecting surface to reduce the weight of communication satellite.

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