新疆750kV乌鲁木齐～哈密输电线路利用沿线气象站和铁路测风站的实测风速数据，分析了本研究区内的10min平均风速、月平均风速、各风向频率及最大瞬时风速、大风危害，并建立了10min平均最大风速与瞬时最大风速的回归方程，求得铁路的测风站的最大风速，考虑到线路的走向、地形和微地貌等因素对线路设计风速的影响，对新疆750kV乌鲁木齐～哈密输电线路的设计风速提出了建议，供设计参考。

By statistical analysis of the weather station characteristics and the railway weather station along the 750kV transmission line of Xinjiang province. Finding that the basic characteristics of the area wind. The analysis also gets the statistics relations of the annual maximum 10-min averaged wind velocity at the height of 10 m above the station ground and the extreme wind speed. The rules give the design wind velocity for 750kV Urumqi??~Turpan?~Hami Transmission Line.

利用商都化德风区内气象观测站1959-2011年的风速观测资料,采用线性倾向估计法、Mann-Kendall法、墨西哥帽状小波分析方法,研究了该风区内平均风速的气候变化特征。结果表明:该风区逐年平均风速春季最大,夏季最小;53a来平均风速整体呈下降趋势,变化率约为-0.036m/(s·a)。年平均风速在80年代末出现了从高到低的突变。1986年到2000年之间风速序列均显著存在着8-10年的周期振荡。

Based on the wind observation from Shangdu and Huade county of Inner Mongolia and linear tendency estimate method , Mann-Kendall method and Morlet wavelet , this paper examines the temporal climate change characteristics of the near -surface average wind speed in this county .The results indicate the annual mean wind speed is higher in spring , weaker in summer .The annual average wind speed is on a decreasing trend for 53a.The rate of change is -0.036 m/(s· a).The annual average wind speed appeared the turning point from high to low in the late 80 s.The wind speed sequence shows the periodic oscillation of 8-10 years significantly from 1986 to 2000 .

根据1128h的实测强风风速样本,对某空旷平坦地貌下10 m高度处的非平稳强风风场湍流特性进行了研究。基于平均风速在基本时距内的平稳性,建立了非平稳强风风场的平稳风速模型和非平稳风速模型,分别计算这两类模型下的各风场湍流特征参数并加以对比。结果表明:55%的实测风速样本具有较强的非平稳性,采用非平稳风速模型更能反映实际风场风速;研究湍流特征参数随平均风速的变化规律,其中湍流强度随风速变化不明显,主要集中在0.16~0.20,大于我国现行荷载规范规定的B类场地10 m高度湍流度值0.14;阵风因子随平均风速减小,湍流积分尺度则随之增大;相对于其他风速谱,Davenport谱更能准确描述强风风场的能量分布。

The turbulent characteristics of nonstationary strong wind were analyzed based on field measured wind records of 1 128-h long collected at a height of 10 meters over an open flat terrain.According to the assumption that the average wind speed component was deterministic time-varying in a time interval,a nonstationary wind model was proposed and then applied to find its turbulent characteristics.The results were compared with those calculated with a stationary wind model where the average wind speed component was assumed constant.It was found that 55% samples of wind records are nonstationary,and the nonstationary wind model is more appropriate for charactering wind speed.The variations of turbulent characteristics versus wind speed were studied,and it showed that the turbulent intensity seems to have no significant relationship with wind speed and mainly distributes within 0.16 !0.20,it is slightly greater than 0.14 given in our current country''s wind load codes;the gust fac

利用1981-2010年济宁及周边郊区3县（兖州、汶上、嘉祥）台站的降水和风速资料，研究分析了济宁城区、郊区的降水和风速变化趋势和特点．在此基础上，探讨了城市化发展对济宁城郊降水和风速的影响．研究发现：1）近30年来，济宁城区、郊区年降水量均有增多的趋势，相应增加率分别为6．4 mm/a 和9．4 mm/a，从年际变化上看，20世纪80年代到90年代济宁城区、郊区平均降水量相对较少，90年代到21世纪初期降水量波动较大，2003年以后，济宁城郊、郊区的降水量整体数量上略有增加，且降水量的增加率郊区远大于城区，与济宁市的城市化进程相一致．2）济宁城郊冬、春、夏三季降水量呈递增趋势明显，且冬、春、秋三季郊区降水量的增加幅度大于城区．3）济宁城区、郊区平均风速均显著减小，其减幅分别为-0．15 m/s-1/10 a和-0．19 m/s-1/10 a，郊区的降幅远大于城区．4）与年际变化一样，四季的平均风速均呈下降趋势，其中，春季、夏季和秋季平均风速减幅较大．城区平均风速与郊区平均风速相比较，发现2000年之前济宁城区和郊区各季节平均风速基本一致，2000年之后郊区平均风速急剧减小．这与济宁城市的快速扩张时间相吻合．

By using 1 981 -201 0 Jining County and its surrounding suburbs (Yanzhou,Wenshang,Jiaxiang) station precipitation and wind speed data,the outskirts of precipitation and wind speed trends and characteristics are analyzed.On this basis,the impact of urbanization on the Jining suburban precipitation and wind speed is explored.The study found that:1 )the past 30 years,Jining urban,suburban annual precipitation are a growing trend,the corresponding rate of increase of 6.4 mm /a and 9.4 mm /a,the interannual variability from the point of view,the 1 980s to Jining city in the 1 990s,the suburbs average rainfall is relatively less,to the beginning of the 21 st century precipitation fluctuations in the 1 990s,after 2003,Jining suburbs,a slight increase in the outskirts of precipitation on the overall amount of precipitation and the rate of increase in the suburbs much larger than the city. 2)Jining Suburb winter,spring,and summer quarters of precipitation showed an increasing trend,winter,sprin

作为沙尘暴发生必不可少的动力条件，风是判定沙尘暴强度的主要指标，也是沙尘暴预测预报的依据。虽然人类对风的认识很早、研究很多，但是对沙尘暴过程中的风速特征仍然在不断的探索中。文中研究了民勤荒漠区、绿洲边缘和绿洲内部三种下垫面近地面50m沙尘暴风速特征及其与环境因子的关系。主要研究结果是：1）在三种不同的下垫面条件下，沙尘暴风速在近地面50m范围内风速均随高度遵循幂函数关系递增。2）从荒漠区到绿洲边缘近地表0—50m内风速平均削减4．11％，再从绿洲边缘到达绿洲内部风速平均削减30．45％。风穿越研究断面，随高度增加风速削减率逐渐减小。3）不同季节，沙尘暴平均风速没有明显差异，但地表粗糙度越小沙尘暴平均风速的季节性差异越大，高度越高季节差异越大。4）绿洲内部地表粗糙度为2．121cm，绿洲边缘为0．082cm，荒漠区为0．023cm。5）根据每次沙尘暴过程中30min平均风速随时间的振荡曲线的轮廓可将沙尘暴归纳为三类，分别为单峰型、双峰型和多峰型。这三种不同类型的沙尘暴在大气环流背景、沙尘暴的发生时间、沙尘暴过程中风速的时空变化等均有明显的不同。在一次沙尘暴过程中，从垂直梯度看，随着高度的增加风速随时问曲线的振幅增大，而振荡频率降低；从水平梯度看，沙尘暴流场从荒漠区经绿洲边缘到达绿洲内部，风速曲线振幅逐渐减小，振荡频率逐渐增加。

Using the instantaneous wind speed date which obtained by near - surface sandstorm observing systems in Minqin National Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem, the wind speed characteristics of near - surface vertical gradient of 50m in different ground surface in sandstorm process was analyzed. In three different ground surface conditions, during sandstorm process in the same height, the wind speed was the biggest in summer and the smallest in winter. The wind speed variation with the change of height was the biggest in summer and the smallest in spring, and in the same season that in oasis was bigger than at the edge of oasis and desert. Rroughness was the biggest in summer and the smallest in spring, the biggest in oasis and the smallest in desert. During the sandstorm process, amplitude of wind speed increasded with height, and in the same height, amplitude of wind speed in desert was bigger than in oasis.