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双语推荐：氡浓度

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为了得到气溶胶变化后对氡子体产生的影响,实验通过气溶胶粒径谱仪SMPS测试氡室内不同浓度气溶胶,分析气溶胶的变化情况,根据AlphaGUARD测氡仪以及AlphaPM子体仪测试变化的氡浓度不同气溶胶下子体变化情况。实验结果表明:在两个NaCl浓度的气溶胶条件下,气溶胶的总量随着气溶胶发生器中的NaCl浓度的增大而变大,由于氡子体结合态随气溶胶浓度改变,氡子体浓度也随气溶胶浓度的增大而增大。并且在相同气溶胶浓度情况下,氡子体的浓度随着氡浓度的增大而增大。
In order to get the impact of radon daughter after the aerosol changed, the experiment analyzes the changes of aerosol by using aerosol particle spectrometer SMPS to test different concentrations aerosol in radon chamber, and tests different radon concentration under different aerosol changes according to the AlphaGUARD and AlphaPM. The experimental results show that:Under the condition of two aerosols of NaC1 concentration, the amount of aerosols gets heighten with the increase of NaCl concentration of aerosol generator. Due to the radon daughter combined state changes with aerosol concentration, concentration of radon daughter also increases along with the increase of aerosol concentration. And under the condition of same aerosol concentration, the concentra-tion of radon daughter grows with the increase of radon concentration.

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压抽混合式通风是长距离独头掘进巷道内控制氡及氡子体浓度重要的通风方式,研究该种通风方式下巷道风流中氡及氡子体浓度分布规律对指导其通风和辐射防护设计具有重要的意义。为此,根据氡与氡子体之间的衰变关系,建立了风流中氡子体α潜能浓度与氡活度浓度之间的简化数学计算模型;接着,分析了独头巷道受限空间内氡及氡子体的来源,并基于巷道风流的紊流传质理论,建立了压抽混合式通风方式下风流中氡活度浓度与氡子体α潜能浓度分布的数学计算模型;最后,针对一个具体的独头巷道,探讨了通风量和岩壁氡析出率对整个巷道内氡浓度和氡子体α潜能浓度分布的影响,同时提出了独头巷道内降低氡及氡子体致工作人员剂量的防护措施。
The forced-exhaust ventilation is an important way to control the concentration of radon and its progenies in long-distance blind driving roadway.It is of great significance for guiding the design of ventilation and radiation protection to study distribution characteristics of theconcentration of radon and its progenies in the wind of roadway adopting the forced-exhaust ventilation.Therefore,according to the decay relationship of radon and its progenies,a simplified mathematical calculation model was built,which relates to the radon activity concentration and the potential alpha concentration of radon progenies.The paper also analyzed the sources of radon and its progenies in the limited space of the blind roadway.Then,based on the turbulence mass transfer theory of ventilation air flow,the paper established mathematical calculation models of distribution characteristics of the radon activity concentration and the potential alpha concentration of radon progenies in blind roadway with f

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双源法测量土壤潜势氡浓度是利用土壤表面氡析出率和浅层土壤氡浓度,确定土壤潜势氡浓度的方法。为了实现双源法快速测量土壤潜势氡浓度,项目对Mathematica、Excel及C语言程序3种计算土壤潜势氡浓度的方法进行研究。通过计算,验证了3种方法计算结果一致,其中Mathematica和Excel需依靠PC机进行,不便实时给出测量结果;而C语言程序易于移植,便于土壤潜势氡浓度测量仪的开发,为土壤潜势氡浓度的测量提供了技术支持。
Dual-source method uses the way which takes advantage of soil surface radon exhilaration rate and shallow soil radon concentration to determine the potential soil radon concentration .In order to achieve the rap-id measurement by using the dual -source method to measure the soil radon concentration ,we made some re-search on three ways that are Mathematic ,Exce and C language program to calculate the potential radon concen -tration.These comparative experiments show that three methods can have the same result .Because Mathemtica and Excellrelied on the PC ,there is inconvenience on achieving the real -time measurement results;The C lan-guage program is easy to transplant ,easy to develop the measurement instrument of potential soil radon concen -tration which can provide technical support for the potential soil radon concentration measurement .

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地表壤氡可以反映地下深部的水文、地质、矿产、热源等信息,但土壤氡浓度有年变和日变的特点。为了研究土壤氡浓度日变化规律及其影响因素,采用α能谱测氡仪对土壤氡进行连续测量。结果表明:土壤氡浓度呈单峰型日变化特征,最大值出现在19:00~22:00,最小值出现在11:00~14:00,土壤温度是影响土壤氡浓度的关键因子,土壤氡浓度与土壤温度呈正相关。降雨对土壤氡浓度有显著的影响,降雨后土壤氡浓度出现双峰型日变化特征,其变化与土壤湿度和空气温度等气象因素有关。
Surface soil radon could reflect deep underground hydrology, geology, mineral resources, heat source and other information, but the soil radon concentration has diurnal and annual variation characteristics. In order to study this problem, the authors used αspectroscopic cumulative radon instrument for continuous measurement. The results show that the law of soil radon concentration diurnal variation is of the single-peak type, the maximum value appears at the time interval of 19:00-22:00, with the minimum value at 11:00-14:00. Soil temperature is the key factor affecting the soil radon concentration, which is positively correlated with soil temperature. Rainfall has significant effects on soil radon concentration, which assumes double peak type after rain. The changes are related to mete-orological factors such as soil humidity and air temperature.

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采用IED-3000R轻便型测氡仪,对四川阿坝地区土壤、空气中的氡气浓度开展初步调查。结果表明：（1）测区空气中氡气浓度较高,均在平均值185Bq/m3附近;（2）所测得土壤的氡气浓度范围为2736～93486Bq/m3,平均值为26021Bq/m3,远远高于全国城市土壤中氡气浓度7300Bq/m3的平均值,同时在156个土壤氡气浓度被测点中共有91个测点氡气浓度值超过20000Bq/m3,而按照国家标准,对于民用建筑工程土壤中氡气浓度超过20000Bq/m3要进行不同程度的防氡工程;（3）地质环境、土壤松散度、岩土性质、土壤含水率为影响阿坝地区土壤氡气浓度的主要因素。
By using an IED-3000 portable emanometer produced by Beijing Nuclear Instrument Plant,this pa-per conducted a preliminary investigation on the radon concentration of soil and air in Aba,Sichuan.The results reveal three aspects as follows:(1 )the radon concentration of air in the study area is around background value of 185 Bq/m3;(2)the radon concentration of soil ranges from 2,736 Bq/m3 to 93,486 Bq/m3 with average value of 26,021 Bq/m3,which is higher than the average value of the other domestic cities of 7,300 Bq/m3, and the average values of radon concentration in 91 measured points are over 20,000 Bq/m3 among 156 meas-ured points;(3 )the radon concentration of soil in five districts is sorted in descending order as Heishui>Maer-kang>Rangtang>Aba>Hongyuan.The radon concentration of soil in Aba is affected by geological environ-ment,soil porosity,geotechnical properties,moisture content of soil,and the radon concentration of soil in most districts of the study area is extremely high,

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深圳是我国土壤高氡背景区,为评价该地区公共场所内氡所致人体辐射照射水平,本文随机抽取的44个不同公共场所,使用RAD-7对所选场所室内氡浓度水平进行调查.调查结果表明深圳福田区公共场所室内氡浓度算术平均值:26.7±17.3 Bq/m3,几何平均值:22.3±1.9 Bq/m3;不同建材场所室内氡浓度差异较大,以高层建筑室内氡浓度最高;和深圳氡调查历史数据相比,只有高层建筑室内氡浓度呈上升趋势.本次调查数据对深圳市公共场所室内氡浓度的评价和防护具有一定参考意义.
Shenzhen city is a high soil radon background district in our country. To evaluate the region public radon radiation exposure levels to the human,RAD-7 was used to super-vise indoor radon concentration levels at the selected 44 different public sites. The results of survey show that places the arithmetic mean is 26. 7±17. 3 Bq/m3 ,and the geometric average is 22. 3 ±1. 9 Bq/m3 for the indoor radon concentration in the district of Futian public;indoor radon concentrations are varied with different building materials, with the highest in high-rise building;compared to historical data,only high-rise building indoor ra-don concentration is on the rise. The survey data of public indoor radon concentration could have certain reference significance for the evaluation and protection in the city of Shenzhen.

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以嘉峪关断层气氡为研究对象，利用气氡和气温、气压的日值，通过计算气温气压与气氡浓度的相关系数，分析了气温和气压对断层气氡浓度短期变化的影响．结果显示，气温和气压对气氡浓度的短期影响显著，其表现为既具有相似性特征，又存在明显的差别：①在对气氡浓度的影响程度上，气压明显大于气温．②气温和气压对气氡浓度的影响均具有明显的滞后效应，如离取样时间最近的0-8时，它们对气氡浓度的影响均逐渐减弱，但气温对气氡浓度的影响于7时达到最低，8时仍在低位变化；而气压对气氡浓度的影响则在8时达到最低值．9时气温和气压的影响都出现快速上升，之后气压对气氡浓度的影响表现为波动缓慢上升变化，18-19时达到最高值；9时之后气温对气氡浓度的影响则表现为波动缓慢下降变化．③不同月份气压和气温对气氡浓度的影响也存在明显的差异．气压的影响具有很好的规律性，1-4月为高影响状态，5月份开始出现快速下降变化，8月份达到最低值，9月份略有回返，10-12月又达到了全年的最高值；而气温对气氡浓度的影响除3月份和4月份比较高之外，其它月份都在低值变化，并且差别不大．④对震例的分析结果表明，嘉峪关气氡浓度大幅正突跳变化不具备预报地震的能力．
Using daily values of gas radon concentration from Jiayuguan fault as well as daily values of air temperature and atmospheric pressure in Jiayuguan, this paper studied the influence of air temperature and atmospheric pressure on short-term change of gas radon concentration by calculating the correlation coef-ficient between air temperature & atmospheric pressure and gas radon concen-tration.The results showed that both air temperature and atmospheric pressure had obvious influence on short-term change of gas radon concentration.① The influence from atmospheric pressure is more remarkable than that from air tem-perature.② The influences of air temperature and atmospheric pressure both had time-lag characteristic.At 0-8 o’clock,their influences on radon concen-tration were gradually weakened.The influence of air temperature was the wea-kest at 7 and 8 o’clock in a day,but the influence of atmospheric pressure was the weakest only at 8 o’clock in a day.At 9 o’clock,their i

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为减少被动积累法测定土壤中氡浓度的测量时间，探讨了一种快速测量土壤氡浓度的方法。该方法将未平衡时的测量结果通过最小二乘法拟合得到相关参数值，进而得到平衡时的土壤氡浓度。方法研究中，研制了一台土壤氡浓度快速测量仪。实验室和现场测量结果表明，拟合值和平衡时的氡浓度值之间的相对偏差在7％以下，测量时间缩短3h以上。
To reduce the time for measuring radon concentration in soil by passive accumulation method, a rapid method has been studied.The method can provide related parameter values that fitted from unbalanced result by least square method and then get the balanced radon concentration.On account of above conditions, a rapid measuring instrument for radon concentration in soil has been researched.Measured results show that the rela-tive deviation between the fitting values and the balanced values is below 7%,measuring time is shorten more than 3 hours than before.

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目的 探讨原地浸出矿氡污染的规律及相应的防护措施.方法 对工作现场进行工艺分析、氡浓度连续监测,根据监测结果提出整改措施并进一步验证其效果.结果 试运行整改前氡浓度监测结果显示,本项目氡浓度偏高的场所集中在浸出液处理厂房的低跨车间,连续两次整改后,各个工作场所的氡浓度均满足国家相关标准的要求.结论 导致浸出液处理厂房低跨车间氡浓度超标的主要原因是对原地浸出采铀工艺过程中的氡析出认识不足,提示工程设计和施工中一定要密闭氡源,防止其析出扩散至厂房等工作场所.
Objective To explore the regularity of radon pollution with in-situ leaching mine and appropriate protective measures.Methods The radon contamination situation was analyzed and the radon concentration was monitored,and then based on the monitoring result corrective measures were proposed to further verify its effect.Results The monitoring results of radon concentration before rectification showed that high concentration of radon concentrated in the leaching solution processing workshop,the radon concentration met the requirements of the relevant national standards after twice rectification.Conclusions The main reason of high concentration of radon in the leaching solution processing workshop is lack of knowledge of radon concentration in the in-situ leaching of uranium mine.It prompts that the radon source should be completely airtight to prevent radon spreading to factories and other workplaces.

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对北京平原区北西向和北东向两条氡浓度剖面进行了测量，发现北部地区氡背景值要大于南部，东向西方向氡浓度变化起伏频繁。分析其原因主要是受到土壤母质、地层以及断裂的影响，发现断裂是影响北京平原区氡浓度高值的主要因素。
In order to understand the distribution characteristics of soil radon and its influence factors, the investigation of radon characteristics on the two NW-direction and NE-direction profiles are finished in Beijing plain area. The result indicates that the background radon concentration in the north of the area is much higher than that in the south, and the radon concentration varies obviously from east to west. The soil’s parent material, stratum and fault are the major influence factors that cause the above characteristics. Further more, the fault is the major factor on impacting the radon concentration in Beijing plain area.

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