以柠檬酸为改性剂对滑石粉进行表面改性,将改性滑石粉与聚丙烯(PP)采用熔融共混方法制备出系列改性滑石粉/PP复合材料;通过红外吸收光谱、扫描电镜和冲击、拉伸性能实验等方法研究改性滑石粉对复合材料的内部微观形貌、力学性能以及流动性能的影响规律,结果表明:滑石粉经柠檬酸改性后能够明显改善与PP的相容性,促进滑石粉颗粒在PP基体中的均匀分散,从而实现复合材料的加工流动性能和冲击韧性、拉伸强度等力学性能的全面提高,同时增强增韧聚丙烯的作用。

Used citric acid as a modifier for surface treatment of talc,the modified talc and polypro-pylene(PP)were prepared by melt blending and obtained a series of PP/talc composites. With infra-red absorption spectrum,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),impact properties test,tensile prop-erties test and other experimental methods,researched the modified talc influence of the internal mi-crostructure,mechanical properties and flow properties to the composites. The results showed that:the talcum powder after citric acid modifing can obviously improve the compatibilitys between talcum powder particle and PP,promote the talcum evenly dispersed in PP matrix,and improved process-ing flow properties,impact properties,tensile properties and other mechanical properties,toughened and reinforced PP.

以均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)为扩链剂,对废旧PET(r-PET)进行化学扩链改性,研究了PMDA对r-PET熔融增粘过程中的扭矩、特性粘度等的影响,获得了r-PET熔融增粘的最佳条件。在此基础上,将增粘后的r-PET与物理研磨法制备的纳米滑石粉通过熔融复合,获得了r-PET/滑石粉纳米复合材料。力学性能测试表明,纳米滑石粉比微米滑石粉能更有效地提高复合材料拉伸和弯曲强度。DSC研究表明,纳米滑石粉的添加起到了成核剂的作用,r-PET的结晶峰呈现向高温移动的趋势。

The chain extension reaction of recycled PET (r-PET)was studied via reactive extrusion using pyro-mellitic dianhydrde (PMDA)as chain extender.And the talc nanoparticle was prepared by grinding pulveriza-tion and was employed to reinforce the r-PET by melt compounding.It was be found that the nanosized talc could more efficiently enhance the mechanical properties of r-PET matrix than the microsized talc.The DSC analysis results indicated that the nanosized talc acted as the nucleating agent for r-PET.

建立了快速检测安全套中滑石粉的新方法。样品微波消解处理后,采用原子吸收光谱法测定其中镁的含量,扣除本底镁后换算成滑石粉的含量。方法的线性范围为0.5~5.0 mg/L(r=0.99),样品测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.61%~0.80%之间,加标回收率为96.6%~106.5%。该方法简便、快速,适用于安全套中滑石粉的测定。

A rapid method for the determination of talcum powder in condoms was developed.After being digested by microwave digestion system, magnesium in samples was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry.The content of magnesium in samples was converted to the content of talcum powder after the bottom of magnesium being eliminated in the sample.The linear range was 0.5~5.0 mg/L(r=0.99).Its RSD was in the range of 0.61%~0.80%.The average recovery was 96.6%~106.5%.The method is simple, rapid and adapt to determinate talcum powder in condoms.

研究超微细滑石粉在工程机械轮胎胎侧胶中的应用。结果表明：在工程机械轮胎胎侧胶中用超微细滑石粉部分替代炭黑，能减小混炼能耗，增大撕裂强度，降低生热，提高低比表面积炭黑在胶料中的分散性，改善粘合性能。

The application of ultra-ifne talc in the sidewall compound of OTR tire was investigated. In this study, part of carbon black in the compound was replaced by ultra-ifne talc. The experimental test results showed that, the energy consumption of mixing process was reduced, the tear resistance of the vulcanizates increased, the heat build-up was reduced, the dispersion of high surface area carbon black was improved, and the adhesion property of the compound was improved.

利用极限氧指数(LOI)仪、酒精喷灯燃烧实验、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TG)、锥形量热仪及力学性能测试研究了滑石粉用量对阻燃聚丙烯(PP)土工格栅力学性能、熔体流动速率(MFR)、阻燃性能和热稳定性的影响,并对其作用机理进行了分析。结果表明,在六溴环十二烷协同三氧化二锑的阻燃体系下,滑石粉的加入降低了阻燃PP土工格栅的力学性能、阻燃性能和热稳定性,但提高了材料的MFR,使其加工性能得到改善。添加质量分数为3%的滑石粉后,阻燃PP土工格栅的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率分别降低2.72%和23.33%,MFR和热释放速率峰值分别增加4.28%和6.22%。DSC和TG分析表明,滑石粉可以提高阻燃PP土工格栅的结晶度,但使其熔融焓及热稳定性下降,其中添加质量分数为3%的滑石粉后,阻燃PP土工格栅的结晶度提高了10.11%,熔融焓降低了37.38%,PP在空气气氛下的初始分解温度比氮气气氛降低了60℃左右。

The effects of talc on the mechanical properties,melting flow rate,flame retardant properties and thermal stabi-lities of flame retarded polypropylene used for geo-grid were studied and the mechanism of talc was analyzed by limited oxygen index,alcohol blow lamp test,differential scanning calorimeter,thermo-gravimetric analyzer,cone calorimeter and mechanical performances test. The results show that in the flame retardant system of hexabromocyclododecane and antimony trioxide,the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties and thermal stabilities of flame retarded polypropylene used for geo-grid are decreased while the melting flow rate and processability are improved by adding talc. When mass fraction of talc is 3%,the tensile strength and elongation at break of flame retarded polypropylene used for geo-grid are reduced by 2.72%and 23.33%respectively, while melting flow rate and heat release rate peak are increased by 4.28%and 6.22%respectively. Differential scanning calorime