随着石油勘探开发的深入进行，低渗、特低渗油藏的评价及开发正受到越来越多的关注。由于低渗油藏较强的非均质性，在滚动开发时通常先对甜点进行集中开采，因此需要对甜点有较高的认识。而当前各种判断甜点的方法都存在一定的技术或经济层面的问题。基于试井技术，本文建立了一套完整的试井解释体系。使用该体系能够较好地降低试井解释的多解性，获得合理可靠的解释结果，并对结果通过插值方法来识别甜点。在该体系中，建立了基于时空尺度的“三维”试井解释评价技术。以井组为单位，分析并解释了所有试井测试资料，对最终试井解释结果中的地层系数进行克里格插值，并根据插值结果评价了地层系数在整个区块上的空间分布，提出了适宜开发的甜点位置，以此用来指导生产开发。为说明该体系的应用价值，本文给出了长庆油田某区块的分析案例。

With the development of the oil field ,more attention has been paid to the low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs .During the rolling development of such reservoirs ,produc-tion usually concentrates on sweep spots due to their strong heterogeneities .Hence ,the i-dentification of the sweet spots plays a vital role in production .The current methods to iden-tify the sweet spots ,however ,have the limitation in terms of technique and economy .Based on well test analysis ,this paper established a system approach to identify the sweet spots , which could lower the uncertain of well test analysis and evaluate the sweep spots in an eco-nomic and reliable way .This system approach is as follows .Based on the unit of well group , 3D well test analysis method (spatial and temporal scale) was initially established to analyze the test data .Then Kriging interpolation was applied to predict spatial distribution of the for-mation factor of the matrix .According to the results ,potential sweet sp

YQ1井钻遇的龙马溪组—五峰组优质黑色页岩单层厚度大，有机碳含量高，有机质成熟度较高，微孔隙、微裂缝发育。分析化验结果表明，YQ1井页岩层甲烷吸附气含量随埋藏深度、地层压力、有机质及黏土含量的增加而增大，含气量达1.0～3.0 m3/t，证实龙马溪组底部是本区页岩气勘探的现实目的层，为具有商业开采价值的优质页岩气层。针对“强改造、高演化”的中国南方海相勘探领域，页岩气成藏赋存具有“构造沉积控局势→保存条件控气藏→岩性物性控甜点”的地质特色，落实富有机质、超常地层压力、脆性微孔缝发育的页岩气甜点区是页岩气勘探评价的第一要务，寻找构造变形较弱、远离通天断层、区域盖层发育和整体保存良好的宽阔向斜区是海相构造坳陷页岩气甜点区评价优选的首要因素。

The high quality shale of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations that was encountered by well YQ-1 during the drilling pro-cess is characterized by thick single layer,high TOC content,high organic matter maturity,and well developed microscopic pore and cracks. The analysis results reveal that the absorbed methane content of core shale from well YQ-1 increases with the rise of burial depth,formation pressure,content of organic matter and clay minerals. The gas in place(GIP)of the shale reservoirs ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 m3/t,indicating that the shale horizon of the basal of Longmaxi formation and Wufeng forma-tion is the first target stratum with commercial development value. The marine gas shale in Southern China is characterized of“intensive reformation,and high maturity”,and because the occurrence of shale gas resources is characterized by the control factors on distribution,gas pool,and sweet pot that are controlled by tectonics,storage condition and physical properties of rocks resp

储层微观地质统计分析发现,巴喀地区砂岩粒度与储层孔隙度和渗透率具有较好的相关性。通过建立测井解释模型,利用自然伽马曲线定量表征砂岩粒度参数及储层储集参数特征,在此基础上,根据储层微观参数地质统计分析和测井模型计算结果,应用储层微观地质统计参数反演与相干体分析技术相结合的预测方法,对巴喀地区八道湾组致密砂岩储层"甜点"分布特征进行了有效的预测。八道湾组致密砂岩储层"甜点"主要分布在柯柯亚构造带断背斜高部位及其紧邻的斜坡区,储层粒度较粗,渗透率相对较高,在一定范围内,孔隙度也相对较高,为巴喀地区致密砂岩气藏的有利储层分布区和有利勘探区。

According to the reservoir microscopic geostatistical analysis,the results show that the granularity of sandstone is in relatively good correlation with reservoir porosity and permeability in Baka Region. By building log interpretation model and with gamma curve,we get the parameters of granularity of sandstone and reservoir feater. Based on the geological reservoir microscopic parameter statistical analysis and logging model calculation results,and with the reservoir microscopic geological statistical parameter inversion and coherence analysis technology,we made prediction of tight sandstone reservoir sweet spot distribution of Badaowan Formation. The sweet spot of tight sandstone reservoir in Badaowan Fortamtion are mainly distributed in high faulted anticline of Kekeya tectonic belt and adjacent to the slope area. The tight sandstone reservoir of Badaowan is of granularity coarser,and relatively high permeability;within a certain range,the porosity is relatively high,which is favora

通过深入分析次生孔隙形成机制，取得以下认识：在封闭-半封闭的系统内，在储层流体入口处附近，溶蚀作用最强烈，孔渗性最高，是次生孔隙发育带的“甜点”区。受溶蚀性流体流动方向的影响，次生孔隙发育带内的渗透率优势方向将与原生孔隙带的优势方向有所不同，溶蚀程度较高时，渗透率优势方向将与流体宏观流动方向一致。

By in-depth analyzing the mechanism of secondary-pore formation, new views were obtained as follows:in a closed to semi-closed system, the dissolution is the most intense, the porosity and permeability are both the highest near the entrance of reservoir fluid, where is the“sweet spot”of secondary pore development zones;The predominant direction of permeability in secondary pore development zones will be different from that in the primary pore development zones under the influence of flowing direction of dissolution fluid. If the corrosion degree is high enough, the predominant direction of permeability will be in accordance with the macroscopic flowing direction of fluid.

本文讲述了对页岩气的基本认识,并对其存在特点、应用价值进行了概述。结合国内外近年来在页岩气领域的勘探开发现状,提出了地震勘探技术在页岩气勘探时应着重解决的几个方面,即寻找页岩区构造,页岩层储层标定,页岩的厚度和埋深,并利用地震属性技术对页岩气敏感属性进行优选、分析和提取,最终实现对页岩气"甜点"的预测。

This article tells us basic understanding about shale gas, then summarizes their characteristics and the value of applica-tions. Combines inland and abroad exploration and development present situation in the field of shale gas in recent years.Meanwhile,the article proposes us several aspects should be focused on about the technology of seismic exploration in shale gas, that is structure for shale area, reservoir calibration for shale formations, the thickness and depth of shale, optimalizes,analyses,and extracts sensitive proper-ties by using the technology of seismic attributes in shale gas.in finally,we can realize the prediction of“The dessert”on shale gas.