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双语推荐：电磁屏蔽

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随着电磁环境污染的日益严重，探索高效的电磁屏蔽材料已成为材料研究中亟需解决的问题。介绍了电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽机理和常用的测试屏蔽效能的方法；按照金属和导电聚合物电磁屏蔽材料两大类，综述了近些年电磁屏蔽材料制备与应用领域方面的研究；并对电磁屏蔽材料的发展前景进行展望。
With the deterioration of electromagnetic environment,it is quite urgent to explore a range of effective electromagnetic shielding materials in the field of material development.In this paper,the mechanism and nor-mal measurements were simply introduced,and according to classification of metal and conducting polymer ma-terials,advances in preparation and application of electromagnetic shielding materials were reviewed,what’s more,further developments of electromagnetic shielding materials were also proposed.

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电磁屏蔽材料是实现电磁屏蔽的物质基础。该文介绍了几种常见的建筑用电磁屏蔽材料的性能、特点以及研究与应用现状,并展望了建筑用电磁屏蔽材料的发展方向。
Electromagnetic shielding material is the material basis for the realization of electromagnetic shielding. The properties and characters,the study and application of several kinds of common electromagnetic shielding materials for building are introduced in this paper,and the development direction of these materials is pointed out.

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介绍了电磁防护服屏蔽效能的测量原理,通过对电磁防护服屏蔽效能进行测量,得出了电磁防护服屏蔽效能的数据。
The paper was introduced measuring principles of shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic protective clothing. Through measuring shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic protective clothing, the paper was obtained data.

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对于环境苛刻的电磁兼容环境下，常用电磁屏蔽材料已不能满足对设备及相关系统的保护作用，如高低温或强酸碱的特殊工作环境等，本文通过对比几种金属参数，并将Ti金属与其他性能优良的金属结合制备出高效能电磁屏蔽复合材料，利用法兰同轴测量电磁屏蔽效能法测得含Ti金属合金电磁屏蔽复合材料的电磁屏蔽效能在工作带宽7—15GHz下平均可达85dB。
This Ti metal with other physics parameters analysis of high performance metals and Ti metals as electromagnetic shielding composite materials prepared by magnetron sputtering process preparation of Ni-Cu-Ti metal alloys in electromagnetic shielding composite materials, and through the coaxial measuring flange with electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding composite Ti metal alloy in bandwidth 7-15GHz can reach 85dB.

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研究了膨胀石墨及镍铁氧体(NiFe2O4)插层膨胀石墨对水泥浆体电磁屏蔽性能的影响。利用同轴法兰法测试了填充不同改性石墨水泥浆体的电磁屏蔽效能。结果表明,填充镍铁氧体插层膨胀石墨水泥浆体的电磁屏蔽效能可在整个测试频段获得大幅提高,特别是显著改善了低频段(30~1 000 MHz)的电磁屏蔽性能。掺加15%镍铁氧体插层膨胀石墨水泥浆体的电磁屏蔽效能SE值最高可达26 dB。
The influence of expanded graphite and nickel ferrite (NiFe2 O4 )expansion graphite on electromagnet-ic shielding effectiveness (SE)of cement paste were researched in this paper.The SE value of cement paste filled different modified graphite was measured by a coaxial flange method.Results show that the SE of cement paste filled expanded graphite inserted by Ni-ferrite could be substantially increased in the whole testing fre-quency band.Especially,the SE of cement paste was obviously improved in the low frequency band (30-1 000 MHz).The best SE of cement paste filled expanded graphite inserted by 15% Ni-ferrite was 26 dB.

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文章首先给出了航天器电缆的电磁兼容性（EMC）设计准则，分析了屏蔽电缆的屏蔽皮接地原则和原理；讨论了多根屏蔽电缆束外加整体屏蔽的作用及注意事项，给出了几种常用的屏蔽皮接地设计方式以及屏蔽性能优劣对比，指出目前国内航天器电缆常用屏蔽皮接地方式的不足；最后通过某微波遥感卫星上电缆屏蔽设计的应用案例，阐述了如何通过电缆屏蔽设计解决航天型号研制中的电磁兼容问题，为航天器电缆网电磁兼容设计提供了经验参考。
The electromagnetic compatibility(EMC) designrationale is discussed in this paper, as well as the philosophy of the shielded cable’s grounding. Several cable shielding methods are analyzed in this paper, focusing on their different shielding efficiencies and application conditions. The detailed technique about the overshield of the shielded cable bundle and the shortcoming of some methods commonly used in our country are discussed. An example is given to show how to use the cable shielding method and how to improve the equipment and system’s electromagnetic compatibility.

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探究机箱金属板表面孔隙特性对于电磁屏蔽效能的影响是解决不同电子系统之间电磁干扰问题的关键所在。本文依托HFSS电磁仿真软件，采用矩形波导测试方法，通过大量对比实验研究了含不同特性孔隙金属板的电磁泄漏情况，从而得出提高金属板电磁屏蔽效能的方法。实验结果显示，改变孔隙形状、缩小孔隙开口尺寸以及增大孔隙深度都可以有效地改善金属板电磁屏蔽特性，从而减小电磁干扰的危害。
To explore the influence of pores in the metal plates on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is the key to solve the problem of electromagnetic interferences between different electronic systems. In this article, we simulated a large number of schemes based on the rectangular waveguide testing method by HFSS electromagnetic simulation software. We studied a large number of experiments to analyze electromagnetic leakage situation of different pore metal plates. It is concluded that how to improve the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the metal plates. The experimental results show that changing of pore shape, narrowing pore size and increasing porosity depth can effectively improve electromagnetic shielding properties of metal plates, so as to reduce the harm of electromagnetic interference.

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为了使光电侦察平台满足现代战场复杂的电磁环境要求，对某型光电侦察平台进行了电磁屏蔽设计。电磁屏蔽技术是抑制辐射干扰、提高系统电磁兼容性的最有效手段之一。分析了光电侦察平台在进行电磁屏蔽时的技术难点，根据其特有的技术难点，提出了一些实际可行的解决措施。对改进后的光电侦察平台进行了电场辐射发射(RE102)试验测试。测试结果表明经过合理的电磁屏蔽处理，可使光电侦察平台电场辐射发射值降低约10 dBμV/m，提高了光电侦察平台的电磁兼容性。综合采取屏蔽、接地及滤波等技术手段，可使光电侦察平台的电磁兼容性满足GJB151A-1997中的规定。
In order to satisfy complicated electromagnetic environment, electromagnetic shielding for electro-optic reconnaissance platform was designed specially. Shielding is one of the most effective methods for inhibiting radicalization interference and improving electromagnetic compatibility(EMC) of the system. Shielding difficult points of electro-optics reconnaissance platform was analyzed in detail, and the resultful measures were taken to solve the problem of radicalization interference for electro-optics reconnaissance platform. Radiated emission (RE102) tests were made to prove the effects of the improved reconnaissance electro-optics platform. Test results show that the degree of RE102 can be reduced about 10 dBμV/m, and the EMC of electro-optics reconnaissance platform is improved. Through the combination of analyses and calculations by shielding, grounding and filtering, the EMC of electro-optics reconnaissance platform can satisfy the requirements of standard GJB 151A-1997.

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本文讨论了雷电电磁脉冲的危害，包括传导浪涌、辐射电磁场、感应电压，分析雷电电磁脉冲的特性；并以磁屏蔽为主介绍雷电电磁脉冲的防护，以及磁屏蔽材料的选择。
This paper discusses the dangers of lightning electromagnetic pulses, including surges conduction, electromagnetic radiation, and induced voltage. Then it analyzes the characteristics of lightning electromagnetic pulses. Finally, it introduces lightning electromagnetic pulse protection, mainly magnetic shielding, as well as the selection of magnetic shielding material.

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以银导电介质沉积锦纶6获得导电纤维，并进一步开发电磁屏蔽面料，分析面料厚度、耐磨处理等因素变化，研究其电磁屏蔽效能及其稳定性。结果表明，锦纶6导电面料的电磁屏蔽效能超过50 dB，尤其是经过两层复合后，在频域为350~3000 MHz内，其屏蔽效能达到70 dB，且具有优异的稳定性。
We study the electromagnetic effectiveness and stability through deposition on silver conductive medium to obtain conductive fibers of nylon 6 and further development of electromagnetic shielding fabric, fabric thickness analysis, abrasion treatment and other factors change. The results show that the conductive fabric effectiveness of nylon 6 is more than 50 dB, especially after the two-layer composite within 350-3 000 Mhz frequency domain, its shielding effectiveness is 70 dB and own an excellent stability.

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