目的了解某企业噪声作业工人听力损伤情况的动态变化,为控制和消除职业性听力损伤的发生提供依据。方法回顾性分析我单位对某企业接触噪声作业且工作岗位相对固定的工人2008-2012年的纯音听力检查结果,并对听力损害与工龄、年份、工种(车间)的关系分别进行统计学分析。结果有效调查1929人次,高频听力损失检出率为11.51%(222)显著高于语频听力损失检出率8.09%(156)有统计学意义(χ~2=12.78,P0.01);2008年与2012年高频及语频听力损失差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。其余各年份间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);工龄组在6年与9年比较时,高频及语频听力损失差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。其余各年龄组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);工种(车间)不同听力损失有差异,综合车间、工艺车间L_(Aeq 8h)(8 h等效连续A声级)噪声暴露水平高的岗位,听力损伤程度大于噪声暴露水平低的岗位。结论噪声暴露时间越长、暴露水平(剂量)越高,听力损伤率越高,且高频听力损失明显高于语频听力损失。

Objective To understand the status of hearing impairment in workers working in the noise environment at an en-terprise for controlling and eliminating occupational hearing damage. Methods Test of Audio acuity was retrospectively summed up in noise exposure workers in an enterprise from 2008 to 2012. The database was set up and the statistical analysis was processed with SAS software. Results Totally 1929 workers were effectively investigated. The high-frequency hearing loss rate (11. 51%) was higher than the speech-frequency loss rate(8. 09%)(P 0. 05),both in group of 9 years working ages were all higher than those in group of 6 years working ages(P<0. 05),Both were no significant difference between the remainder group of working ages. Hearing damage degree in working post with higher noise expo-sure was higher than that in. working post with low noise exposure. . Conclusion Noise is harmful to the hearing capacity of work-ers. There was higher and higher rate of hearing impairment wit

目的对稳态噪声与非稳态噪声导致的工人听力损伤进行对比分析。方法将某船厂组立车间和内业车间的96名接触非稳态噪声的工人作为非稳态噪声接触组,将某织布厂的96名接触稳态噪声的捻丝、假捻丝和织布工人作为稳态噪声接触组。用个人声暴露计采集工作期间噪声暴露数据,计算40h等效声级(LEX,周)和累积噪声暴露量(CNE)。按GBZ 49—2007《职业性噪声聋诊断标准》对两组工人进行听力测试,并计算和判定结果。结果非稳态噪声组CNE为(100.3±2.1)dB(A)·a,稳态噪声组CNE为(99.6±4.3)dB(A)·a,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。非稳态噪声组高频听力损伤率达17.7%,稳态噪声组高频听力损伤率达20.8%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。非稳态噪声组与稳态噪声组组内不同工种组间CNE比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在CNE接触水平一致的情况下,稳态噪声与非稳态噪声(除脉冲噪声之外)引起的听力损伤差异无统计学意义。

Objective To compare the difference of effects on hearing injury between steady state noise and non-steady state noise.Methods 192 workers were selected as the subjects of present study,including 9 6 workers exposed to non-steady state noise from a shipyard and 9 6 workers exposed to steady state noise from a weaving factory.The individual noise dosimetries were used to measure noise that workers were ex-posed to.LEX,W and cumulative noise exposure(CNE)were then calculated.On the basis of GBZ 49-2007,the workers?hearing was tested,and the results were assessed.Results There were no differences of CNE be-tween group exposed to non-steady state noise and group exposed to steady state noise.The hearing inj ury rate at high frequency was 17.7% in workers exposed to non-steady state noise and 20.8% in workers exposed to steady state noise,no statistical difference between these two groups(P>0.05)was found.But there were differences of CNE among different types of work in both groups(P<0.05)