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双语推荐：艾克

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《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》代表了福克纳短篇小说创作的最高成就。福克纳运用现代主义写作手法，通过艾米丽的悲剧人生揭示特定历史时期南方人矛盾的精神世界，探索人类心灵冲突这一永恒的主题。
A ROse fOr Emily represents Faulkner''s greatest achievements in the writing of short stories. Modernist writing techniques are skillfully used by Faulkner to tell the tragic life of Emily to show the incompatible inner spiritual world of American South in a spe-cific period which is aimed at exploring the eternal theme of conflicts in human heart.

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《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》是福克纳发表在国家级刊物上的第一篇小说,也是福克纳被讨论最多的短篇小说。理解这篇作品需要注意的问题很多,在文本细读的基础上,对以下三个问题进行分析:故事的叙述者,艾米丽一生中的大事件,艾米丽的四个形象,从而为深入分析这篇作品提供较全面的信息。
A Rose for Emily is Faulkner''s first work published by the national magazine. It is also the most-frequently discussed short story written by Faulkner. On the basis of a detailed study of the story, the paper aims to analyze it from three aspects:the narrators, Emi-ly''s life story, and Emily''s four images.

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《献给艾米莉的玫瑰》是福克纳最负盛名的短篇小说,近年来国内研究者对它的关注持续升温进行了多角度的分析。这篇小说中明暗交织着多组关系,对这方面的系统研究还没有看到。《献给艾米莉的玫瑰》中的几组重要关系有:美国南北之对立关系,白人和黑人之种族关系,艾米莉和霍默·巴伦之恋人关系,艾米莉和黑人托布之主仆关系,艾米莉和父亲之父女关系,艾米莉和镇民之微妙关系。它们都与艾米莉的悲剧人生息息相关。
A masterpiece of William Faulkner ,A Rose for Emily has been drawing more and more attention from Chinese researchers who have made studies of this short story from many different perspectives .This story is intermixed with many relationships .The corresponding literature obviously shows that there is a lack of study on interpreting these important relationships .This paper aims to analyze these relationships :antagonistic relationship between North America and South America ,the racial relationship between the w hites and the blacks ,the romantic relationship betw een Emily and Barron ,the master-servant relation-ship between Emily and Tobe ,the father-daughter relationship between Emily and her father ,the sensitive relationship betw een Emily and the tow nspeople .

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作为一位二十世纪美国南方的文学巨匠,威廉·福克纳十分关注社会动荡时期的人类发展和人类命运,并试图通过其文学作品帮助人类摆脱精神危机。本文旨在探讨他的短篇小说《熊》中两位福克纳式英雄身上所体现出的勇气精神。具体来说,勇气精神首先体现在一位史诗般的英雄身上,即一只老熊,面对人类工业文明对大自然造成的生态破坏,它勇敢地与人类进行着对抗。其次,勇气精神从艾克这位美国青少年四年的狩猎经历中得以体现,在狩猎经历中,艾克对人生有了新的领悟。
As a master of twentieth Century USA Southern Literary, William Faulkner pays more attention to human development and human destiny in the period of social unrest, and attempts through his literary works to help people out of mental crisis. This paper aims to explore the two Faulkner heros who embody the spirit of courage in his short stories"bear". Specifically, the courage spirit first reflects in an epic hero, is an old bear, in the face of the ecological damage to nature caused by human industrial civilization, it bravely against human. Secondly, the courage spirit is reflected from the America adolescents’ four years hunting experience, in hunting experience, Aike has the new comprehension to the life.

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艾略特的早期诗作《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》中，“时间”不仅是表达主题的手段和技巧，而且以主题内容的形式出现于叙事过程之中，以揭示主题思想。艾略特借助普鲁弗洛克的内心独白，将有限的现实时间下人物的心理过程投射于他的意识反映上，形成了广阔的叙事时空，并通过对“时间主题”叙事功能的揭示与运用，呈现以普鲁弗洛克为代表的现代人的内心状态和生存环境，反映西方人日趋严重的异化感。
In T.S.Eliot’ s early representative poem “The Love Song of J .Alfred Prufrock”,“time” is not only the narrative technique adopted for manifesting the theme , but also the thematic content of the poem .Through Prufrock ’ s interior monologue and the employment of the “theme of time”, Eliot reveals to us the protagonist ’ s psychological world with the flow of his consciousness , thus, bringing to light the psyche of the “modern man” in predicament represented by Prufrock .

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在福克纳的短篇小说《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中，艾米丽的变态心理和悲剧一生一直都是评论家们讨论的热点。学者们多从心理分析和女性主义视角探寻艾米丽自我意识缺失和受父权制禁锢、摧残的一面。该文将从艾米丽的文化身份出发，分析其不是作为普通的女性，而是作为南方淑女的代表，被神圣化和非人化对待的原因。进而探讨艾米丽背负的南方文化守护者的使命，受到的家庭和社会的双重束缚，有过反抗却最终走向极端的悲剧根源。
In Faulkner’s short story“A Rose for Emily”, Emily’s abnormal psychology and the tragic life are the main focus of the critics. Using psychoanalysis and feminist perspective to seek the root causing her tragedy, the critics focus on the absence of Emily’s self-consciousness and the devastation from the patriarchal society. This paper attempts to analyze Emily in light of her cultural identity as a Southern lady. She is not an ordinary woman but a sanctified and dehumanized representative of Southern la-dyhood. As Palladium of the Southern culture, she is repressed by the patriarchal individual and community, and resists every change to retain the past in her own way. Her life is constrained by her cultural identity.

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《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》是美国作家威廉·福克纳最著名的短篇小说之一，小说描述了女主人公艾米丽悲惨，空虚的一生，是日渐衰落的贵族阶级的象征，也是新旧制度更替的牺牲品。女主人公艾米丽诡异的行为和举止一直是小说中的悬念，小说也是在神秘的氛围中展开的，因而从女性主义批评的角度对这种哥特行为进行分析：艾米丽是旧传统势力和妇女道德观的牺牲品；父权制社会制度下男权压迫的结果；艾米丽对这些压迫的反抗。
“A Rose for Emily”, one of the most famous short stories written by William Faulkner, depicts the miserable and emp?ty life of the female protagonist Emily, the idol of the awane aristocratic class. Emily ’s gothic and crazy behaviors are gradually re?vealed in a mysterious atmosphere. The gothic is explored from the feminism criticism approach on three aspects, namely, oppres?sion of the conventional system, oppression of male dominance in the patriarchy society and Emily ’s rebellion against convention?al forces.

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玛格丽特·阿特伍德的代表作《盲刺客》因其构思独特而获得2000年的布克奖。该小说讲述了艾丽丝·蔡斯由盲从到其女性觉醒、反抗的一生。通过剖析艾丽丝不平凡的人生以揭示女性的自我解放之路。
The Blind Assassin, Margaret Atwood’s representative work, won the Booker Prize in 2000 for its unique design. The novel shows the readers Alice and her feminism consciousness. Through the anaysis of Alice, the way to self-liberation for the women is lightened.

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在艾丽丝·沃克看来，黑人男性对同族的黑人女性的性别压迫是对白人主宰下的男性霸权势力的丑陋复制，其与种族歧视和阶级压迫一起，制约着黑人女性主体性精神的发展，并使黑人女性处于各种话语和权利的边缘地位。艾丽丝·沃克在其创作实践中，从“女性主义”的理论视角出发，修正了种族歧视话语和性别主义话语，并倡导两性间的和谐，以使黑人民族走向解放之路。
In Alice Walker’s view,sexual oppression from black men on black women is the ugly duplica-tion of male hegemony dominated by the white.Sexual oppression,together with racial discrimination and class oppression,is restraining the development of the black female subj ectivity spirit,putting black fe-males at the margins of all kinds of discourses and rights.Walker corrects not only racial discrimination discourse but also sexual oppression discourse from the theoretical perspective of womanism.Moreover, she advocates gender harmony which can help black people achieve liberation.

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美国著名黑人女性作家艾丽斯·沃克提出"妇女主义"这一概念,将黑人女性身份的建构从白人女性主义话语、黑人男性传统话语的从属地位中分离出来,开启了黑人女性性别、阶级及种族三重身份建构的历程,突显了以黑人妇女为出发点的黑人女性主义思想。在多元文化并存的时代,中国国内对艾丽斯·沃克的黑人女性主义思想的接受和影响研究日趋成熟,研究的视野更加广泛,影响也更加深远。
Alice Walker’s womanism separates the black women’s identity construction from the white feminism and the black men’s writing tradition.It opens a new stage for the black women’s identity construction from sex,class and race perspectives,which highlights Walker’s womanism.In the multi-cultural era,Alice Walker’s womanism has been studied and spread in China with wider scopes and profound influence.

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