目的了解昆明地区乳牙融合牙的发生情况及分布特点。方法采用横断面研究方法,随机对3 116名3~6岁儿童进行口腔检查及记录。结果 3 116名儿童中乳牙融合牙发生率为2.73%,男女性别之间无统计学差异;在85例融合牙患儿中,76例(89.41%)发生于下颌,71例(83.53%)发生于单侧,14例(16.47%)两侧均有融合牙,且为对称性分布;在99颗融合牙中,16例(16.16%)发生龋坏,左右两侧发生率无统计学差异。结论乳牙融合牙有一定的发生率,好发于下颌前牙区,儿童口腔科医生应给予重视并密切观察,及时防治因乳牙融合继发的牙体牙髓、根尖周疾患,以及错牙合畸形等,将乳牙融合牙对儿童口颌系统的危害降至最低。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of fused teeth in primary dentition of preschoolers in Kunming. Methods 3 1 16 children aged from 3 to 6 years old were randomly enrolled in a cross-sectional study.Fused teeth were assessed through visual examinations.Results Among the 3 1 16 subjects,a total of 85 individuals(2.73%)presented with fusion of primary teeth without sex predilection.The fused teeth were typically located in the lower anterior region(89.41 %),and mainly occurred unilat-erally(83.53%).Of the 99 fused teeth,7 (17.17%)was accompanied with caries,without predilection between left and right side. Conclusions A certain number of children suffer from fused teeth,which may cause series of complications,and pediatric dentists should pay more attention to fused teeth.

目的探讨建立具有高质量牙列的下颌骨三维数字化解剖模型。方法用激光扫描获取1套标准下颌牙列解剖标本的精确三维模型,用CT扫描数据重建下颌骨三维模型,使用基于几何和图像解剖标志的配准变形方法将每颗牙齿模型对齐融合到下颌骨模型,进一步生成牙齿的牙釉质、牙本质、牙周膜。结果成功建立了具有高质量牙列的下颌骨三维数字化解剖模型,每颗牙齿具有牙冠细节和完整的牙根,区分牙釉质、牙本质、牙周膜,可以对任意解剖区域放大和旋转观察,显示解剖标志。结论高质量牙列的下颌骨三维数字化解剖模型具有逼真的三维显象和方便的教学学习功能,可用于口腔、颌面、解剖等多个学科。

Objective To study and establish a high quality digital 3D anatomical modeling of the mandible with full teeth.Methods A set of accurate digital models of standard anatomical specimens of mandibular teeth were obtained by laser scanning, and the 3D mandible model was reconstructed by CT scan data;then, a registration deformation method based on the geometry and image anatomical landmark was employed to do the registration of each tooth to the mandible model, and finally the tooth enamel , dentin, periodontal ligament were generated .Results A high quality digital 3D anatomical modeling of the mandible with full teeth was built , each tooth had detail crown and whole root , the distinction between the enamel , dentin, periodontal ligament , and any anatomical regions can be zoomed and rotately displayed . Conclusion The digital 3D anatomical modeling of the mandible with full teeth has realistic 3D imaging view and convenient teaching-learning function , and has tremendous apllication f

针对传统种植方法容易产生植入位置不正和虚拟设计手术难转移问题,文章设计一种基于VTK可视化类库实现新型的CT图像三维虚拟牙种植导航系统;通过对能提供详细软组织,植入区牙颌骨及相邻解剖结构的CT数据进行预处理,三维重建,三维切割与测量;医生能在此系统中参考种植体、邻牙及相关牙骨结构,进行虚拟种植体植入位置、尺寸、角度的设计并通过配准融合的方法生成种植导航导板;实验结果表明:该系统能真实直观地再现牙颌骨全貌,准确地把虚拟手术转化到实际手术中,提高了牙种植修复效果。

In view of the traditional planting methods are prone to implant malposition and virtual design operation difficult to transfer problems,this paper designs a VTK visualization class library to realize new 3Dvirtual tooth planting navigation system based on CT image. Then,the doctor can refer to implant in the system and adjacent tooth and tooth structure,carries on the virtual implants implanted position, size,Angle of design.The generation method of registration and fusion implant guide.The experimental results show that the system can truly reproduced picture of teeth and jaws,accurately the virtual operation into actual operation,improve the effect of dental implant.

背景:大量研究证实釉基质蛋白可促进成骨细胞和成牙骨质细胞的再生,将其运用于牙周缺损治疗可达到接近生理性的牙周再生。目的:观察不同质量浓度釉基质蛋白对人牙周膜细胞增生、分化和迁移的影响。方法:取第3代人牙周膜细胞,以含不同质量浓度釉基质蛋白(0,12.5,25,50,100,250 mg/L)的无血清DMEM培养基培养。培养24 h后,采用3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入法检测细胞增殖,MTT法检测细胞活性;培养48 h后,检测细胞碱性磷酸酶活性及骨钙素分泌;待细胞融合为单层,去除细胞培养液,以移液管头将单层细胞制备出1 mm宽的细胞切口,持续24 h观察细胞融合情况。结果与结论:当釉基质蛋白质量浓度在0-100 mg/L范围内,随着其质量浓度的升高,细胞增殖、活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素分泌均逐渐升高,以100 mg/L升高最明显;当釉基质蛋白质量浓度增至250 mg/L时,细胞增殖、活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素分泌均有所下降,但仍高于0 mg/L组。100 mg/L组在初始观察6 h时,创缘周围的细胞开始向中心生长,待培养12 h时,创缘两侧细胞开始融合,培养20 h后创缘两侧细胞融合完全创缘完全关闭完全,创面愈合优于其他质量浓度组。结果表明釉基质蛋白具有促进牙周膜细胞增殖、分化与迁移的能力。

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have confirmed that enamel matrix proteins can promote the regeneration of osteoblasts and cementoblast, and then it can achieve approaching physiological periodontal regeneration in the treatment of periodontal defects. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of different concentrations of enamel matrix proteins on proliferation, viability, differentiation and migration of human periodontal ligament cels. METHODS: The human periodontal ligament cels at the third generation were gained, and then cultured in serum-free DMEM containing different concentrations of enamel matrix proteins (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 250 mg/L). After 24 hours of culture, proliferation and viability of periodontal ligament cels were measured using [(3)H]-thymidine uptake and MTT assay. After 48 hours of culture, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin production were detected with commercial available test kits. When the cels grew as a monolayer, the cel culture fluid was remo

目的 研究慢性氟中毒对大鼠神经细胞线粒体融合基因Mfn1表达及线粒体形态的影响.方法 将60只1月龄清洁级SD大鼠以单纯随机法分为3组,每组20只,雌雄各半,分笼喂养.以饮水中加入氟剂量的不同,将大鼠分为对照组、低氟组、高氟组,染毒剂量分别为0、10和50 mg/L,分别在饲养3、6个月后,观察氟斑牙程度.采用透射扫描电子显微镜观察线粒体形态.用westernblotting和免疫组织化学方法检测线粒体融合基因Mfn1表达.结果 染氟组大鼠出现不同程度的氟斑牙,3个月时低氟组以Ⅰ度氟斑牙为主(16只),高氟组发生Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度氟斑牙分别为11、9只；6个月时低氟组发生Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度氟斑牙分别为14、6、0只,高氟组为6、13、1只；对照组均未出现.低氟组、高氟组在3个月时尿氟分别为(3.30±1.18)、(5.10 ±0.35)mg/L(F =3.18,P ＜0.05)；6个月时分别为(4.16±1.39)、(5.70±1.70)mg/L(F=3.17,P ＜0.05).3个月时,对照组大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞线粒体形态变化不明显,染氟组大鼠神经细胞线粒体均出现球状空泡状改变.Mfn1的蛋白免疫组织化学强阳性表达神经细胞数发生了改变,与对照组[(53.0±4.54)个]相比较,低氟组[(51.09±6.25)个]的改变无统计学意义(t=1.7,P＞0.05),而高氟组[(59.71 ±5.64)个]增

Objective To observe the mitochondrial fragmentation and the expression of mitofusion 1 gene in the cortical neurons of rats with chronic fluorosis,and to reveal their roles in mitochondria damage to neurons due to chronic fluorosis.Methods SD rats were divided randomly into three groups of 20 each (a half females and a half males housed individually in stainless-steel cages),and fed with the different doses of fluoride containing in drinking water (untreated control containing 0 mg/L fluoride,and low-fluoride and high supplemented with 10 and 50 mg/L fluoride,respectively).After 3 or 6 months exposure,the mitochondrial morphology of the neurons in rat brains were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),then the exprcssion of mitochondrial fusion gene,Mfn1,were detected by immunohistochemistry and western-blotting,respectively.Results Dental fluorosis was obvious in the rats exposed to excessive fluoride in their drinking water,that is,(16 rats out of 20) numbers o