岸基对海雷达探测舰船目标时会受到起伏海面的影响，形成电磁波传播的多径效应，对舰船目标雷达散射特性产生影响．根据电磁波传播的四路径模型，提出一种多径条件下舰船目标散射特性的统计分析方法，分析得出了起伏海面对舰船目标散射回波的平均影响系数，基于雷达方程指出该系数对雷达目标回波功率的影响程度．利用声波和电磁波之间的相似特性，采用水声测量实验的方式对多径条件下舰船目标回波特性进行了实验．实验结果验证了方法的有效性．

The ship targets detection of the shore-based radar would be affected by sea level, thus forming the multipath effect of EM wave propagation and having impacts on the radar scattering characteristics of ship targets. In terms of the four-path model of EM wave propagation, this paper proposes a statistical analysis method for ship target’s scattering characteristics in the condition of multipath, analyzes and obtains an average influence coefficient of ship target’s scattering echo affected by fluctuating sea level, and shows clearly the degree of influence of the coefficient on the echo power of radar’s target. By taking advantages of the similarity between sound waves and electromagnetic waves, the experiments are performed on the echo characteristics of ship target in the condition of multipath by means of the underwater acoustic experiments. And the results prove the effectiveness of this proposed scheme.

分析了超宽带雷达引信在动态作用下的目标散射特性。应用瞬态电磁散射理论和电磁波叠加原理，根据多点散射模型，引入雷达引信动态作用下的传递函数，分析了超宽带雷达引信在动态作用下的目标散射特性，建立了目标冲击响应函数，仿真分析了目标电磁波的辐射方向与脉冲宽度关系，得出高斯窄脉冲经一维超宽带阵列辐射后形成的合成脉冲波如何才能选择合适的阵列参数的结论。研究结论对于设计超宽带雷达引信具有重要的应用价值。

By using transient EM scattering theory and electromagnetic wave superposition principle,and pulling-in radar fuze transfer function under dynamic effect based on the mode of multi-point scattering, this paper analyzes the target scattering properties of the ultra wide band radar fuze under the dynamic effect,builds up the target IRF,analyzes the relationships between the target''s direction of electromagnet-ic radiation and the pulse width in simulation ,and obtains how the synthetic pulse wave formed through undergoing one-dimensional UWB array radiation by Gaussian monocycle to select appropriate array beam parameters .The research is of some significant value to the design of UWB radar fuze.

该文提出一种基于目标电磁散射模型的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)空中目标欺骗干扰算法,利用目标电磁散射模型对雷达回波进行调制,能够模拟遮挡、多次散射等目标散射特征,并包含目标的平动、姿态等运动特性,保证了虚假目标的逼真性。该算法计算量小,具有较强的实时性。通过仿真试验验证了欺骗干扰算法的有效性,并对算法的计算复杂性进行了分析。

Based on the electromagnetic scattering model, an algorithm of deception jamming for Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) aerial target is proposed. The simulated data of electromagnetic model is utilized to modulate the ISAR echoes, and thus the scattering characteristics of the target, such as shading and multiple scattering, can be simulated. Besides, the motion characteristics, such as translation and attitude, are also included. These ensure the fidelity of the false target. The proposed method requires less computation amount and is capable of real-time realization. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, and the computation complexity of the algorithm is also analyzed.

微波3维成像能够准确地从背景噪声中分离出目标的散射信息，适用于外场目标电磁(EM)散射特性的分析和研究，因而从3维合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像的角度研究目标电磁的散射特性是目前的一个新兴的热门课题。该文以此为背景，首先从Stratton-Chu积分方程出发详细推导3维SAR的近场波数域成像过程，解释3维SAR成像的物理意义；然后阐述基于3维SAR成像的雷达散射截面积(RCS)近远场变换原理，介绍3维SAR图像的散射中心提取方法，给出基于3维SAR成像的RCS近远场变换算法；最后通过FEKO软件进行了仿真实验，得到了5个点目标的RCS近远场变换的方位特性曲线和频率特性曲线，并通过与理论情况的对比，验证该算法在RCS近远场变换技术中的有效性。

Microwave 3-D imaging technique can accurately separate and extract the attractive targets from the background noise. So it can be utilized to analyze and study the ElectroMagnetic (EM) scattering characteristics of the outfield targets. Thus researching the EM scattering characteristics of targets from the perspective of 3-D SAR imaging is becoming an emerging hot field. Based on the background above, firstly, the near field 3-D imaging process in wave-number domain is deduced from the Stratton-Chu integral equation and the physical meaning of 3-D SAR imaging is explained. Then, the principle of targets’ Radar Cross Section (RCS) Near-Field-to-Far-Field Transformation (NFFFT) based on 3-D SAR imaging is elaborated and the method of scattering center extraction from 3-D SAR image is introduced and the algorithm of targets’ RCS NFFFT based on 3-D SAR imaging technique is presented. Finally, though some experiments using the FEKO software, five scattering points’ observing a

针对频率步进体制高分辨全极化雷达,本文研究了基于稀疏信号表示的高分辨全极化雷达成像,并提出了一种基于极化平滑l0范数算法的成像方法.算法中的联合稀疏性度量综合利用了目标在全极化下的散射特性,因而成像结果兼具全极化处理和稀疏优化算法的优点,不仅能以较少的观测回波获得高分辨距离像,还能全面准确反映目标全极化散射特性,有利于目标识别等进一步应用.仿真和暗室实测数据实验结果验证了本文方法的有效性.

For the stepped frequency high resolution full polarization radar ,high resolution full polarization imaging method using spare signal representation is studied ,and a novel imaging method based on polarization smoothed l0-norm algorithm is pro-posed in this paper .A new joint-sparsity is defined by exploiting the scattering characteristics of target in fully polarimetric channels synthetically in the presented algorithm ,thus the imaging results combine the merits of fully polarimetric processing technique and sparse optimization algorithm ,and can not only provide high resolution range profiles using limited measurements ,but also indicate the true polarimetric scattering characteristics of the target ,which are beneficial for further applications such as target recognition .Fi-nally ,the validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated using both simulated data and real data measured in an anechoic cham-ber .