中国幅源辽阔,南北跨度大,在自然气候环境的影响和人为因素的干扰下,不同地区土壤养分和土壤微生物种类、数量存在显著的空间差异,进而造成了土壤质量的空间差异。为了解中国东部天然林土壤养分和微生物多样性空间分布规律,本研究依据水热梯度变化特征采集了16个自然保护区52个典型森林土壤样方,测定了土壤养分和微生物指标,包括pH值、有机碳、有机质、总碳、总氮、总磷、总钾、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮、土壤微生物宏基因组丰度和香农多样性指数。研究发现,中国东部森林土壤养分含量较高,空间差异大,宏基因组香农多样性指数变异系数为0.03,属弱变异,速效磷变异系数为1.17,属强变异。土壤养分(除总氮、总钾外)、土壤微生物宏基因组丰度和香农多样性指数与纬度呈显著正相关。进一步采用主成分分析方法,得出了基于土壤养分和土壤微生物指标的土壤质量综合评价指数。结果表明,1)中国东部森林土壤质量综合指数与纬度呈显著正相关关系。2)较高的土壤养分含量和微生物多样性有利于提高土壤质量,它们在数值上表现为正相关关系,彼此之间存在一定的互作关系。本研究揭示了中国东部地区典型森林土壤养分、微生物多样性和土壤质量空间分异规律,为了解中国东部森林土壤状况以及土壤资源合理可持续利用与管理提供了科学依据。
China covers a territorial scope at large scale with a long distance from north to south. There exist obvious spatial differences between soil nutrition, and the species and amount of soil microorganisms under the impacts of climatic and anthropogenic factors, which then cause to the spatial differences of soil quality. In order to explore the spatial distribution of soil nutrient and microbial diversity of the virgin forests in the eastern China, the soil samples were collected from 16 natural reserves including 52 typical forests, basing on the characteristics of the changes of water thermal gradient. Some indexes of soil nutrient and microorganism were measured which include pH, organic carbon, organic matter, total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, available potassium, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, the Gene richness and Shannon''s diversity index of soil microorganism. The research found out that the nutrient content of fores
