[目的]明确在库尔勒香梨生产中香梨优斑螟所用防治技术。[方法]走访调查库尔勒香梨的主要种植区域香梨优斑螟防治技术。[结果]果农重视香梨优斑螟越冬代的化防控制,但对其发生规律不清楚,多数仅仅当做食心虫(梨小食心虫、苹果蠹蛾和香梨优斑螟)进行防治,而它们的发生时间存在很大差异;糖醋液对于香梨优斑螟诱集效果很好,在调查中使用其进行测报或防治的极为少见;该虫既可为害果实也可为害香梨主干和枝干的韧皮部,由于韧皮部虫斑明显,易造成树势衰落和伴随着腐烂病发生,果农普遍对其重视,但防效甚微。[结论]香梨优斑螟的综合防控技术水平较低,有必要加强香梨优斑螟发生规律和成灾机制的深入研究,结合生产实践制定科学的系统防控体系。

Objective To make clear the control methods of Euzophera pyriella Yang in Korla fragrant pear production. [Method] Investigating the control meth-ods of Euzophera pyriella Yang in the main planting areas of Korla fragrant pear. [Result] Farmers paid attention to the chemical control of the overwintering generation of Euzophera pyriella Yang, but not mastered its occurrence regular-ity. Most just controlled as the moth. But there was a big difference in the occur-rence time of Grapholitha molesta (Busck), Cydia pomonella (L.) and Eu-zophera pyriella Yang. The trapping ef-fect of sweet and sour liquid on Euzo-phera pyriella Yang was very good, but it was rarely used in forecasting and prevention of that pest. Fruits, brancheds phloem and trunk phloem of fragrant pear all could be damaged by Euzophera pyriella Yang. Farmers pay attention to that pest for the obvious in-sect spots in phloem, but received little control effect. [Conclusion] The further study on ccurrence regularity and disa

在田间条件下，对20年树龄库尔勒香梨设置不同缺素的施肥处理，研究营养元素缺乏胁迫下库尔勒香梨果实品质的变化。结果表明：施肥能明显促进香梨果实的生长发育，提高单果重和产量；改善香梨果实形状，提高香梨红晕果率及果实中还原糖和维生素C的含量；降低香梨果皮厚度、果实硬度及果实中总酸的含量。香梨果皮厚度、果实硬度、单果重和产量的施肥效应N＞K＞P；果形指数、红晕果率及果实中还原糖和维生素C含量的施肥效应K＞P＞N；果实中总酸含量的施肥效应N＞P＞K。

The author set different element deficiency for 20 years Korla fragrant pear in the field, and studied the variation of fruit quality under stress of nutrient element deficiency. The result showed that fertilization could promote the growth and development of fruit significantly. It not only could improve single fruit weight and yield, but also could improve fruit shape, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C, and then it could reduce pericarp thickness, fruit firmness and fruit total acid content. The effects of fertilizer to pericarp thickness, fruit firmness, single fruit weight and yield were in order of N>K>P; to fruit shape index, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C were in order of K>P>N;to the content of fruit total acid was in order of N>P>K.

为了探寻快速无损估测库尔勒香梨果实生物量的方法，通过实测库尔勒香梨果实的体积、鲜质量、干质量、果实的横径和纵径等基本参数，采用图像处理方法（Image J软件）对库尔勒香梨果实的顶视面积和侧视面积参数进行解析，建立了香梨果形参数与果实生物量之间的定量关系。结果表明：库尔勒香梨果实的顶视面积和侧视面积与果实生物量均呈显著相关关系，相关系数分别为0.94和0.96。这一结果说明利用果实顶视面积和侧视面积估测果实生物量的方法是可行的。

In order to establish an method to rapid nondestructive estimation of fruit biomass in Korla Fragrant Pear, some basic parameters were determined, including volume, fresh mass, dry mass, longitude and transverse diameters of fruits, and so on. The top view area and side view area of fruit were analyzed by using an image processing method (Image J software). A quantitative relationship among fruit shape parameters and biomass was established. The results show that both fruit top view area and side view area have signiifcant correlation relationships with its biomass, and the correlation coefifcients are 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. The results provide that it should be feasible to estimate fruit biomass based on fruit top view area and side view area.

为探讨库尔勒香梨的成熟规律，定量评价其成熟度及理化特征，以成熟过程中的库尔勒香梨为研究对象，研究库尔勒香梨理化指标随积温增长的变化规律，建立成熟度的量化评价方法。选取果实硬度值及可溶性固形物、叶绿素、维生素 C 含量为评价指标，检测成熟期间各指标随积温增长的数值。应用 SigmaPlot 软件对试验数据进行处理分析，建立库尔勒香梨的成熟规律的数学模型，并提出基于成熟规律的库尔勒香梨成熟度与理化指标间关系的量化评价方法。结果表明：所建模型可以描述积温和理化指标的联系，模型系数显著性P<0.0001；提出的方法可量化评价和预测积温、成熟度和理化指标间相互关系，相对误差均小于2.4%。研究结果可为库尔勒香梨的采摘期确定、成熟度评价和理化指标预测提供依据，为水果成熟度量化研究方法提供参考。

In this study, the Korla fragrant pear in the mature period was focused to investigate its mature rule and the variation tendency in the physical and chemical indicators with the increase of the effective accumulated temperature, as well as establish the quantitative assessment method for the maturity level. The pears chosen for the test had no mechanical damages and no pests, and the sizes were basically the same (diameter of 55-65 mm), which were picked on the campus of the Tarim University, with an age of 12 years. The area was located between 80°30′ - 81°58′ E and 40°22′ - 40°57′ N. A total of 1 200 pears were for the test, among which 800 were used to establish a mathematical model, picked in 2012 and 2013, and 400 for the validation of the model, picked in 2014. Based on the preliminary selection tests for indicators and the production situation surveys for Korla fragrant pear, the evaluation indexes were fruit hardness, soluble solid content, chlorophyll and vi

为了明确植物生长调节剂在库尔勒香梨生产中的施用效果，以20年生库尔勒香梨为试材，就不同种类不同浓度的植物生长调节剂喷施处理对库尔勒香梨果实性状与产量的影响情况进行了田间试验。结果表明：与不喷施任何试剂和清水的对照处理相比，喷施植物生长调节剂PBO、PP333和复硝酚钠均可提高库尔勒香梨的坐果率、单果质量和产量，降低果柄长度和果形指数。在提高库尔勒香梨坐果率和产量方面，PBO试剂的喷施效果比PP333和复硝酚钠试剂的好，其中喷施浓度为300倍的PBO试剂的效果最佳，比对照处理的坐果率和产量分别提高8.84%与63.41%。

In order to learn application effect of plant growth regulators in production of Korla fragrant pear, taking 20-year Korla fragrant pear as test materials, influences of spraying different plant growth regulators at different concentrations on fruit characteristics and yield of Korla fragrant pear were researched through ifeld experiments. The results showed that compared with the control treatment without spraying any reagent and clean water, it could increase the fruit setting rate, single fruit mass and yield of Korla fragrant pear, and decrease fruit stalk length and fruit shape index, to spray PBO, PP333 and sodium nitrophenolate. In terms of improving fruit setting rate and yield of Korla fragrant pear, PBO reagents had better spraying effects than PP333 and sodium nitrophenolate. And 300 times PBO reagent had best effect, and improve fruit setting rate by 8.84%and improve yield by 63.41%compared with the control treatment.