为了提高苯乙炔加氢反应中的苯乙烯选择性，本文采用“胶体-等体积浸渍”两步法制备了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂.利用高分辨率透射电镜（HRTEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、CO脉冲化学吸附、N2物理吸附、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）等技术表征了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的结构性质，考察了Cu/Pd摩尔比、Pd负载量以及金属引入顺序对Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3催化苯乙炔选择性加氢性能的影响.结果表明，与Pd/γ-Al2O3单金属催化剂相比， Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的苯乙烯选择性大幅度提高，尤其是当Pd负载量为0.3%（w），且Cu/Pd摩尔比为0.6时， Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3表现出优异的加氢选择性；在0.1 MPa和40℃下，当苯乙炔转化率为90%时，双金属催化剂的苯乙烯选择性可达95%；当转化率达到99%以上时，苯乙烯选择性仍保持在82%左右.分析表明， Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3中形成了Pd-Cu合金，但是两种金属间不存在电子转移， Cu对Pd的几何效应才是导致Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3苯乙烯选择性增加的主要原因.

A two-step method combining col oid synthesis and incipient wetness impregnation was developed for the preparation of bimetal ic Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, with the aim of increasing the selectivity to styrene in the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene. The structural properties of the catalysts were characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO-pulse chemisorption, N2 physisorption, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The effects of changing the Cu/Pd molar ratio, the Pd loading, and the order in which the Pd and Cu were introduced into the catalysts on the catalytic activity and selectivity were investigated. The results showed that Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3 exhibited much higher selectivity toward styrene than Pd/γ-Al2O3. In particular, Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3 with a Pd loading of 0.3%(w) and a Cu/Pd molar ratio of 0.6 displayed excel ent performance at 40 °C under 0.1 MPa H2,

采用等体积浸渍法制备了Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了KCl对该催化剂催化HCl氧化制Cl2反应性能的影响.当KCl的负载量为5 wt%时,Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和稳定性,可在较大的原料气空速变化范围内使用.在0.1 MPa,360°C,空速450 L/（kg-cat·h）和HCl/O2摩尔比为2：1的反应条件下,Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂上HCl转化率在100 h内保持85%以上.表征结果表明,Cu,K和La物种均高度分散于γ-Al2O3载体表面;一定量KCl的加入可降低Cu2＋→Cu＋的还原温度,从而提高Cu2＋活性中心的催化活性.

Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation for the catalytic oxida-tion of HCl to Cl2 at atmospheric pressure were investigated for the effect of KCl on the catalyst performance. Cu-K-La/γ-Al2O3 catalyst with 5 wt%KCl loading showed good activity and stability due to the promotion by KCl. It gave good activity over a wide range of space velocity of the feed gas and conversion of HCl above 85%, and it was nearly unchanged in activity after 100 h reaction at the conditions of 0.1 MPa, 360 °C, space velocity of 450 L/(kg-cat·h), and HCl/O2 molar ratio=2:1. X-ray diffraction results indicated that Cu, K, and La species were highly dispersed on the surface of theγ-Al2O3 support. H2 temperature-programmed reduction results indicated that the addition of KCl favored the reduction of Cu2+to Cu+and improved the activity of the active sites of Cu2+species for HCl oxidation.

采用水热合成法,合成了两种新型的Cu(Ⅱ)配合物:(1)Cu1Na1C9H16O12,为单斜晶系,I12/a1(15)空间群,a=13.524(2),b=11.221(1),c=18.410(2),α=90°,β=96.06(1)°,γ=90°,V=2 778.16(57)3,Z=8;(2)Cu2C18H20O18,为单斜晶系,P1 21/n1(14)空间群,a=8.570(1),b=18.855(1),c=6.845(3),α=90°,β=92.87(2)°,γ=90°,V=1 104.68(50)3,Z=2。

Two types of Cu(Ⅱ) complexes were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction,: (1)Cu1Na1C9H16O12 monoclinic, space group I12/a1(15), a=13.524(2)?, b=11.221(1)?, c=18.410(2)?, α=90°,β=96.06(1)°, γ=90°, V=2 778.16(57)?3, Z=8; (2)Cu2C18H20O18 monoclinic, space group P1 21/n1(14), a=8.570(1)?,b=18.855(1)?, c=6.845(3)?,α=90°,β=92.87(2)°,γ=90°, V=1 104.68(50) ?3,Z=2.

选择氯丹、硫丹和灭蚁灵为目标污染物，以实际污染场地土壤为对象，研究了表面活性剂强化微米Cu／Fe双金属对水和土壤泥浆中有机氯农药的降解效果。结果表明，非离子表面活性剂Triton X－100（ TX－100）强化效果优于阴离子的十二烷基磺酸钠（ SDS）。 TX－100强化微米Cu／Fe体系能实现水中有机氯农药的快速高效降解，最佳TX－100浓度为0?1 mmol·L－1。处理12 h后，γ－氯丹、硫丹和α－氯丹的降解率接近100％，灭蚁灵的降解率达到85?2％。对于土壤泥浆体系，偏酸性pH值对微米Cu／Fe的还原活性有重要作用。加入TX－100显著促进了微米Cu／Fe双金属对土壤中有机氯农药的还原降解（ P＜0?05）。 Cu负载量的提高增强了污染物的降解去除效果。当m（土）∶ V（水）为1∶5、土中Fe投加量w为10％、Cu负载量为5?0％、TX－100浓度为5?0 mmol·L－1、pH 值为4～5时，处理72 h后，γ－氯丹、硫丹、α－氯丹和灭蚁灵的降解率分别为83?5％、68?1％、86?8％和70?1％。 TX－100强化微米Cu／Fe双金属还原降解是一种有效的有机氯农药污染土壤修复技术。

Chlordane, endosulfan and mirex were selected as target pollutant in bench scaled experiments using surfactant?enhanced microscale Cu/Fe bimetal to degrade organochlorine pesticides ( OCPs ) in water and soil slurry. Results show that Triton X-100 ( TX-100) , a nonionic surfactant, exhibited higher stimulative effect on Cu/Fe reactivity than sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS) , an anionic surfactant, did. The TX-100-Cu/Fe system could degrade OCPs in water rapidly and efficiently. The optimal TX-100 dosage was 0?1 mmol·L-1. Twelve hours after treatment, the degradation rate of γ-chlordane, endosulfan andα-chlordane reached nearly 100%, and that of mirex was also as high as 85?2%. In treating soil slurry, acidic pH was very important to a high reducing activity of the microscale Cu/Fe particles. The addi?tion of TX-100 greatly promoted the effect of microscale Cu/Fe degrading OCPs in soil slurry. A higher proportion of Cu in the bimetal system led to enhanced removal of contamin

为了考察矿井乏风低浓度甲烷的催化燃烧性能,以γ-Al2O3为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了不同活性组分Cu负载量和添加助剂Fe的CuO/Al2O3催化剂,在固定床反应装置上考察其对低浓度甲烷催化燃烧反应活性。用BET、XRD、H2-TPR对催化剂进行表征,结果表明,CuO/Al2O3催化剂对甲烷高温催化活性随Cu负载量的增加而降低,助剂Fe的加入能够提高CuO在Al2O3载体表面的分散度,负载助剂Fe的CuO-Fe/Al2O3催化剂具有更高的催化活性。Cu负载量为10%时,添加3%的助剂Fe,可使甲烷完全转化温度降低至640℃。

In order to investigate the catalytic combustion performance of coal mine ventila-tion air with low concentration methane,γ-Al2 O3 catalysts have been prepared with different a-mount of Cu with Fe as promoter supported on CuO/Al2 O3 by using volumetric impregnation method. The catalytic activity of low concentration methane combustion has been investigated in a fixed bed reaction device. The structure of catalysts has been characterized by using BET,XRD and H2-TPR technologies. The results showed that catalytic activity of methane conversion was decrease at high temperature as Cu loading increasing. The degree of CuO dispersion on Al2 O3 support has been increased by loading Fe as promote. The catalyst CuO-Fe/Al2 O3 loading Fe showed higher catalytic activity. The temperature of methane conversion complete to 640 ℃when had 10% Cu amount with 3% Fe as promoter.