棘突间撑开装置是治疗腰椎退行性变所致腰痛和间歇性跛行的一种有效方法,其中X-Stop系统研究较多,应用也较广泛。然而该装置在研究中也暴露出了一些问题,在生物力学设计上还不够完善,治疗效果存在争议,在一些研究中还出现了较多的术后并发症。本文重点对X-Stop系统研究中出现的各种问题进行反思。

Interspinous process (IPD) is an effective method for the treatment of low back pain and intermittent creep causing by lumber degeneration. There are many studies about the X-Stop system. X-Stop is also widely applied. However,the device also has exposed some problems in many studies. The biomechanical design and curative of X-Stop is not perfect. There are also many postoperative complications in some cases. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the problems of the X-Stop system.

针对GPS航海定位系统轨迹检测缺乏语义的特点,提出一种基于空间语义轨迹的GPS航迹行为特征检测方法。该方法使用OWL形式描述GPS航迹行为特征,构建本体行为特征库以及提取航迹行为之间的数据依赖关系,在此基础上运用启发式的搜索算法生成关于Stop序列集的语义轨迹。然后,通过基于语义描述ALC-Tableau的逻辑推理,将Stop实例集与行为特征库相匹配。最后,通过实验分析验证该方法的有效性。

The paper proposes a spatial-semantic trajectory based GPS tracking behavior signature detection method to remedy the lacking of semantics of GPS navigation positioning system trajectory detection.The proposed method describes GPS tracking behavior characteristics in OWL format,builds ontology behavior characteristics library and extracts data dependencies among tracking behaviors.On the above foundation it generates the semantic trajectory of Stop sequence set by heuristic search algorithm.Then it matches the Stop sequence set with behavior characteristic library by semantics-based description of ALC-Tableau reasoning.Finally a experiment analysis validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

针对传统煤矿安全管理工作中,行为安全管理侧重追究人的责任、主要依赖于罚款措施、对不安全行为的管理不够人性化等问题,结合我国煤矿实际,从实用性、可操作性角度出发,在STOP方法基础上,从安全行为委员会的设立、不安全行为数据库的建立、STOP观察表的设计、方法培训、确定观察人员和方法、行为观察数据的处理与统计分析、反馈措施等方面考虑进行了相应的设计。并在同煤集团进行了实施应用,对取得的经验进行了总结探讨。

For the conventional safety management in coal mines,the behavior safety man-agement usually pays attention on the assessment of person''s responsibility and then take actions by imposing a fine,which is dehumanization for the unsafe behavior management.In view of the actual situation of coal mines in China,the following respects were designed according to the practicability and operability on the basis of STOP method,including the foundation of safe be-havior committee,the establishment of unsafe behavior data base,the design of STOP observa-tion form,the manner training,the determination of observed people and manner,the treatment of behavioral observation data and statistical analysis,feedback measures and so on.This man-agement manner was applied to Datong Coal Mine Group,and the obtained experience was sum-marized and discussed too.

非煤矿山是典型的高危行业。为了规范作业人员的不安全行为,预防和减少生产事故,基于杜邦STOP系统及行为安全理论,通过行为观察、行为聚类,构建了非煤矿山不安全行为管理模型。对某大型非煤地下矿山的14类工种作业为期70天跟踪观察,收集统计生产作业中的不安全行为,通过分类整理,形成不同类别的不安全行为比例变化趋势图。结果表明:动力设备类、防护坠落类和其它类的不安全行为有明显的降低趋势;生产工艺类、常识危险类和供电系统类的不安全行为改善不明显。实例表明,基于杜邦STOP系统及行为安全理论的非煤矿山不安全行为研究具有实效性。

Non-coal mining is a typical high-risk industry .Unsafe behavior management model was built to restrain the unsafe act , prevent and reduce production accidents according to behavior observation and clustering based on Du Pont STOP system and behavior safety theory .The data of unsafe act in the work from 70 days of follow-up of 14 kinds of work in some large underground non-coal mine were collected and classified .And then the change trend chart of different kinds of unsafe behavior was made .The results show that the trend of the unsafe behavior of power equipment , fall protection and others is significantly lower , and the unsafe act of manufacturing technique , common sense danger and power supply system is unobviously improved .So the example shows that the unsafe behavior re-search of non-coal mine based on Du Pont STOP system and behavior safety theory has pragmaticality .

目的 探讨徐州地区一原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)家系的MYOC基因的突变位点.方法 对一四代POAG家系进行全面临床检查,对家系成员应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增MYOC基因所有外显子及相邻内含子,对其产物进行直接测序.对照组为门诊随机选取的30名健康者.结果 家系的遗传方式符合常染色体显性遗传,确诊年龄为13～29岁.在所有患者中均发现MYOC第三外显子密码子由TAC变为TAA,对应的酪氨酸转为终止密码(Tyr360STOP).无该突变的家系成员中无POAG患者,2例尚未发现明显青光眼体征的家系成员和对照组30名均未发现任何突变位点.结论 Tyr360STOP是江苏地区这一原发性开角型青光眼家系的致病基因,突变的表型是发病年龄较轻的青少年性开角型青光眼(Juvenile onset open angle glaucoma,JOAG),具有较高的外显率.

Objective To determine the possible mutation in the MYOC gene underlying POAG in Jiangsu glaucoma family.Methods The members in a four generation POAG family were examined by senior ophthalmologists.All coding sequences of the myocilin gene plus the flanking sites were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The control group was randomly selected from 30 healthy persons from outpatient using genomic DNA from all examined family members followed by sequencing of the PCR products.Results This family pedigree exhibited autosomal mode of inheritance,the onset age ranged from 13 to 29 years.A disease-causing missense mutation Tyr360STOP in the third exon of the myocilin gene was identified in all affected family members.None of the subjects without mutation had glaucoma.This mutation Tyr360STOP was not found in control group.Conclusions The myocilin sequence alteration Tyr360STOP is proved to be a disease-causing missense mutation.The mutation in this family is associated with a pheno