采用正交试验设计,探讨不同植物生长调节剂(GA3、6-BA、NAA)、不同浓度、不同浸泡时间对依兰香种子出苗天数、出苗率、苗高、地径的影响。结果表明:生长调节剂种类对出苗天数的影响极为显著,对出苗率的影响显著,对苗高、地径的影响不显著;处理浓度对地径的影响显著,对出苗天数、出苗率、苗高的影响不显著;处理时间对出苗天数、出苗率、苗高、地径的影响都不显著。3个因素对出苗天数以及出苗率的影响大小依次为:生长调节剂种类处理浓度处理时间。生长调节剂以GA3的效果最好。

The study of the influences of sprout days,sprout rate,seedling height, and the ground diameter of Cananga odorata seeds in the treatment of different growth regulators, different concentrations, and different time.The results showed that effects of growth regulators on the sprout days was extremely significant, and had significant effect on the sprout rate, and the effects on seedling height, and ground diameter were not significant; and the effect of concentration on diameter was significant, effects on number days, seedling sprout rate, and seedling height were not significant; The effects of processing time on seedling emergence days, seedling emergence rate,seedling height, and the ground diameter were not significant.The order of effects of these 3 factors on the sprout days and sprout rate were as follows:growth regulator>processing concentration>processing time.The growth regulator GA3 effect was best.

本文介绍分层抽样方法、误差分析以及分层抽样样本量的确定方法。以松花江干流捕捞抽样调查为例，介绍小规模渔业抽样调查的样本量的确定过程。选取方正、依兰、桦川境内渔船刺网作业进行地点分层，选取依兰境内刺网、张网作业进行作业方式分层抽样，同时将分层抽样结果和相应的简单随机抽样进行误差对比分析。结果表明：简单随机抽样误差是地点分层抽样的3.4倍，是作业方式分层抽样的5.2倍，说明分层抽样误差小、精度高。在经费允许条件下，分层抽样是渔业生产统计调查的首选方法。

This article deals with stratified sampling method, error analysis, and the determination of sampling number in stratified sampling. The process of determining the sample size of the survey of small-scale fisheries was described in an example of sampling survey of capture fisheries in main stream of Songhua River. The location stratified sampling was conducted in CPUE of gillnet fishing in Fangzheng, Yilan and Huachuan, and the capture pattern stratified sampling was carried out in stow net in Yilan. The stratified sam-pling results and the corresponding simple random sampling errors revealed that there was 3.4 times more error in simple random sam-pling than that in location stratified sampling, 5.2 times more than capture pattern stratified sampling, indicating the stratified sampling was characterized by less error and higher accuracy. Within the funding the stratified sampling method should be preferred in a fishery production survey.

近倾向断层发育的12°~25°的煤层是采用走向长壁开采还是采用倾斜长壁开采,没有一家权威机构给出定论。类似条件下甚至更大倾角的煤层采用倾斜长壁开采的回采工作面已近百个,均取得了较好的经济效益,技术可行。目前此方面的理论研究滞后于生产实践。以依兰三矿为例,利用价值工程理论方法,分析出倾斜长壁巷道布置方案的价值指数更高,经济效益巨大。从而得出结论:近倾向断层发育的12°~25°的煤层宜采用倾斜长壁开采,《煤炭工业矿井设计规范》的相关条款应予修改。

In the condition that the coal seam dip angle between 12o to 25o,as the same time, which accompanied by nearly tendency of faults development, to use of longwall mining or tilt longwall mining, there are not any one authority gives conclusion. Under similar conditions, even larger angle of coal seam using inclined longwall mining has nearly a hundred working face, and each mining face achieved good economic benefits and technical feasibility. At present domestic the aspects of theoretical research in this area lags behind the production practice. According to the actual geological condition in the third mining of Yilan, on the principle of value engineering show the value index of inclined long wall scheme is higher and proves that this scheme economic benefits is remarkable. To draw a conclusion in the coal seam dip angle of 12o to 25o accompanied by near fault dip development condition should adopt the inclined longwall downward mining and the relevant provisions of Coal Mine Industr

选取煤与油页岩共生典型盆地山东黄县盆地、辽宁抚顺盆地、黑龙江依兰盆地和内蒙古金宝屯盆地,综合分析了其成矿物质特点,认为共生背景下煤岩中的低等动植物和油页岩中的高等植物均比单一矿种下含量高。这一规律可用于勘探、开发煤或油页岩单一矿种时预测其共生矿种存在的可能性。对古气候的分析表明,气候变换在一定程度上制约着煤与油页岩的共生模式,这种共生模式可为古气候研究提供一定依据,反之,通过古气候的变迁也可帮助勘探、开发共生背景下的煤与油页岩。

Coals co-occur with oil shale in many basins of China. Generally, the proportion of lower animals and plants in coals is not prominently high in coal basins. Similarly, the proportion of higher plants in oil shale is often low in oil shale basins. Basing on data from 4 typical basins under co-occurring circumstances of coal and oil shale-Huangxian Basin from Shandong Province, Fushun Ba-sin from Liaoning Province, Yilan Basin from Heilongjiang Province and Jinbaotun Basin from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, analysis on metallogenic materials revealed that the proportions mentioned above were higher than in basins with single energy resourc-es, which may help in prospecting oil shale/coals when exploiting coals/oil shale. Paleoclimatic analysis on the 4 basins indicated that climatic transition influenced co-occurring modes to some extent. Therefore, co-occurring modes may act as an indicator in study on climatic transition, whereas, climatic transition may help to prospect co-occurr

为探明黔产流苏石斛茎与束花石斛茎中的挥发油组成及差异，采用固相微萃取技术分别提取贵州兴义野生流苏石斛茎与束花石斛茎中的挥发油，GC-MS法对其化学成分进行分析鉴定和计算相对百分含量。结果表明：从黔产流苏石斛茎与束花石斛茎中分离鉴定出化学成分62个和54个，其相对含量占挥发油总量的97．66％和96．65％；两者具有相同的挥发性化学成分40个，其主要成分均含有β-波旁烯、δ-杜松烯、反-2-辛烯醛等；其中，流苏石斛茎挥发油中相对含量最高的为β-波旁烯（47．53％），而束花石斛中相对含量最高的为依兰油烯（19．397％）。

The chemical components and relative percentage composition of volatile oil of wild D. fimbriatum and D.chrysanthum collected from Xingyi,Guizhou were analyzed and calculated by solid phase microextraction (SPME)and GC-MS to study composition and difference of volatile oil between D. fimbriatum and D.chrysanthum.The results showed that 62 and 54 chemical components are isolated and identified from D.fimbriatum and D.chrysanthum respectively,and the relative content accounts for 97.66% and 96.65% of total volatile oil amount separately.D.fimbriatum and D.chrysanthum both have the same 40 volatility chemical components,and main components areβ-bourbonene,δ-cadinene and (E)-2-octenal,etc.Theβ-bourbonene content of D.fimbriatum is the highest (47.53%)while muurdene content of D.chrysanthum is the highest (1 9 .3 9 7%).