旨在探讨英语长、短元音及元音音域的语音特征。发音时舌位在口腔中高低位置一直被认为是发好英语元音的重要因素,研究发现,除了长、短元音的音长特性差异外,即使在同一音域中,长、短元音还存在着更明显的特性差异,即元音的音域移动。这个发现纠正了一直以来认为的长元音时长较长,而短元音时长较短的片面性,可以帮助英语学习者摆脱长、短元音发音的困惑,也给英语学习者就如何正确地发好英语元音,提供更为明确的指导性的建议和资料,提高英语学习者辨别元音的信心和能力。

This study focuses on the space of English vowels and how each pair of tense-lax vowels can be identified according to the accurate phonetic features.The positions or heights of the tongue have been believed to be elements that determine how to pronounce a vowel.However,data in this study show that there is another feature that can tell the difference between the tense-lax vowels—the tense vowel and lax vowel in the same phonetic space move in various directions,mostly opposite to each other.This finding may help EFL learners in two aspects:recognition of these characteristics may benefit EFL learners in Nanchang Institute of Technology so that they can sense the subtle differences of the tense-lax vowel pairs and acquire confidence in English pronunciation.

选取平南县丹竹镇梅令村土话作为桂南平话语音研究中的一个点，通过整理该方言点的音系，运用实验语音学最新的语音格局理论对一级元音和二级元音进行了数据提取分析，制出了一级元音声学元音图和二级元音声学元音图。通过元音格局理论对所选方言点进行分析，考察该地语音的定位和分布，语音单位之间的相互联系与组合。

This article selects Pingnan Dan bamboo town village dialect as a point in the study of which Gui-Nan voice, through amany the point of the dialect sound system, and then on the basis of the theory of experi-mental phonetics shows the latest speech pattern on the point of primary vowels and secondary vowel data ex-traction, and analyse, and makes the primary vowels acoustic vowel chart and secondary vowels acoustic vowel chart. Based on the vowel pattern theory to analyze point selected dialect, to examine the voice of the location and distribution of phonetic unit between the mutual relation and combination.

论文利用《老乞大》三个谚解本之间的差异,对16—18世纪朝鲜语中的两个重要元音变化＂·＂[？]的消失分化以及后元音的音变进行了考察。研究指出,＂·＂[？]的消失和后元音的变化都与音节结构的限制有关。一般来说是第二音节发生变化的居多,第一个音节基本不变,受到辅音和收音的影响会出现例外。16—18世纪朝鲜语的元音变化符合阿尔泰语系＂首音节元音稳定＂这一特点。通过这一特点,我们可以进一步确认朝鲜语属于阿尔泰语系。

By comparing the three different versions of the book Nokeoltae Eonhae, this paper reexamines the vanishment of the vowel“?”[?] and the sound change of back vowels during the 16-18 century. The paper points out that the ifrst syllable vowels in Korean are very stable and are characteristic of “the stability of the initial syllabic vowel”of the Altay Language Family. Ramstedt claimed that Korean did not meet this rule because he overlooked the impact of adjacent consonants and ending of rhyme on the assimilation of vowels. According to this feature, we can further conifrm that Korean belongs to the Altay Language Family.

目的研究比较正常壮语儿童及不完全性腭裂、单侧完全性腭裂、双侧完全性腭裂壮语儿童的单发元音/a/、/i/、/w/的能量衰减指数:鼻腔共振指数(nasal resonance index,NRI)及VLHR(voice low tone to high tone ratio),探讨能够反映壮语不同腭裂类型过高鼻音特点的观察指标。方法应用Praat语音分析软件对15名壮语健康儿童及35例壮语腭裂儿童的语音进行声学分析。结果元音/i/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈高度正相关(r=0.79,P0.001);元音/a/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈中度负相关,相关系数(r=-0.69,P0.05);元音/w/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈低度负相关,相关系数(r=-0.36,P0.05)。元音/i/的VLHR与过高鼻音程度呈低度正相关(r=0.42,P0.05)。而元音/a/、/w/的VLHR与过高鼻音程度的相关性无统计学意义。结论鼻化元音的频谱特点与正常元音相比有明显不同,鼻腔共振指数能够有效的反映鼻化语音的声学特征,尤其是元音/i/、/a/可以作为客观评价的敏感音素。而VLHR不能有效反映鼻化元音的声学特征,因此还不能将其作为客观评价的指标。

Objective To compare two quantitative spectral analysis measures of nasality in children with cleft lip and palate and healthy controls of Zhuang nationality by using perceptual assessment, then gives a method of determining objective evaluation criteria for the nasality in different cleft types. Methods The results of voice acoustic analysis were got by using the phonetic software-Praat. Results Spearman correlation coefficients indicated a high positive correlation between NRI-i and ratings of nasality with a coefficient of correlation 0.79;NRI-a and listener judgements -0.69;NRI-w and listener judgements -0.36;VLHR-I and listener judgements 0.42;there were no difference between the measure of VLHR-a, VLHR-w and listener judgements. Conclusions There are some obvious different of frequency spectrum characteristics of nasalized vowels compared to oral vowels, nasal resonance index(NRI) can effectively reflect the acoustic features of nasalized vowels, especially NRI-I and NRI-a can be

日语语音学研究表明，日语元音中的[i]和[？]开口度相对较小，理论上存在发生脱落的可能。本文以1991年至2009年日语能力一级考试听力理解考题为考察对象，对「～ている」环境中元音[i]脱落分布进行了量化考察，同时分析了元音[i]脱落的影响因素。

The research of the Japanese phonetics confirms that the relatively smaller openness of the vowel [i] in Japanese results in the possibility of elision theoretically. Taking the listening comprehension questions of the JLPT-1 from 1991 to 2009 as the object of investigation, this paper makes a quantitative survey in the distribution of the vowel [i] elision in“teiru”and analyzes the factors influencing the elision of the vowel [i].