本文对插孔式分流器分流特性的影响因素进行了分析,找出分流器性能的三种结构影响因素。利用CFD模拟,分析了三种结构影响因素下的分流均匀性,并得到分流性能最好的各个结构参数的最优值。将三种结构参数进行组合,提出了六种新型插孔式分流器的结构,通过模拟得出其中最佳的结构。参照模拟得到的最佳结构加工了三个样件,并进行整机实验。结果表明,进出口各插入5 mm的深度和出口倾斜30°的分流器性能最佳;模拟能够准确预测分流器的性能。

The influence factors for Jack-type distributors were analyzed, and three structural influence factors for the distributor performance were found. By employing the CFD method, the diffluent uniformity under the conditions of the three structural influence factors was analyzed, and the optimized structural parameters corresponding to the best distribution characteristics were obtained. Six novel structures for the Jack-type distributor were proposed by combining the three structural parameters, and the optimized one was found out by simulation. Three samples for the optimized distributor based on the simulation results were produced, and were tested on the system experimental rig. The results show that, the diffluent characteristics of the distributor with inclination angle of 30° and insertion depth of 5mm is the best, and the simulation can predict accurately the performance of the distributor.

针对新型泵送混凝土三通分流器进行混凝土压力损失试验。在试验研究的基础上,建立了包括三通分流器的有限元模型,对泵送混凝土的压力损失进行了模拟。根据试验和有限元分析结果,给出了不同混凝土强度等级的压力损失实用计算公式。试验结果表明,泵送混凝土通过三通分流器后,随着混凝土强度等级和流速的增大,坍落度的减小,压力损失逐渐增大。计算结果表明,建立的有限元模型和实用计算公式可以有效预测混凝土的压力损失。

The experiment on pressure loss of pumping concrete was done with the divider. Based on the experimental study,the finite element model of divider was built up and the pressure loss of pumping concrete was simulated. According to the test values and element analysis results,the calculated formulas of pressure loss of pumping concrete with different strength were obtained. The experimental results show that the concrete slump was decreased and the pressure loss was increased with the increasing of the concrete strength and its flow velocity. The calculated results show that the finite element model and calculated formulas can predict the pressure loss of pumping concrete effectively.

介绍了国产首套500kV直流电子式电流互感器的结构、原理、主要技术参数及工程应用情况。产品利用分流器传感直流电流；利用Rogowski线圈传感谐波电流；利用基于激光供能的远端模块就地采集分流器和Rogowski线圈的输出信号；利用光纤传送信号，可实现对直流电流和谐波电流的同时测量，具有绝缘结构简单可靠、体积小、质量小、线性度好、测量精度高、阶跃响应快等特点，实际工程应用表明，该产品运行稳定可靠，应用前景广阔。

Introduction was made to the structure, principle, main technical parameters and engineering application about the first domestic set of 500 kV DC electronic current transformers. This product made the shunt sense DC currents, the Rogowski coil sense harmonic currents, the remote module sample the output signals of the shunt and Rogowski coil based on laser energisation and the optical fiber transmit the measured signals, to realize measuring DC currents and harmonic currents at the same time. This product has the characteristics of simple insulation structure, small volume, light weight, good linearity, high accuracy, and quick step re-sponse. Practical engineering application shows that the product is stable and reliable in operation with broad application prospect.

为深入了解高温烟气绕分流器的流动特性，研究烟气是否会直接冲刷换热管。利用粒子图像测速(particle image velocimetry，PIV)技术对高温烟气绕分流器的流动特性进行了实验研究，实验选取烟气中的高温颗粒(粒径约为5μm)为示踪粒子，得到清晰的瞬时速度分布图。通过分析不同负荷下烟气速度场发现，当射流出口速度达到22 m/s 时，烟气射流具有较好刚性，烟气不会直接冲刷换热管。

In order to understand flow characteristics of high-temperature flue gas through shunt, this paper researched that whether flue gas would directly scour heat exchange tube. Flow characteristics of high-temperature flue gas around shunt were experimentally studied by particle image velocimetry. High-temperature particles (about 5μm diameter) of fuel gas was used as tracer particles in experiment, instantaneous velocity distribution was obtained. By analyzing flue gas velocity field with different load, when jet velocity is 22 m/s, flue gas jet has higher rigidity, and flue gas would not directly scour heat exchange tube.

目的探讨经胸彩色多普勒超声心动图在房间隔缺损(ASD)介入治疗中的临床价值。方法 30例中央型ASD患者,使用TTE进行术前筛选,多个切面测量ASD的大小及周边情况,选择封堵器型号,术中监测介入治疗过程,并对封堵成功患者进行术后随访观察。结果30例患者中,29例封堵成功,成功率为96.67%,其中1例封堵器释放后,可见少许残余分流,术后3d、1个月仍有少许残余分流,术后3个月分流消失,其余封堵器位置固定,无并发症发生;1例ASD患者因房缺缘较软,支持力度不够,封堵失败,行外科修补术。结论超声心动图作为一种安全、无创、简便的检测手段,在ASD介入治疗中具有重要的临床价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in interventional therapy of atrial septal defect (ASD). Methods TTE was performed in 30 cases of central type ASD before operation, the size of ASD and the surrounding structures were detected on various planes for occluder type selection. TTE was also applied for intraoperative monitoring and postoperative follow-up. Results In 30 patients, the ASD was successfully occluded in 29 patients with the success rate of 96.67%. Little residual shunt was observed in 1 case after occluder release,the shunt was observed 3 d and 1 month after operation, and it disappeared 3 months later. The position the occluder was fixed in other cases with no complications. In 1 case, the edge of the ASD was too soft to support the occluder, surgical neoplasty was performed after failure of occlusion. Conclusion As a safe, non-invasive, and simple method, TTE has important clinical value in interventional therapy of ASD.