传统意义上的圣经汉译是将圣经原文语言信息转换成汉语来表达,让读者在汉语语境下以汉语思维模式领悟圣经原文的语言信息。而中文代表字原文新约圣经与此相反,它是以汉语符号系统展现新约圣经希腊原文的"原貌",目的是让读者通过汉语进入希腊语原文语境,以希腊文的思维模式来体验经文原文信息,在翻译思想及翻译理念上具有很大程度的相"逆"性。试采用描述性翻译研究方法能够较好地阐释中文代表字原文新约圣经的翻译策略及其所体现的翻译思想与理念。

Traditionally,Chinese version of Bible is done by converting the source language information into Chinese to help readers to apprehend Bible’s source language information in Chinese context.And Greek New Testament in Chinese character symbol representing system is the opposite,the “original appearance”of Greek New Testament is shown in Chinese character symbol system,its purpose is to help readers to enter the source language context and learn source language information in Greek thinking mode,which is “inverted”to traditional translation ideas and concepts to a large degree.This paper tries to illustrate translation strategies and concepts embodied in Greek New Testament in Chinese character symbol representing system.

圣经中文译本是从英文译本翻译过来的。很多在中国国内和国外的学生们使用英文本和中文本圣经对照学习英文。然而，中文本圣经陈旧了，在一些字，一些词和一些句子等等中有很多翻译不正确的问题。例如：神、圣灵、太初、道、怀孕等等。这些翻译问题影响到对内容的正确理解。在这一篇文章中纠正了一些英文翻译的错误。按照灵－人的大脑－人体反映相关假说，人类应当多独立思考，做出正确选择。纠正圣经中的翻译错误不仅有益于英语学习，提高翻译质量。而且，有益于人类团结，进步，社会安定，和谐。

The Chinese version of the Holy Bible was translated from the English version over, and a lot of students in China and abroad learn English by reading both the English version and Chinese version side-by-side. However, the Chinese edition is out?dated and has many uncorrected problems in the translation of some words, phrases and sentences. For example:God, the Holy Spirit, in the beginning, Word, pregnancy and so on. These problems in translation prevent the correct understanding of the scrip?tures. In this paper, some errors of English translation were corrected. According to the hypothesis of Spirit-human brain-hu?man reflect relationship interrelationship, we should be more independent thinking and make right choices. Correcting transla?tion problems of the Chinese version is not only beneficial to learning English, improve the quality of translation, but also benefi?cial to human solidarity, progress, social stability, and harmony.

纵观中西方对《圣经》翻译和佛经汉译的翻译历程,可以发现对经典的翻译一直是中西方文化中非常重要的内容。《圣经》翻译和佛经汉译分别承载着不同的文化内涵,对二者进行对比研究有利于探索其中的相似性和差异性,并据此总结出中西方的翻译传统或规律,旨在为后世翻译事业的发展壮大提供启示。

In the history of Bible translation and Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures at home and abroad, it can be found that the translation of the classics has been a very important element of cultural development. “Bible” translation and Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures carry different cultural connotations, therefore the comparative study of them is conducive to explore their similarities and differences, and accordingly sum up their translating traditions and rules for the development of translation cause.

作为赞助人,耶稣会支配着晚明耶稣会士对《圣经》的翻译,这是《圣经直解》成书的重要背景,也决定了其节译福音书时的文化取向。它对福音书的节译整体上没有＂适应＂中国本土的思想观念,而是极力彰显福音书中体现的天主教的教义,忠实于教会和《圣经》的旨意;其＂直解＂部分也表明天主教文化被视为＂中心文化＂,缺少了对译入语文化的宽容,更没有多元文化共存的理念。

As their patron, the Society of Jesus controlled the Jesuits’ translation of the Bible in late Ming, which is the historical background for Shengjing Zhijie’s (the direct interpretation of the Bible) production and decides its cultural orientation. The Shengjing Zhijie’s translation of the selected texts of Gospels, as a whole, doesn’t “accommodate” the thoughts of Chinese people in late Ming, instead, tries to highlight Catholic ideas in Gospels by “directly translating”the selected texts and being faithful to Society of Jesus and the Bible; its “direct interpretation” also demonstrates that the Catholic culture is considered as the “central culture”, not tolerant of target culture and without the idea of cultural co-existence.

尤金·奈达和彼得·纽马克是现代西方翻译学界的突出代表，是著名的语言学家和杰出的翻译家。他们的译学理论都建立在语言学基础之上，有很多相似之处，却又各具特色。奈达毕生从事《圣经》的翻译工作，在此基础上提出了著名的“动态对等”或“功能对等”翻译理论。他非常重视读者的反应和译作的沟通作用。纽马克一生从事教学工作，他注重译文的准确性及质量，提出了著名的“语义翻译法”、“交际翻译法”及关联翻译理论。

Eugene A · Nida and Peter Newmark are the prominent representa- tives in the modern western translation circle. They were famous and outstand-ing linguistics 、translation theorists and translators. many significant similarities and distinctive features. though both of them based their translating theories on the linguistics, Nida made a great contribution to the translation of the Bible, from which he put forward the popular “dynamic equivalence” or “functional equivalence”. He paid more at-tention to the response of the readers and the communicating function of the translation. But Peter Newmark devoted himself to the teaching career in some of the universities. He emphasized the accuracy and the high quality of the translation. He proposed the famous “semantic translation” and“com-municative translation”.