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双语推荐：局部放电起始电压

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设计了聚乙烯与硅橡胶界面在不同界面压力下的局部放电试验系统,通过施加一定的界面压强模拟电缆附件中的界面压强,研究不同界面压强和不同表面粗糙度的聚乙烯对聚乙烯与硅橡胶界面的局部放电起始电压和局部放电特性的影响,通过建立界面接触放电模型和界面电场分布计算方法计算了局部放电起始电压,并结合试验结果分析界面放电机理。结果表明:聚乙烯表面越粗糙,局部放电起始电压越低;随着界面压强的增大,界面的局部放电起始电压增大,局部放电量逐渐减小,总放电次数也减小。
A partial discharge experimental system under different interface pressures between polyethylene and silicone rubber is established. By applying certain pressure to simulate the interface pressure of cable accessory, the effects of interface pressure and surface roughness of polyethylene on the partial discharge initial voltage and partial discharge characteristics between polyethylene and silicone rubber were studied. The partial discharge initial voltage was calculated by the interface breakdown model and calculation method of electric field distribution, and the interface partial discharge mechanism was analyzed. The re-sults show that the more roughness of the polyethylene surface, the lower the partial discharge initial volt-age is. With the increase of the interface pressure, the partial discharge initial voltage increases, the mag-nitude of partial discharge decreases, and the total discharge times decreases also.

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为研究预加直流电压对油纸绝缘局部放电过程的影响特性，采用球-板电极模拟油纸绝缘系统中的稍不均匀电场，仿真计算出预加直流电压下球-板电极油纸绝缘系统的电势和场强分布，用脉冲电声法测试绝缘纸板去极化过程空间电荷时空变化特性与界面空间电荷衰减速率，并对试样进行交流局部放电试验，研究预加直流电压与局部放电起始电压之间的定量关系。结果表明：预加直流电压会在绝缘纸板界面产生残留空间电荷，升压过程中使局部放电起始电压和绝缘临界击穿电压均下降；降压过程中局部放电特性不受预加直流电压的影响，且局部放电熄灭电压与预加电压大小无关；随着预加直流电压的提高，每升高相同幅值的预加直流电压，交流局部放电起始电压降低的幅值有所减小。
To study the effect of pre-applied DC voltage on the partial discharge process of oil-paper insu-lation, we used ball-plate electrode to simulate the slightly non-uniform electric field in oil-paper insula-tion system. The distribution of voltage and electric field intensity of the oil-paper insulation system un-der pre-applied DC voltage was calculated through simulation. The spatial and temporal variation and de-cay rate of space charge of the pressboard during the depolarization process was tested by PEA(Pulsed Electro-acoustic) method. The AC partial discharge test was carried out, and the quantitative relationship between pre-applied DC voltage and partial discharge inception voltage was studied. The results show that the pre-applied DC voltage would leave residual space charge on the surface of the pressboard, which make the partial discharge inception voltage(PDIV) and critical breakdown voltage(CBV) decrease in the voltage process. While the pre-applied DC voltage alm

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采用工频电压法和阻尼振荡波电压法研究热缩式电缆附件在4种缺陷情况下的局部放电特性，对比分析两种电压情况下的局部放电起始电压和局放模式。结果表明：两种方法在局部放电特性研究中具有一致性，各种缺陷的局部放电统计特征具有较为明显的差异。
The partial discharge characteristics of four defects in heat-shrinkable cable accessories, which were termination without stress tube, incorrect use of insulation tape as semi-conductive adhesive tape in the middle joint, void and metal particles on the surface of XLPE insulation, were studied by AC volt-age method and damped oscillating wave voltage method. The partial discharge inception voltage and pat-terns under damped oscillating wave voltage and AC voltage were compared. The results show that the two methods are consistent in the study of partial discharge characteristics, and there are obvious differ-ences in the partial discharge statistical characteristics of various defects.

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为实现换流变压器故障诊断，研究交流与直流电压比例对油纸绝缘放电特性的影响对换流变压器的故障诊断判据选取具有实际工程意义。因此该文搭建了一套交直流复合电压作用下油纸绝缘气隙缺陷局部放电测量平台，通过多次试验得到了局部放电特征与交直流复合比例的试验关系；另外建立了油纸绝缘气隙缺陷的物理模型，从理论上分析了比例与放电特征关系的仿真结果。试验测量和理论仿真结果相同：随着交流和直流叠加电压中直流成分的增大，脉冲重复率和放电量不断减小；交流时的放电起始电压低于交直流复合电压作用时的起始电压，而且直流比例越高，起始电压越高；随着交流中直流成分的增加，放电起始相位从交流正负半周过零点附近向负半周期峰值附近移动，换流变压器不同位置的绝缘问题应该采用不同的诊断依据。
In order to realize the fault diagnosis for converter transformer, to study the influence of ratios of AC and DC voltages on partial discharge (PD) characteristics has practical engineering significance for diagnosis of converter transformer. A set of platform was built for PD detection under AC and DC voltage. The relationship between ratios of AC and DC voltage and PD characteristics was obtained by several tests and simulated by building physical model. The experimental measurement and theoretical simulation results are the same: the pulse repetition frequency and PD amount decrease with the DC voltage increasing. But the PD inception voltage increases when DC voltage becomes larger. In addition, the PD phase moves form two locations to just one part in negative half cycle. So for converter transformer, the diagnosis basis should distinguish with the insulation problem at different location.

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在传统脉冲电流法的基础上,设计了直流电压下脉冲电流检测系统。通过施加直流电压和交流电压,对气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear and controlgear,GIS)内部缺陷的局部放电信号进行检测。直流电压和交流电压下局部放电信号特征对比结果表明,直流电压下局部放电起始电压较交流电压下低,直流检测技术可以高效、准确地检测缺陷局部放电。
On the basis of traditional pulse current method,this paper introduces design of pulse current detection system by direct current voltage.By inflicting DC and alternative current,it detects partial discharge signal of inner defects in gas insu-lated metal enclosed switchgear.Comparison result of characteristics of partial discharge signals indicate that the partial dis-charge initial voltage by DC is lower than by AC.That is to say that DC detection technology is able to efficiently and cor-rectly detect partial discharge of defect.

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针对110kVXLPE电缆中间接头及本体制作了6种人工典型缺陷，并利用高频电流互感器耦合局部放电信号。对各类缺陷放电脉冲进行时域、频域特征分析，研究同一缺陷相同电压下不同放电时刻单脉冲波形和频谱规律，并对不同受损程度的电缆本体缺陷局部放电参数的变化进行分析。结果表明：当本体电缆波纹铝破损但未伤及主绝缘时，局部放电无法发现该类缺陷；当主绝缘破损时，在较低电压下便可检测到局部放电，但耐压试验依然可以通过，且随着主绝缘破损深度的增加，局部放电起始电压呈线性递减。
Six kinds of artificial typical defects of 110 kV cable and joint were produced, and high frequency current transformer (HFCT) was used to couple the PD signals. The PD pulse of different defects in time domain and frequency domain were analyzed. The monocycle pulse waveform and frequen-cy spectrum at different discharge moments of the same defects under the same voltage were studied, and the changes of PD parameters of the cable bulk defects with different degree of damage were analyzed. The results show that when the corrugated aluminum is damaged but the insulation of the cable is undamaged, these defects could not be detected by PD detection. Once the insulation of the cable is damaged, the PD can be detected under lower voltage, but the cable can pass through the with-stand voltage experiment. With the increase of the depth of insulation damage, the initial partial discharge voltage decrease linearly.

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绝缘气隙的存在会加速换流变压器油纸绝缘的老化,不同于交流变压器,换流变压器内部绝缘长期处于交直流叠加电压的共同作用,放电现象有明显区别。该文搭建了一套交直流叠加电压作用下油纸绝缘局部放电检测试验平台,对油纸绝缘内部气隙放电过程进行长期监测,根据局部放电特征变化规律将局部放电过程归纳为3个阶段,总结了各阶段局部放电的统计特征,与交流电压单独作用时的气隙放电特征进行了对比。研究结果表明:交流与正极性直流电压共同作用下油纸绝缘气隙放电起始于交流负半周期,随着时间的发展,放电相位逐渐变宽,并且正半周期放电从无到有,放电重复率逐渐增加。交直流叠加电压作用下的放电特征与交流单独作用时的放电特征不同,不能简单将交流时的诊断依据应用于交直流叠加电压情况下。
The existence of gas-gap in insulation will accelerate the aging of converter transformer oil-paper insulation Unlike an AC transformer, converter transformer internal insulation is under AC and DC combined voltages in a long period. The discharge phenomenon is different from AC transformer. This paper established a set of oil-paper insulation partial discharge test platform under AC and DC combined voltage. A variety of methods were used for long-term monitoring in the internal gas-gap discharge in oil-paper insulation, finally the trend curves in different experimental stages were drawn. According to the development characteristics of partial discharge in oil-paper insulation, the PD evolution could be divided into 3 stages. The results show that: The partial discharge under AC and DC combined voltages occurs in the negative half cycle firstly, with the stage developing, the partial discharge phase widened gradually, and finally the partial discharge appears in the positive

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为研究重复脉冲电压上升时间对变频电机绝缘的局部放电特征影响规律，基于超高频天线、检波技术和宽带、高速数据采集和传输技术设计了重复脉冲电压下变频电机绝缘局部放电检测系统。研究了变频电机匝间绝缘在不同上升时间重复脉冲电压下的局部放电统计特性并对其机理进行了分析。结果表明：在微秒级的上升时间下，脉冲电压极性快速翻转导致变频电机绝缘薄弱处空间电荷电场和外部电场叠加，易超过局部放电起始电压，从而产生次数较多的小幅值放电，且放电幅值随着上升时间的减小而增大，但单个周期放电总量逐渐减少。因此设计耦合传感器时应根据重复脉冲上升时间和局部放电脉冲频域能量分布特点，设计高频响应较好的传感器，避免脉冲电源干扰使测试灵敏度降低，从而得到准确反映电机绝缘水平的PDIV和RPDIV。
To study the effect of repetitive impulse voltage rise time on the partial discharge(PD) characteristics of inverter-fed motor insulation, we designed a PD detection system for inverter-fed motor insulation under repetitive impulse voltage based on ultra-high frequency antenna, detection technology and broadband, and high-speed data acquisition & transmission technology. The PD statistical characteristics of the interturn insulation of inverter-fed motor under different impulse voltage rise time were obtained by the system, and their mechanism was analyzed. The results show that when the voltage rise time is under μs level, the electric field of space charge of the weak insulation caused by the fast reversal of voltage polarity would superpose the external electric field, which would exceed the partial discharge inception voltage(PDIV) and produce many times of PD with low magnitude. The PD magni-tude increases with the decrease of the rise time, but the total discharge amou

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针对高压变频柜绝缘导线绑扎点附近出现白色附着物的现象进行分析和讨论。研究表明将绝缘导线之间微小的空气间隙类比于绝缘层内部有空气间隙，其空气间隙为局部放电创造条件，导致导线绝缘层之间发生局部放电时产生白色附着物。用MATLAB仿真对局部放电起始电压进行分析，提出了解决办法。
An appearance of white attachments on the colligation position of insulated conductors in high voltage frequency conversion cabinet was analyzed and discussed. The tiny air gaps between the insulated conductors were in analogy to the air gaps in the insulation layer, and the air gaps would lead to partial discharge and produce white attachments between insulating layers of conductors. The partial discharge inception voltage was analyzed by MATLAB simulation, and corresponding solutions were put forward.

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近年来,寻找SF6替代气体的研究工作成为各国科学家和电力部门需要解决的迫切问题。从局部放电绝缘特性角度出发,对CF3I/CO2与CF3I/N2两种混合气体在不同气压、混合比和间距下的局部放电起始电压(工频负半周局放起始电压(negative partial discharge inception voltage,PDIV?)和正半周局放起始电压(positive partial discharge inception voltage,PDIV+))进行测量和比较,同时对两种混合气体的PDIV-和PDIV+值随混合比变化的协同效应进行计算和对比分析。试验结果表明:相同试验条件下CF3I/CO2混合气体的PDIV-值和PDIV+值分别约为CF3I/N2混合气体的1.2倍和1.0~1.4倍,且CF3I/CO2混合气体PDIV-和PDIV+值随混合比变化的协同效应也均明显优于CF3I/N2混合气体。故综合考虑温室效应潜在值(global warming potential,GWP)、液化温度以及局部放电绝缘特性等因素,在特定环境下,混合比为25~30%的CF3I/CO2混合气体较CF3I/N2混合气体更适合被考虑作为SF6气体的绝缘替代物用于低中压电气设备中。
In recent years, the research on seeking the substitute of SF6 has become an imperative case that should be resolved for scientists and the electricity sectors. From the perspective of partial discharge insulation properties, this paper measured the PDIV-(negative partial discharge inception voltage) and PDIV+(positive partial discharge inception voltage) of CF3I/CO2 and CF3I/N2 gas mixtures in different gas pressures, mixing ratios and electrodes distances, and calculated their synergistic effect, meanwhile, the PDIV-, PDIV+ and synergistic effect of CF3I/CO2gas mixtures were compared with that of CF3I/N2 gas mixtures. The results show that the PDIV- and PDIV+ of CF3I/CO2gas mixtures were respectively 1.2 times and 1.0~1.4 times of CF3I/N2 gas mixtures under the same testing condition, and its synergistic effect was much better than CF3I/N2 gas mixtures. Therefore, compared with CF3I/N2gas mixtures, CF3I/CO2 gas mixtures with mixing ratio of 25~30% is more suitable for being used in l

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