近年来,我国中小企业信用再担保体系的发展为中小企业融资做出了巨大贡献,但作为贷款风险分散机构,担保机构、再担保机构在与银行合作过程中一直处于弱势地位。我国再担保机构一直致力于完善银保合作机制,加强银保沟通,实现银保风险共担。国外一些再担保体系在银保风险共担方面相对比较成熟,值得我国再担保体系学习和借鉴。本文以再担保机构、担保机构和合作银行为研究对象,运用系统动力学,建立中小企业信用再担保体系动态仿真模型。将江苏省再担保数据,代入模型仿真模拟,研究银保风险共担对信用再担保体系系统模型内主体经济收益的影响,研究结果表明,银行在银保合作中承担一定风险,可以抵御代偿率增加对再担保体系发展的负面影响,在一定程度上能够保证再担保体系的可持续发展,从而保证银行能够获得更为长远的利益。

In recent years, the development of credit re-guarantee system for Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME) has made great contribution for SME finance in China. As loan risk diversification institution , guarantee and re-guarantee institutions are always at weak positions when they are cooperating with banks. The re-guarantee institutions in China are trying to commit to improve the cooperation mechanism of bank-guarantee, strengthening communication and achieving bank-guarantee risk sharing. The re-guarantee system of risk sharing in some foreign countries is relatively mature and worthy to learn. The re-guarantee inst-itutions, guarantee institutions and cooperative banks have been studied, and the dynamic simulated model of credit re-guarantee system for SME has been constructed. Re-guarantee data from Jiangsu Province have been calculated in the simulated model. The important influences of bank-guarantee risk sharing to the benefits from credit re-guarantee system model have been researched

工程担保信用体系的建立健全是促进工程担保市场健康发展和工程担保制度作用有效发挥的必要条件之一。其中,担保机构的信用评级对于工程担保信用体系的建立至关重要。依据工程担保机构的运行特点和实际情况,构建了工程担保机构信用评价模型,结合三角模糊数和熵权法,对评价指标进行了综合评判。实例结果表明,该方法能对工程担保机构的信用状况做出准确、客观的科学评价,也为担保机构如何提升实力,改善自身信用状况提供了参考。

The establishment of construction guarantees’ credit system is crucial for the healthy development and the effective function of guarantee market. Among them,the guarantee credit rating is essential for the building of the credit system. Based on the operating characteristics and the actual situation of guarantee institutions,a project evaluation model is built combining the triangular fuzzy number and entropy method to treat a comprehensive evaluation assessment indicator. Example of the evaluation results shows that this method can make objective scientific assessment of the credit status of the construction guarantee institutions and can guide the agencies to strengthen their ability and improve their credit.

在对江苏、山东、四川3省36家担保机构问卷调查的基础上,系统归纳我国政策性信用担保机构在支持中小企业融资过程中的几点现实约束,如政府扶持力度有待加强、与银行的合作关系不够密切、风险分担机制不完善等。结合我国担保业的现状,要使政策性信用担保的作用得到充分发挥,必须加大政府扶持力度、强化银保合作、完善再担保体系建设、完善自身担保制度和机制,以破解政策性担保机构的体制机制约束。

Based on questionnaire of 36 policy guarantee organizations (CGOs)from Jiangsu,Shandong and Sichuan Prov-inces,this paper concludes several realistic constraints which some CGOs face in the process of supporting small and medi-um enterprises (SMEs). They are inadequate government support,not close relation between CGOs and banks,imperfect risk-sharing mechanism and so on. According to current situation of guarantee industry in China,some countermeasures should be taken in order to bring into the role of CGOs play. For instance,governments should increase support to CGOs, strengthen the cooperation between CGOs and banks,consummate reguarantee system,improve guarantee system and mech-anism. Through above measures these constraints which CGOs face should be relieved or solved in the future.

矿业权抵押是矿业企业重要的融资担保方式之一，但由于矿业权的特殊性和相关规定对矿业权流转的限制，给矿业权抵押的实现带来困境。随着现代经济的发展对信用体系的要求越来越高，当今企业担保制度打破了传统的一物一权原则，财团担保和浮动抵押已经成为各国企业担保的主要制度，两者虽然都是以企业集合财产设立的抵押制度，但是浮动抵押对企业信用的要求以及允许自由流转集合财产的特点不适应我国社会信用体系的现有状况，因此，我国矿业权抵押应采取更为可靠、有效的财团担保的方式。

The mineral right mortgage is one of important financing guarantees for the mineral enterprises .However ,the mineral enterprises have got the difficulties because of the specialty of the mineral right and the relative limiting regulation on the mineral rights circulation .As the more and more serious requirement on the credit of the modern economic development ,the traditional principle one object to one right has been broken by the current enterprise guarantee system ,the consortium mortgage and fluctuating mortgage have been become the main principle among the enterprises in each country ,the enterprises credit requirement of the fluctuating mortgage and the characteristics to allow the free circulation of the consortium property are not applicable for the current situation of our national society credit system although the both have taken the consortium property as the mortgage .Therefore ,our national mineral right has taken the more reliable and effective consortium guarantee met

建立中小企业信用担保体系,是解决当前中小企业融资的有效途径之一。现阶段福建中小企业信用担保机构发展环境和发展势头良好,但面临可持续发展能力有限、代偿能力有限、违规经营乱象、与银行合作困难、内部风险控制能力较弱等发展瓶颈。因此,担保机构应提高自身的业务拓展能力和公司治理能力;政府应加强政策监管,完善信用评级工作,健全担保业多方风险分担机制和引导行业自律规范发展。

SME credit guarantee system can solve financing issue. At present,SME credit guarantee institution in Fujian has some problems,including limited capacity for sustainable development,limited compensatory capacity,illegal opera-tion,difficulty in cooperation with banks,and poor internal risk control. Therefore,guarantee institution should improve management,government should strengthen policy supervision,improve credit rating,promote the multi-risk-sharing mechanism in security industry and self-regulation.