间歇指令通气(IMV)是相对于持续指令通气(CMV)而言的,是指呼吸机按预设要求间断进行机械通气,每两次机械通气之间允许自主呼吸,此时呼吸机只提供气源;在自主呼吸期间可加用多种“自主性通气模式”,最常用的是压力支持通气(PSV).若机械通气与自主吸气触发同步则称为同步间歇指令通气(SIMV),现代呼吸机的IMV皆有同步性,故除非有特殊说明,IMV与SIMV通用[1-2].IMV分容积控制间歇指令通气(VC-IMV)和压力控制间歇指令通气(PC-IMV),前者是指每个吸气过程按预设潮气量和吸气时间完成,后者则按预设通气压力和吸气时间完成.

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目的：就机械通气治疗婴幼儿呼吸衰竭56例不同结果进行探讨。方法：选取我院自2008年1月～2012年10月之间所收治的56例呼吸衰竭的婴幼儿患儿作为研究对象，机械通气仪器选用Servo Ventilator 300 A型呼吸机，机械通气模式主要为同步间歇指令通气（ SIMV）、呼吸末正压＋间歇指令通气、辅助/控制（ A/C）等。机械通气开始时间为患者入院后的1～2小时左右。结果：本组资料患儿在机械通气治疗过程中死亡5例，放弃治疗、自动出院的有4例，存活46例，治愈率达到了82．14％，存活患儿中合并颅内出血4例，肺炎7例。结论：机械通气治疗婴幼儿呼吸衰竭疗效确切的同时，要正确调整机械通气各项参数，加强机械通气相关护理。

Objective:To investigate the mechanical ventilation in the treatment of infant respiratory failure in 56 patients with different results.Methods:56 cases of infant respiratory failure in children admitted to hospital from January 2008 to October 2012 between selec-tion Servo Ventilator 300 A ventilator as an object of study , the mechanical ventilation equipment mechanical ventilation mode synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), PEEP +intermittent mandatory ventilation assist /control (A /C), etc..About mechanical ventilation start time for patients admitted to hospital after the 1 ~2Oh.Results:The data in children 5 died in mechanical ventilation in the treatment process, to give up treatment, left the hospital four cases, survival of the 46 cases, the cure rate reached 82.14%, the sur-vival of children with intracranial hemorrhage in 4 cases, pneumonia cases .Conclusion:Mechanical ventilation treatment of infant respir-atory failure the exact same time , it is necessa

目的：探讨重症支气管哮喘应用机械通气的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院20例重症支气管哮喘患者的临床资料，所有患者均给予常规治疗，同时采用机械通气包括有创机械通气同步间歇指令通气模式和无创正压通气NPPV治疗。结果通过采用机械通气治疗后患者的pH值、PaCO2、PaO2、气道阻力及PEF均得到较明显的改善(P<0.05或P<0.01)，具有统计学意义，所有患者均未出现并发症。结论重症支气管哮喘是严重的呼吸系统疾病，机械通气能有效降低患者的病死率和并发症的发生率，是抢救重症支气管哮喘的有效临床措施。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of treatment of severe bronchial asthma by mechanical ventilation. Methods a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 20 patients with severe bronchial asthma in our hospital, all patients were given conventional therapy, while using mechanical ventilation include invasive mechanical ventilation synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in treatment of NPPV. Results: through the use of mechanical ventilation in the treatment of patients with pH, PaCO2, PaO2, airway resistance and PEF were signiifcantly improved (P<0.05 or P<0.01), with statistical signiifcance, all patients had complications. Conclusion severe bronchial asthma is a serious respiratory disease, mechanical ventilation can effectively reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients the incidence of clinical measures, is effective in treatment of severe bronchial asthma.

目的：探讨循证护理措施在机械通气治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭中的应用效果。方法：给予51例患儿机械通气治疗,其中25例采用双水平气道正压通气（BIPAP）模式,26例采用同步间歇指令通气（SIMV）＋压力控制通气（PCV）模式。治疗期间给予循证护理,即采用循证护理-循证支持-循证评价-循证应用步骤。观察机械通气治疗前、治疗24小时动脉血气分析变化。结果：治疗24小时后,新生儿Pa CO2、PO2、PH明显改善（P〈0.05）。结论：在采用机械通气治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭的同时给予循证护理,可明显改善动脉血气相关指标。

Objective:To survey the roles of evidence-based nursing (EBN) played in the treatment for neona-tal respiratory failure by mechanical ventilation. Methods:All 51 cases were treated by mechanical ventilation, a-mong them, 25 cases adopted the mode of bi-level airway positive airway pressure (BIPAP), 26 cases the modes of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) and pressure controlled ventilation (PCV). During therapeu-tic period, they were given with EBN, that is, EBN-evidence-based support-evidence-based evaluation-evi-dence-based application steps. The changes of arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis and clinical effects were observed before treating and in 24 hours after treating. Results:In 24 hours after treating, neonatal PaCO2, PO2 and PH were notably improved (P<0.05). Conclusion:EBN is given to the neonate suffering from respiratory failure treated by mechanical ventilation, it could obviously improve the results of ABG and obtain satisfactory effects.

本设计利用安装在人手臂部的加速度传感器采集运动信号,单片机智能运算后发出控制指令,实现机械臂与人臂的同步运动。系统将在采集传感器的输出模拟量经过单片机的处理产生PWM波,使用PWM波驱动舵机实现准确定位,使机械臂实现三自由度的运动。而且还可通过编程和仿生来完成各种预期的作业任务,在构造和性能上兼有人和机器各自的优点,体现了人的智能和适应性。

This design uses the collected motion signal of the acceleration sensor installed in the arm department,issued in the single-chip smart computing control commands,synchronous movement of the manipulator arm.Acquisition sensor output analog processing After the microcontroller PWM wave using PWM wave-driven steering gear to achieve accurate positioning,so that the robotic arm to achieve three degrees of freedom of movement.But also through programming and bionic complete a variety of expected operating tasks,both in structure and performance of the respective advantages of both humans and machines,human intelligence and adaptability.