为了研究不同质量的点火具自身爆炸特性以及对粉尘爆炸下限浓度的影响，采用20L球爆炸测试装置对不同质量的点火具进行了试验，与理论计算结果进行了对比；并对过200目筛、中位径为32μm的煤粉进行了爆炸下限浓度研究。结果表明：试验结果和理论计算结果基本一致，爆炸压力随点火具质量的增加而呈现线性上升；随着点火具质量的增加，煤粉的爆炸压力逐渐增加，爆炸下限浓度逐渐降低，当点火具质量由0．24g增加至2．40g时，煤粉的爆炸下限浓度由40～50g/m3下降到30～40/gm3，引爆煤粉的危险性进一步增大。

In order to study intrinsic explosibilty of igniters in different quantity and the influence on minimum explo -sive concentration of coal dust , 20 L sphere explosion test units were employed , and then the experiment results were com-pared with the theoretical calculations .Moreover, coal powders of less than 200 mesh, whose median diameters were 32μm, were used as dust samples for minimum explosive concentration evaluation .The experimental results show agreement with the theoretical calculations .The explosion pressure has a linear increase with the increasing of ignition quality .With the ignition quality increasing , the explosion pressure of coal dust increases and the minimum explosive concentration de -creases conversely.When the ignition quantity increased from 0.24g to 2.40g, the minimum explosive concentration re-duces from 40-50 g/m3 to 30-40 g/m3 , which indicated that the risk of such dust was further increased .

针对天然气管道不同损伤过程中的泄漏扩散问题,利用 FLUENT 软件,建立 CFD 仿真模型,研究了泄漏口大小对天然气泄漏扩散范围的影响。以山区与城镇交界处的天然气埋地管道为例,考虑风速随高度的变化和关闭阀门后泄漏率随时间的变化,对天然气泄漏扩散进行数值模拟,编写导入 FLUENT 的 UDF 程序并对风速和泄漏率进行了修正。实例计算结果表明,扩散范围随着泄漏口的增大而变大,在泄漏口直径为6.35、25.40 mm 和101.60 mm 时,天然气爆炸下限距地面高度分别可达92、122 m 和408 m,天然气爆炸下限下风向距泄漏口的水平距离分别可达322、770 m 和1291 m；由于天然气受管道上层土壤的影响而损失大量湍能,因此泄漏气体在地表和土壤中扩散时,泄漏气体在地表的扩散范围大于在土壤中的扩散范围,其中泄漏口直径为101.60 mm 时扩散范围最大,天然气爆炸下限下风向距泄漏口的水平距离在地表和土壤中最大分别可达80 m 和105 m。

According to different damage process of natural gas pipeline leakage diffusion problems,using FLUENT software, CFD simulation model was established,and studied the different leak diameter of the effects on gas leakage diffusion area and simulated the natural gas leak and diffusion process between mountain and city terrain.The situation of wind speed changing along with the height and mass discharge rates variable with the time were taken into account and UDFs were programmed into the FLUENT to amend them.It concluded that the bigger hold can achieve the higher range,the max lower explosive limit of the high from the ground and downwind horizontal distances of diameter of 6.35 ,25.40 mm and 101.60 mm were 92 m and 322 m,122 m and 770 m,408 m and 1291 m.When diffuses on the surface and in the soil,the 101.60 mm leak diameter had the maximum diffusion range.The biggest downwind horizontal distances were up to 80 m and 105 m respectively.This was because the gas lost a lot of tu

为了解决现行爆炸复合装药方式落后及炸药爆炸能量利用率极低的问题，使用了一种保证装药质量的蜂窝结构炸药，并将该蜂窝结构炸药应用于一次起爆可复合两块复合板的双面爆炸复合技术，由于受到蜂窝材料和双面复板的多向约束，使炸药的临界厚度显著降低，乳化炸药在5 mm 厚时，仍可以稳定爆轰。成功地进行了以5 mm 厚的蜂窝结构炸药用于2 mm 厚的45＃钢板和16 mm 厚的 Q235钢板双面爆炸复合可行性试验。结果表明，与现行的单面爆炸复合相比，在复合相同数量复合板的情况下，炸药的使用量节省了83％，炸药的能量利用率显著提高。试验前，对爆炸复合窗口及复板的碰撞速度进行了计算，得到了复板碰撞速度的上下限（192 m·s -1＜vp ＜983 m·s -1）及两组实验中复板的碰撞速度1089，863 m·s -1，计算与试验结果一致性较好。

In order to resolve the problem about the backward method of charge and low energy efficiency of explosives,the explo-sives with structure of honeycomb were prepared to ensure the quality of charge,and applied to double side explosion cladding to clad two combination plates. Results show that this technology significantly reduce the critical thickness of stable detonation of explosives,increases the energy efficiency of explosives,and saves the amount of explosives. Emulsion explosives with the thick-ness of 5 mm can stably detonate. The feasibility experiment of double side explosion cladding for steel of 45 # with thickness of 2 mm and steel of Q235 with thickness of 16 mm was carried out. Compared with the existing explosive cladding method,the consumption of explosives reduces by 83% in the case of cladding the same number of combination plates. The explosive cladding windows and collision speed of flyer plate are calculated before experiment. Upper and lower limits for c