目的研究温肾生精饮(主要由鹿茸、人参、锁阳、大云、黄芪、淫羊藿和当归等15味药材组成)对环磷酰胺致小鼠睾丸氧化损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将8周龄的昆明种雄性小鼠随机分组,正常对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,模型组、西药组和中药组连续5 d腹腔注射80 mg/(kg·d)的环磷酰胺,然后将正常对照组和模型组小鼠灌胃生理盐水,西药组和中药组小鼠分别灌胃克罗米芬或温肾生精饮30 d。检测各组小鼠附睾精子密度和精子活率;观察睾丸生精上皮的发育;检测睾丸组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的水平;免疫组织化学法检测睾丸生精小管中生存素(survivin)的表达;TUNEL法检测生精细胞的凋亡。结果与模型组和西药组比较,温肾生精饮显著提高了生精障碍小鼠的精子密度和精子活率,促进了生精小管上皮的发育,显著提高了生精障碍小鼠睾丸内GSH-Px和CAT的活性,降低了睾丸组织中MDA水平,且上调了生精细胞中生存素的表达水平,降低了生精小管和生精细胞的凋亡指数。结论温肾生精饮能显著修复环磷酰胺致小鼠睾丸生精功能损伤,其修复机制可能与提高睾丸组织中的抗氧化水平、减少生精细胞凋亡有关。

Objective To investigate the protective effect and the possible mechanism of Wenshen Shengjing Decoction (WSSJD)(including Cornu Cervi Nippon Parvum , Panax ginseng, Cynomorium songaricum, Cistanche deserticola,Radix Astragali, Epimedium brevicornum, Angelica sinensis.) on cyclophosphamide induced testicular oxidative damage in mice . Methods Eight-week-old male Kunming mice were assigned .Mice in normal control group received intraperitoneally nor-mal saline, and mice in Western medicine group ,WSSJD group and model group were injected intraperitoneally with cyclo-phosphamide [80 mg/(kg? d) ]for five days.Then mice in Western medicine group and WSSJD group were gavaged with clomifene citrate or WSSJD for 30 days consecutively .The epididymal sperm count and sperm viability were recorded , and the structure of seminiferous epithelium was observed .The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and activities of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and catalase ( CAT)

昆明种雄性小鼠32只,随机分为4组。脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)日摄取量分别为0(对照组)、20、40和60 mg/kg,试验期52 d。各组分别在42日龄、72日龄处死小鼠,分离睾丸,制作石蜡切片,HE染色,显微观察、摄影。结果显示,与对照组比较,42日龄时中、高剂量组的曲精小管断面变形,各时期的生精细胞和成熟精子数量均减少;高剂量组曲精小管内生精细胞层次基本消失,出现较大腔隙,间质发生不同程度的变化。72日龄时中、高剂量组的曲精小管断面变形,基膜变薄伴有断裂和间质受损增加。中剂量组出现畸形精子,高剂量组曲精小管中央空白区域增大,缺乏成熟精子。以上结果表明,中、高剂量的DHEA对生长期小鼠的睾丸组织结构发育有明显的毒性作用。

32 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,which were fed with DHEA of 0 mg/kg (control group), 20 mg/kg(low-dose group), 40 mg/kg (medium-dose group) and 60 mg/kg (high-dose group) every day. The experiment lasted for 52 days. The mice in every group were killed on the 42 day-old and 72 day-old respectively. The testis was picked to make into paraffin sections and observe in microscope after HE staining. The results showed that the cross-section of seminiferous tubules deformed on 42 day-old and the number of spermatogenic cells and mature spermatozoa in each period all reduced in medium-dose group and high-dose group, compared with control group. In high-dose group, the hierarchy of spermatogenic cell in seminiferous tubule basically disappeared, bigger lacuna appeared and interstitium changed to different extent. On 72 day-old, the cross-section of seminiferous tubules deformed, basement membrane became thin accompanied by fracture and damaged extent of interstitium in

为探明香猪睾丸发育过程中雌激素受体（ERα，ERβ）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）蛋白的表达情况，手术取出30日龄、40日龄、50日龄、70日龄、90日龄和110日龄贵州香猪右侧睾丸，采用免疫组织化学方法检测了睾丸组织中 ERα、ERβ和上皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）蛋白的表达量。结果表明：ERα只在睾丸输出小管上皮细胞胞核中表达，且30～50日龄时表达率显著高于70～110日龄（P ＜0．05）。ERβ在睾丸生精小管细胞胞质中的表达率先随日龄增加而升高，50日龄达到最高（P ＜0．05），随后降低；在输出小管上皮细胞和管周细胞核中的表达率无显著变化；在附睾中表达率在30～50日龄时无显著差异，70～110日龄随年龄增长表达率显著升高（P ＜0．05）。eNOS 在生精小管细胞中先随日龄增加表达率增大，30日龄时表达率最低（P ＜0．05），50日龄表达率最高（P ＜0．05），随后逐渐减少。

To investigate the expression of estrogen receptors and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in testis development of Xiang Pig,Right testis were collected from 30,40,50,70,90 and 110 days old pigs (number=3~4)by surgical operation.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the estrogen receptors (ERαand ERβ)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in testis and epididymis.The results showed that ERαimmunoreactivity was only located in the nuclei of the efferent ductule epithelium and the percentage of ERα-positive cells of efferent ductule accounting for total efferent ductule cells from 30 to 50 days old exceed significantly from 70 to 110 days old (P < 0.05 ).ERβ immunoreactivity was located in the cytoplasm of epithelium in the efferent ductule,the expression increased with increasing age until 50 days old(P <0.05)and then decreased.There was not significantly different in the nuclei of the efferent ductule epithelium and pertitubular cell.The expression was not significantly

目的：探索利谷隆致SD雄性子代大鼠的生殖发育毒性影响。方法：分别于SD大鼠孕期妊娠期连续灌服花生油和利谷隆染毒后，获得子鼠。实验分对照组和利谷隆组，子代雄性大鼠生长至性成熟后，行精子分析，取生殖组织进行HE 染色，睾丸行透射电镜观察。结果：与对照组比较，利谷隆组子代雄性小鼠精子数量显著降低（P＜0．01）。利谷隆组睾丸组织经HE染色发现部分生精小管结构破坏，生精细胞及精子溢出，电镜发现间质细胞线粒体肿胀，内质网扩张。结论：利谷隆通过损伤睾丸组织影响SD雄性子代大鼠的生殖发育。

Objective:To explore the reproductive toxicity of linuron on F1 male rats.Method:Pregnant female rats were exposed to linuron and peanut oil everyday during the period of gestation day (GD),and were randomly divided into linuron group and control group.After maturation,the semen from F1 male rats was analyzed and HE stain and transmission electron microscopy were used to detecte the tissue development of testicle,prostate,epididymis,spermatica from F1 male rats.Result:Semen analysis showed that in the linuron group,the number of sperm significantly decreased (P<0.01).There were some structural damage in seminiferous tubules,some spermatogenic cells and sperm overflowed and some plasma cells infiltrated in the testicle.Conclusion:Our results demonstrated that linuron inducing testicle development malformation,significant decrease of sperm and increase of sperm malformation in F1 male rats.

研究不同剂量的硫酸铜对小鼠睾丸组织的损伤,为研究动物生殖毒性和繁衍提供参考依据。首先采用上下法测定硫酸铜对小白鼠的半数致死量LD50为55 mg/kg,95%可信限区间为35.02～155。将40只小白鼠随机分为4组,即对照组(生理盐水)、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组,采用灌胃法染毒。期间记录小鼠体质量,染毒结束后采集睾丸组织称质量并制作石蜡切片,观察其病理组织学变化。结果显示,与对照组相比,不同剂量的试验组体质量的增长率均下降,高剂量组在第1周和第2周甚至出现了负增长,分别为:-3.86%,-0.62%。光学显微镜观察睾丸的病理切片,与对照组相比,试验组小鼠睾丸曲精细管呈现不同程度的变性,管内各级生精细胞数目减少或缺失,精子形成极少或无,且随剂量的升高,睾丸组织病理损伤越严重。以上结果表明,硫酸铜可诱导生精细胞凋亡,且可显著抑制精原细胞的增殖,随着剂量的增加对睾丸组织的生殖毒性效应越强。

According to the study on histological damage induced by the different doses of copper sulfate ,this pa-per can provide reference for the study of animal reproductive toxicity and reproduction .Firstly,LD50 was 55 mg/kg (95% CI,35.02 to 155) which was determined by Up-and-Down Procedure(UDP).40 rats were randomly separated into control group(normal saline),low-dose copper sulfate group,middle-dose copper sulfate group,high-dose copper sulfate group.The rats were exposed to copper sulfate by gavage every day and the treatment was lasted for 28 days. Body weight of rats were recorded during experiment ,organ coefficient of tissues and pathology changes of testis were observed after poisoning .The results showed that,in comparison with control group ,body weight increasing rate was differently decreased on body weight in each poisoning group .The high-dose group experienced negative growth in the first and second weeks,and were -3.86%, -0.62% respectively.Obvious pathological changes thro