为探讨城市绿地植物群落差异对空气负离子特征的影响,研究了5种不同典型城市绿地植物群落:次生常绿阔叶林群落(SF)、人工改造常绿阔叶林群落(IF)、人工常绿阔叶景观林群落(CF)、人工稀树灌草群落(OF)、交通绿岛群落(TA)下空气负离子浓度及空气清洁度,并以缺乏绿色植被的火车站广场(RS)作为对照.结果表明,空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度在不同植物群落和时间段内存在显著差异(p＜0.05).其中,城市绿地植物群落中空气负离子浓度日变化普遍呈现双峰曲线;群落结构相对较为复杂的SF群落空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度最为优秀.总的来说,空气负离子浓度从大到小排序如下:SF＞IF＞CF＞OF＞RS＞TA;而空气清洁度则为SF＞CF＞IF＞OF＞ RS＞ TA;回归分析表明,大气相对湿度显著影响空气负离子浓度(R2=0.478,p＜0.05).

To explore the effects of different plant communities in urban green space on the characteristics of negative air ions,air qualities were measured in 5 typical plant communities:secondary evergreen broadleaved forest (SF),improved evergreen broad-leaved forest (IF),planted evergreen broad-leaved plantscape forest (CF),landscape communities with shrubs,herbaceous,and few arbor (OF),traffic artery green (TA),and a comparison site in railway station without any plants (RS).The results showed that significantly different negative air ion concentrations and air qualities were found among different time and communities (p＜0.05).Concentrations of negative air ions in the daytime in urban green space exhibited a bimodal curve.The SF communities with complex community structure had the highest concentrations of negative air ions and air quality within the community was the best.Generally,the negative air ion concentrations in different plant communities were in a descending order of

城市绿地是空气负离子浓度变化的重要调节器,并为人类活动和游憩提供重要场所。选择广州市从化区具有代表性、空间结构异质性的城市绿地作为研究对象,在冬夏2个季节对6种绿地类型的空气负离子水平进行连续监测。结果表明：不同植被类型绿地空气负离子浓度差异显著,结构复杂、物种丰富的复层绿地高于结构简单、物种少的绿地;夏季和冬季不同地区负离子浓度最高的两个地区均为别墅区和公共服务区,最低的2个地区为小区道路和广场绿地;空气清洁度指标总体较好,夏季除小区道路（B级）和广场绿地（D级）外,其他地区均为A级,冬季广场绿地质量有所改善为B级,而其他均为A级。

Urban green space is an important regulator of changing the aeroanion concentration ,and provides an im-portant place for human activities and recreation .Urban green space with representative & spatial heterogeneity in Conghua Region of Guangzhou City were selected to be research objects ;aeroanion levels of six types of green space in summer and winter were monitored continuously .Result shows that :aeroanion concentration of green vegetation are significantly different ;stratified green with complex structure & rich species are higher than that with simple structure & less species ;in summer and winter ,the highest concentration of aeroanion in different parts of the two regions are the villas & public service area ,the lowest two areas are district roads & green of square ;air cleanliness index is overall optimal ,except for the summer district roads (Grade B) & green square (Grade D);other regions are all Class A ,the quality of green square in winter has improved ,being Grade B ,

目的探讨医用无绳充电式微型负压扫床器的临床应用效果。方法分别利用负压扫床器与湿式扫床对病床进行晨间护理,并在晨间护理后30、60min对病房空气、患者头面部皮肤表面、患者敷料表面细菌菌落数进行计数和比较。结果负压扫床与湿式扫床后30、60min比较,病房空气细菌菌落数、患者头面部皮肤表面和敷料表面的细菌菌落数差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论负压扫床器对病房空气有清洁作用,可减少清洁病房时细菌对病房空气及患者头面部和敷料表面的污染,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To discuss the clinical application observation of medical cordless rechargeable mini-ature pressurized bed sweeper.Methods Morning care the wards were respectively using the pressurized bed sweeper and wet bed cleaning method,and compare bacterial colonies in the air of the ward,patient’s head and facial skin surface and dressing surface after 30min and 60min of morning nursing.Results There were statistic significance of bacterial colonies in the air of the ward,patient’s head and facial skin surface and dressing surface after 30min and 60min of morning nursing between the use of pressurized bed sweeper and wet bed cleaning method (all P<0.05).Conclusion Pressurized bed sweeper can reduce contamination of the air of the ward,patient’s head and facial skin surface and dressing surface when cleaning the ward,it is worthy of clinical application.

以临安市青山湖湿地公园典型植物群落常绿阔叶林、香樟林、池杉林及人工林为研究对象,研究4种不同植物群落空气负离子效应及其空气清洁度的比较。研究结果表明,不同植物群落空气负离子浓度大小排序为常绿阔叶林人工林香樟林池杉林,常绿阔叶林空气负离子浓度最高,环境调节功能最强,其对改善湿地公园环境质量发挥着重要的作用。

Taking the typical plant communities of evergreen broad leaved forest and Cinnamomum camphora, Taxodium ascendens and artificial forest as an example, this paper studied the ecological efficacy of air negative ions and the compare of air cleanness among four different plant communities. The result showed that the order of air negative ions concentration of different plant communities was evergreen broad leaved forest > artificial forest > Cinnamomum camphora > Taxodium ascendens, further more evergreen broad leaved forest had the highest air negative ions concentration and strong regulating efficiency of environment and would play an important role to improve the environmental quality of urban wet land park.

在少量简单金属钴卟啉的催化下,无需外加溶剂及反应引发剂,甲苯可由空气直接选择性液相催化成为苯甲醛及苯甲醇。反应结果表明反应时间、反应温度、压力、催化剂用量及空气流量等工艺参数的变化对反应都有影响。在165℃、0.8 MPa、3.4 ppm及40 L/h空气流量的最佳反应条件下,甲苯的转化率可以达到8.7%,同时醛醇选择性可以达到近60%。同传统空气氧化甲苯制取苯甲醛体系相比,此催化体系工艺条件简单、清洁无污染,产品质量好。研究结果表明,金属卟啉存在下的催化空气氧化甲苯制取苯甲醛及苯甲醇的反应经历了一个由金属卟啉引发的自由基反应历程。

Toluene is selectively oxidated to benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol with air using cobalt porphyrin as catalyst without additional solvents and reaction initiator. The result shows that reaction time, temperature, pressure, and amount of catalyst all can influence the reaction. Under the optimal condition of this system:165℃, 0.8 MPa, 3.4 ppm of catalyst and 40 L/h air flow, the total conversion of toluene is 8.7%and the selection of benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol is 60%. Compared with traditional toluene oxidation to benzaldehyde, this catalytic oxidation system process is simple and clean. The experimental result also shows that the process has gone a radical reaction course initiated by metalloporphyrins.