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双语推荐：空气负离子

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以空气负离子浓度作为空气质量的主要评价指标,使用DLY-6A空气离子测量仪测量空气中的负离子浓度,测量了福州大学城区域8个院校的空气负离子浓度水平,以此描述福州大学城的空气质量.并根据不同环境下负离子含量的不同,探究影响空气负离子浓度变化的相关环境因素,为其环境建设和师生休闲活动开展提供参考和建议.
Taking the concentration of negative air ions as the main evaluation indicator of air quality, this paper used USA AIC-20M concentration meter of positive and negative air ions to measure the concentration level of negative air ions in eight institutions in Fuzhou University Town and describes the air quality, explored relevant environmental factors affecting the concentration of negative air ions according to different concentration levels of negative ions in different environments, and provide references and suggestions for environmental construction and implementation of teacher and student activities.

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为探讨城市绿地植物群落差异对空气负离子特征的影响,研究了5种不同典型城市绿地植物群落:次生常绿阔叶林群落(SF)、人工改造常绿阔叶林群落(IF)、人工常绿阔叶景观林群落(CF)、人工稀树灌草群落(OF)、交通绿岛群落(TA)下空气负离子浓度及空气清洁度,并以缺乏绿色植被的火车站广场(RS)作为对照.结果表明,空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度在不同植物群落和时间段内存在显著差异(p＜0.05).其中,城市绿地植物群落中空气负离子浓度日变化普遍呈现双峰曲线;群落结构相对较为复杂的SF群落空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度最为优秀.总的来说,空气负离子浓度从大到小排序如下:SF＞IF＞CF＞OF＞RS＞TA;而空气清洁度则为SF＞CF＞IF＞OF＞ RS＞ TA;回归分析表明,大气相对湿度显著影响空气负离子浓度(R2=0.478,p＜0.05).
To explore the effects of different plant communities in urban green space on the characteristics of negative air ions,air qualities were measured in 5 typical plant communities:secondary evergreen broadleaved forest (SF),improved evergreen broad-leaved forest (IF),planted evergreen broad-leaved plantscape forest (CF),landscape communities with shrubs,herbaceous,and few arbor (OF),traffic artery green (TA),and a comparison site in railway station without any plants (RS).The results showed that significantly different negative air ion concentrations and air qualities were found among different time and communities (p＜0.05).Concentrations of negative air ions in the daytime in urban green space exhibited a bimodal curve.The SF communities with complex community structure had the highest concentrations of negative air ions and air quality within the community was the best.Generally,the negative air ion concentrations in different plant communities were in a descending order of

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大气离子是由许多自然和人为的原因产生,并且它们的浓度在不同环境场所下差别很大。选取我国南部沿海某省份作为研究区域,挑选近10处具有代表性的环境场所进行实测研究,收集了空气正、负离子浓度、风速、空气温度、相对湿度、材料和植物负离子浓度等数据。实测数据表明：地面上的空气负离子浓度随着地理环境因素（瀑布、海边、峡谷、乡村田野、郊区旷野、县城等）不同差别很大,其中瀑布〉海边〉峡谷〉溪流〉县城;同时空气负离子浓度与风速、水、植物、相对湿度等有较为密切的关系。通过对实测数据进行分析得出以下结论,1）空气的摩擦可以有效显著地增加空气中负离子的浓度,两者呈现出一定的正相关关系。2）水体在撞击和喷射过程能加快正负电荷的分离,水速流动地越快,相应摩擦产生的电离能越大,周边环境的空气负离子浓度就越高;同时随着距离的衰减,环境中的空气负离子浓度也在不断地降低。3）空气负离子浓度与植物群落的种类结构和配置相关,其中高处复层结构植物〉低处复层结构植物〉低处单层结构植物。4）相对湿度与空气负离子具有良好的相关性。5）温度与空气负离子的关系有待进一步明确。6）适宜的温度、湿度以及风速能使人感到舒服,有益于人体的健康。7）自然生态
Atmospheric ions are produced by many natural and anthropogenic sources and their concentrations vary widely between different environments. In this study, we conducted a week’s testing in a southern coastal province, China, where we chose 10 different typical sites to measure and research. The measurements included NAI concentration, PAI concentration, wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity and NAI concentration in materials and plants. The results showed that NAI concentration had a closer relation with wind speed, water, plants and air humidity than other factors, the most important factor was the water, followed by wind, and the minimal was air temperature. Based on the analysis of measured data to come to the conclusions: 1) The air friction can effectively and significantly increase the NAI concentration, and the two show a positive correlation. 2) The separation of positive and negative charges can be accelerated by the water in the impact and the injection process. The

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利用便携式空气负离子测定仪（ AIC1000），对重庆地区6种主要森林类型的41个监测点进行为期1 a的空气负离子监测和研究。结果表明：各森林类型均能显著提高空气负离子水平（P＜0．01），从大到小依次为针叶混交林、落叶阔叶林、常绿阔叶林、针叶纯林、竹林、针阔混交林、对照（解放碑商务区）；常绿阔叶林和针叶混交林在晴天时的空气负离子水平显著高于阴天和雨天的（P＜0．01），而落叶阔叶林却相反；天气阴晴对其它森林类型的空气负离子影响则不显著（P＞0．05）。各森林类型的空气负离子呈明显的季节变化（P＜0．01），针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林和针叶混交林均以春季最大，落叶阔叶林则以秋季最大；除竹林和针叶混交林外，其它森林类型均以冬季最小。研究监测点的空气负离子水平以Ⅴ等级（400～1000个· cm-3）为主，以四面山自然保护区的空气质量最好。
With AIC1000 portable air anions tester, the air anion concentration of six main forest types had been measured in 41 monitoring plots of Chongqing in 2012.All forest types significantly can improve air anion content (P deciduous broad-leaved forest>evergreen broad-leaved forest>coniferous forest>bamboo forest>mixed conifer-broadleaved forest>CK(Jiefangbei Business District).For evergreen broad-leaved forest and mixed conifer forest, the air anions content in sunny day is higher than that in cloudy day and rain day (P 0.05).Air anions of every forest types presents an obviously seasonal variation (P<0.01).The air anions content is the most in spring for mixed conifer-broadleaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest and mixed conifer forest, but it is the most in autumn for deciduous broad-leaved forest.Except bamboo forest and mixed conifer forest, air anions of other forest types are the least in winter.The air anions content mainly located in the grade of V level ( 400-1 000 air ani

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2013年11月,在室内对空气正、负离子浓度、PM10(可吸入颗粒物)、PM2.5(细颗粒物)等进行测量,将测量数据用SPSS软件进行统计分析,结果表明:(1)室内空气负离子浓度日变化与PM2.5浓度呈显著的负相关,与PM10浓度也呈显著的负相关;(2)自然条件下的室内空气负离子浓度日变化幅度规律为:PM10PM2.5空气负离子;燃烧香烟后的室内空气负离子浓度日变化幅度规律为:空气负离子PM2.5PM10。
With the measurement of the air positive and negative ion concentration, PM10 (Particulate matter) and PM2.5 (Fine particulate matter) indoor in November, 2013, Analyzing the statistics in SPSS. The results show that:(1)the daily variation of air anion concentration indoor shows significant negative correlation with PM2.5, and it sames to PM10.(2)the daily variation margin regular of air anion concentration indoor in natural conditions is that the air negative PM10>PM2.5>ions;the daily concentrations variation margin regular of air anion concentration indoor after burning cigarettes is that the air negative ions>PM2.5>PM10.

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以闽北5个阔叶树种闽粤栲、酸枣、木荷、米老排和桤木群落为研究对象，采用DLY-3 F型森林大气离子测量仪测定全天不同时段空气负离子含量，并对不同树种纯林空气离子水平进行比较。结果表明，不同树种纯林空气负离子水平在0.9×103～1.5×103 ions/cm3范围内，其空气质量均属于A级，2个引进树种纯林的空气质量CI值优于3个乡土树种纯林；5个树种纯林空气负离子含量在8：00-10：00能够达到峰值，但各树种到达峰值的时刻则不相同；5个树种纯林日间空气负离子水平存在显著差异，2个引进树种纯林日间空气负离子水平没有显著差异，3个乡土树种纯林日间空气负离子水平没有显著差异，但其间相关程度并不高。
Taking five broad-leaved trees of Castanopsis fissa,Ziziphus jujube,Schia superba,Ytilaria laosen-sis,Alnus creastogyne as research object,the forest atmospheric ion meter of DLY-3F was used to measure the con-tent of air anion concentration at different time throughout the day,and then compared the air ion levels on five for-ests. The results showed that,the air anion levels in five pure forest was ranged in 0.9 ×103 -1.5 ×103 ions/cm3 , and the air quality reached to grade A.The air quality CI value of two introduced species was better than that of other three native species.Moreover,the negative air ions concentration of five pure forests could reach the peak at 8:00-10:00,but the detailed time was varied.Air anion levels of five pure forest existed significant differences in the day.However,there was no significant difference between two introduced species during the day,similar re-sults were seen among the three native species,but there was no high correlation.

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于2011年9月至2012年8月应用FTP-2空气负离子测量仪对湖南省森林植物园3个生态区及全园的空气正、负离子浓度进行测量,并采用日本的空气质量评价指数(I C)对其空气质量作了评价。结果表明:(1)湖南省森林植物园空气负离子浓度垂直变化明显,园中高于园内其他地方。空气离子评价系数(I C)均大于0.93,属于清洁,空气质量很好。(2)从空旷地向水区空气负离子浓度和空气质量(I C)逐渐增加,有林地区空气负离子浓度明显高于无林地区;有瀑布和水流等动态水地区空气负离子浓度明显增加;园中不同功能区空气负离子浓度和空气质量差异显著,其大小依次为水边林内空旷地;(3)空气负离子浓度和空气质量的日变化规律曲线为双峰形,总的规律为上午高,下午低,一天中存在2个峰值,分别为上午7:00点(563.75个/cm3)和8:00点(789.67个/cm3),I C值为1.11和1.40,大于1,为清洁或最清洁。其它时间处于平稳趋势;(4)空气负离子浓度和空气质量的季节变化规律曲线为多峰形,1月最低,为256.20个/cm3,I C值为0.36;7月最高,为542.86个/cm3,I C值为1.06。总趋势为夏、秋季高,春季适中,冬季最低。
From September 2008 to August 2009, the positive and negative ions concentrations of air in Hunan Forest Botanical Garden (whole forest park and its three ecological regions) were measured by using FTP-2 aero anion measuring instrument, and by adopting Japanese Evaluating Indicator(CI), the air quality of the park was evaluated. The results are as follows. (1) The air ion concentration of the forest botanical garden of Hunan province changed obviously in the vertical direction, and that in the garden was higher than that at other places inside the park. (2)The negative air ion concentrations and CI increased gradually from the clearing to water zone, the negative air ion concentrations in forested areas were obviously higher than those in non-forested areas;the negative air ion concentrations obviously increased in the areas where the moving waters, such as waterfall and rivulet;the air ion concentration and air quality in different functional areas were different each other in the par

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以夏热冬冷地区合肥市为研究区域,从建筑布局、空间形态、建筑密度、交通路网、植物绿化等方面综合考虑城市住区的不同环境特征,选择12个样点进行实地观测,于2013年8至2014年1月进行了空气离子浓度、风速、温度、相对湿度等指标的实地测定,并对数据进行筛选分析得出结果,1空气负离子浓度随季节变化较为明显,夏季最高,平均浓度约为358/cm3,秋季次之,平均浓度约为338/cm3,冬季最低,平均浓度约为322/cm3。总体看来,上午9:00─10:00和下午14:30─15:30区间空气负离子浓度最高,上午10:30和下午16:00─16:30区间空气负离子浓度相对较低。2自由式布局和具有较明显开敞空间的测试样点空气负离子浓度较高。夏季样点9空气负离子浓度最高,平均浓度为815/cm3;秋季样点12空气负离子浓度最高,平均浓度约为483/cm3;冬季样点9空气负离子浓度最高,平均浓度约为407/cm3。最后运用单极系数和安培空气质量评价指数对住区空气质量进行评价,得出住区环境的空气清洁度以允许和清洁为主,等级多分布在D级和B级。根据这些结果和分析得出以下结论:1在不同的季节,住区室外环境的空气负离子浓度变化较为明显,夏季最高,冬季最低。2影响城市住区空气负离子浓度最主要气象因子是风速、温度和相对湿度,
The chosen area for experiments is Hefei city which is in Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter area, from the building layout, space form, building density, road network, green plants and other aspects of comprehensive consideration of different environmental characteristics of urban residential areas, twelve test samples are selected to field observations. During August 2013 to January 2014, air ions concentration, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity were measured, and screened and analyzed the data. It is concluded that, ①NAI concentration changes more obvious with the seasons, the highest in summer, the average concentration is about 358/cm3, autumn, the average concentration is about 338/cm3, the lowest in winter, the average concentration is about and 322/cm3. Overall, NAI concentration at 9:00-10:00 and 14:30-15:30 are the highest, at 10:30 and 16:00-16:30 are relatively low. ②NAI concentration of measured samples which have freestyle layout and the obvious open space

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为了探讨厦门植物园空气负离子浓度和PM2．5浓度在时间和空间上的分布特征，选取了厦门植物园15个观测点及园外1个对照点，在一年四季早、中、晚对他们进行现场实测并进行了分析，结果显示：四季植物园内空气负离子浓度均高于对照点；空气负离子浓度不同季节排序为夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季；园内植被与水边、广场之间四季空气负离子浓度均有显著差异，郁闭度高的植被样点空气负离子浓度也较高，不同植物专类园之间空气负离子浓度无显著差异；PM2．5浓度不同季节排序为夏季＜冬季＜秋季＜春季。植被与水边、广场之间四季PM2．5浓度均无显著差异，不同植物专类园之间PM2．5浓度无显著差异。
Micro-environment field measurements were conducted to explore the temporal and spatial distributive characteris -tics of negative air ions (NAI) and PM2.5 concentration in Xiamen Botanical Garden in spring , summer, autumn and winter.Fifteen observation points in the botanical garden and a control observation point outside the botanical garden were set .The results were as follows:the NAI concentration at 5 points of the botanical garden was all higher than that at the control point in the four seasons ;the NAI concentration in different seasons showed the order of summer >autumn >spring >winter;there were significant differences in NAI concentration in the four seasons among different land types , such as the vegetation , the waterside and the square , and the NAI concentration at the vegetation point with high canopy density was also higher , but there was no significant difference in NAI concentration among various special plant zones in the botanical garden ;the PM2.5 co

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以临安市青山湖湿地公园典型植物群落常绿阔叶林、香樟林、池杉林及人工林为研究对象,研究4种不同植物群落空气负离子效应及其空气清洁度的比较。研究结果表明,不同植物群落空气负离子浓度大小排序为常绿阔叶林人工林香樟林池杉林,常绿阔叶林空气负离子浓度最高,环境调节功能最强,其对改善湿地公园环境质量发挥着重要的作用。
Taking the typical plant communities of evergreen broad leaved forest and Cinnamomum camphora, Taxodium ascendens and artificial forest as an example, this paper studied the ecological efficacy of air negative ions and the compare of air cleanness among four different plant communities. The result showed that the order of air negative ions concentration of different plant communities was evergreen broad leaved forest > artificial forest > Cinnamomum camphora > Taxodium ascendens, further more evergreen broad leaved forest had the highest air negative ions concentration and strong regulating efficiency of environment and would play an important role to improve the environmental quality of urban wet land park.

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