现代船舶为了降低营运成本,提高运营的经济性,主机采用燃烧重油或燃料油,而重油或燃料油的粘度较高,需要经加热调节其粘度以符合主机的雾化质量要求,保证燃烧质量。目前的粘度自动控制系统中的测粘检测使用的测粘计多数为定量泵和毛细管结构,检测其毛细管进出口压差,经差压变送器测量粘度偏差信号进行粘度控制。本文介绍一种在燃油粘度自动控制系统中的粘度检测技术与控制装置,本装置测量定量的燃油在不同粘度下的流动时间与设定值的偏差为被控量进行加热强度的调节,实现燃油粘度的自动控制。

In order to reduce operation cost and improve the economical efficiency of the oper‐ation ,heavy oil and fuel oil are usually used in the main engine .Since the viscosity of heavy oil and fuel oil is high ,the heavy fuel oil must be heated until it reaches the necessary viscos‐ity to meet the requirement of atomization quality of main engine for good combustion .Now the quantitative pumps and capillary structures act as viscometer for viscosity test in fuel oil viscosity control system to test the import and export of the differential .The viscosity devia‐tion signal is measured by differential relay for viscosity control .The paper introduces a new viscosity testing technology and a control device .T his device w ould measure the deviation of the quantitative fuel at the flow time and set value under differential viscosity .It uses to ad‐just the intensity of heating for the controlled quantity for realizing the automatic control of fuel oil viscosity .

针对传统流体粘度测量实时性较差的问题,设计并实现了一种粘度计算方法。通过 FPGA计算驱动频率及驱动功率,并通过 MsBCP 接口将数据传输到DSP,利用 DSP 求解流体粘度,真正实现了粘度的在线测量。经试验验证本计算方法科学合理,可有效提高粘度计算实时性,提高流体粘度测量值的准确度。

The viscosity calculation method of Coriolis flowmeter is designed and implemented considering the problem of poor real ?time of the traditional measurement for fluid viscosity.The viscosity calculation can obtain the value of the driving frequency and the driving power by FPGA, and transmit the data to DSP by MSBCP,and the DSP can obtain the value of fluid viscosity,as a re-sult,we can achieve the measuring online of fluid viscosity.This method has been testified by sets of experiment to be scientific and reasonable,Real time property of the method is high and the accura-cy of the value of fluid viscosity is improved.

考察了活性橙13溶液质量浓度、溶液所处条件（温度、pH）及添加剂（助溶剂、表面活性剂、电解质）对染料溶液粘度的影响及粘度变化规律。结果表明：染液质量浓度低于50 g/L时,染液粘度随质量浓度提高而增大、随温度升高而降低,当染液质量浓度超过50 g/L时,染液粘度发生不规则变化;介质pH在染料分子等电点附近时染液粘度增加;助溶剂可降低高质量浓度染液粘度,其降低程度依大小顺序为：TM-1〉尿素〉丙三醇〉己内酰胺;阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠和非离子表面活性剂AEO-9对染料溶液粘度的影响较小;电解质对染液粘度的影响与染料质量浓度和电解质质量浓度有关。

The influence of Reactive Orange 13 solution concentration, solution conditions (temperature, pH) and additives (cosolvent, surfactants, electrolytes) on dye solution viscosity and viscosity change law are investigated. It is found that the viscosity of solution increases with the rising of dye concentration and decreases with the temperature risesrespectively when dye solution concentration is lower than 50 g/L. The viscosity of solution changed irregularly when dye solution concentration is higher than 50 g/L. When medium pH is in the vicinity of the dye molecules isoelectric point, solution viscosity increased;the cosolvent can reduce the dye solution viscosity of the high concentration dye liquor, the decrease degree in order is as follows: TM-1 > urea and glycerol > caprolactam; anionic surface active agent twelve sulfonate and nonionic surfactant AEO-9 have little effect on the dye solution viscosity; The effect of electrolyte on dye solution viscosity is concerned with

采用沥青混合料和易性试验仪,将沥青的粘度宏观地转化为混合料的和易性,避免了因基质沥青与改性沥青的流变特性不同而带来的沥青粘度测试不准确的缺点,推荐SBS改性沥青适于拌和的布氏粘度范围是(0.26±0.03)Pa·s,适于压实的布氏粘度范围是(0.45±0.05)Pa·s,基质沥青与SBS改性沥青各自适宜施工的布氏粘度范围不同。

T he method of construction temperature of asphalt standardized can not be applied in modified asphalt .This paper carries out asphalt mixture workability test to convert the viscosity of asphalt to the work‐ability of asphalt mixture ,avoiding disadvantages of inaccurate measurements about asphalt viscosity caused by the different rheological properties between the asphalt and modified asphalt .The range of recommended mix‐ing Brookfield viscosity w hich is suitable for modified asphalt is 0 .26 ± 0 .03Pa?s ,and the suitable compacting Brookfield viscosity is 0 .45 ± 0 .05Pa?s .T he range of the suitable construction Brookfield viscositys of asphalt and modified asphalt are different .

采用超声波震荡和机械搅拌的方式,制备了以Si O2为凝胶剂的凝胶汽油QNJ-1和QNJ-2,利用旋转式流变仪对QNJ-1和QNJ-2的表观粘度进行了实验研究。研究了凝胶剂含量、剪切速率以及预剪切对凝胶汽油表观粘度的影响,获得了该种类型的凝胶汽油在不同剪切速率下的表观粘度。实验表明,随着凝胶剂含量的增加,表观粘度增大,在低剪切速率条件下尤为明显;当凝胶剂含量相同时,表观粘度随剪切速率的增大而减小,且减小幅度越来越小;预剪切能够显著降低凝胶汽油的表观粘度。研究结果对于进一步了解凝胶汽油粘度对雾化的影响具有重要意义。

The silica?based gelled gasoline,QNJ?1 and QNJ?2 were respectively prepared by means of ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring.The apparent viscosity of the gelled gasoline was researched experimentally by rotational rheometer with cone?and?plate configuration.The effect of gel content,shear rate and pro?shear on apparent viscosity of the gelled gasoline was analyzed in this paper. The results indicate that apparent viscosity increases with the increment of the gelling content. The phenomenon is ob?served obviously at low shear rate;the apparent viscosity when gelling content maintains decreases with shear rate increasing.The ap?parent viscosity of the gelled gasoline would be reduced by pro?shear significantly.The research results are of important significance for further investigation of effect of the gelled gasoline viscosity on the atomization mechanism.