组成计税价格在流转税中的增值税、消费税、营业税应用广泛，是企业办税员和在校学生工作、学习中的难点。本文分析了组成计税价格的实质与构成，对众多的组成计税价格进行了梳理，对不同税种、不同业务、不同税率的组成计税价格公式的异同进行了比较，明确指出了组成计税价格容易出错、混淆的地方，有助于办税员和学生正确理解和运用组成计税价格。

Composite assessable price is widely used in in the VAT, consumption tax and business tax of turnover tax, and is the difficulty in the work and learning of enterprise tax agent and students at school. This paper analyzes the substance and composition of the composite assessable price, cards a large number of composite assessable price, compares the similarities and differences of the composite assessable price formula of different taxes, different services and different tax rates, and clearly points out the error-prone and confusing place of composite assessable price, which can help staff and students have correct understanding and application of the composite assessable price.

介绍了地铁监控系统硬件组成、软件组成、网络组成，并从人机交互的角度来规划监控系统界面设计。同时以实习单位开发的地铁监控系统为基础，阐述了故障报警功能和实时监控功能的人机界面设计。

This paper introduces the subway of hardware composition and software of the monitoring system,the network of con-tent.From the perspective of the human-machine interface design,this paper designs the integration of the monitor system interface.At the same time,use fauIt aIarm and reaI-time monitoring exampIe,to iI ustrate the appIication of human-machine interface design.

目的：对荠菜多糖进行分离纯化并分析其单糖组成。方法采用超声法提取总多糖,除蛋白,用SephadexG-75进行纯化,水解后用气相色谱分析其单糖组成。结果分离得到两个多糖组分1和2。气相色谱鉴定出其中四种单糖组成,D-木糖、L-鼠李糖、D-甘露醇和D-葡萄糖,其组成比例为1：1.8：270.8：1。结论从荠菜多糖中分离出两种多糖组分,组分2由8种多糖组成,鉴定出其中4种。

Objective to isolate and purify the polysaccharide and analyze the monosaccharide composition. Methods the polysaccharide extraction removing the proteins were purified through sephadex G75,the polysaccharide components were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) after hydrolization. Relsults two monosaccharide components were obtained after purification. Four monosaccharide compositions concluding D-xylose,L-rham-nose,D-mannose and D-glucose were measured by GC in the second components and the proportion were 1:1. 8: 270. 8:1. Conclusion two polysaccharide fractions were isolated from Shepherdspurse Herb. The sec-ond fraction was composed of eight kinds of monosaccharide and four of them were identified.

目的研究分析喀什木纳格葡萄树伤流液中多糖的分离纯化及其单糖组成成分。方法采用醇沉法提取多糖,Sevage法脱蛋白,经DEAE-52纤维素及SephedexG-150凝胶柱分离纯化,采用气相色谱分析法测定单糖组成。结果 80%乙醇沉淀、Sevage法除蛋白得粗多糖;葡萄树伤流液粗多糖经过DEAE-52分离纯化分别得到GBSK-1、GBSK-2、GBSK-3、GBSK-4、GBSK-5、GBSK-6、GBSK-7和GBSK-8共8个多糖组分。其中4个多糖组分经过SephadexG-150纯化后,其洗脱峰均为单峰;通过GC分析得出GBSK-3的单糖组成较简单,主要由木糖组成;多糖GBSK-2、GBSK-5的单糖组成相似,主要由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成;多糖GBSK-1的单糖组成主要由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成。结论该方法较好地分离纯化葡萄树伤流液多糖。GC分析适用于多糖中的单糖组成分析,为葡萄树伤流液的开发和利用提供了科学依据。

Objective To separate and purify of Kaxigar munaka grapevine bleeding sap polysaccharides and analysis of monosaccharide composition .Methods Prepare crude polysaccharide using alcohol precipitation and by improved Sevage method .Purify the obtained crude polysaccharide by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-150 column chromatography .Analysis the monosaccharide composition by gas chromatography .Results To get crude polysaccharide by 80% alcohol precipitation and to remove proteins by Sevage method .The crude polysaccharide was separated by DEAE-52 ,and obtained 8 polysaccharides ,respectively GBSK-1 , GBSK-2 ,GBSK-3 ,GBSK-4 ,GBSK-5 ,GBSK-6 ,GBSK-7 and GBSK-8 .After being purified ,4 polysaccha-rides eluting peaks were unimodal .From the result obtained by GC analysis ,monosaccharide composition of GBSK-3 was relatively simple and mainly composed of xylose .The polysaccharides GBSK-2 ,GBSK-5 had similar monosaccharide composition and they were mainly composed of rhamnose ,arabinose ,man-nose ,gluc

针对随机数N个部件和非随机数n个部件组成的串并联系统,引入可交换Copula函数度量串并联系统中各部件寿命的相依性,研究串并联系统寿命的随机比较问题.利用离散函数的凸性及詹森不等式的概率论形式,证明当随机数N的期望满足条件E(N)≤n时,随机N部件组成串联系统的寿命以一般随机序优于非随机n部件组成串联系统的寿命;而当E(N)≤n时,非随机n部件组成并联系统的寿命以一般随机序优于随机N部件组成并联系统的寿命.

Stochastic comparisons of series and parallel systems composed of random N and non-random n components were studied by implementing an exchangeable copula function. This copula function measures the dependence among the lifetime of each component in the series and parallel systems. By the use of the convexity of discrete func-tions and the Jensen inequality, when the random variable N satisfies E( N)≤n, we show that the lifetime of a series system composed of random N components is better than that of the system composed of non-random n components un-der the usual stochastic order;meanwhile, the lifetime of a parallel system composed of non-random n components is better than that of the system composed of random N components under the usual stochastic order.