采用醇解法对废弃冰箱聚氨酯(Waste Polyurethane Foam,WPUF)进行回收处理,获得了可循环利用的再生混合多元醇。考察了不同原料、反应时间、反应温度对醇解效果的影响。通过对醇解产物的羟值、粘度和红外谱图分析得到最佳醇解条件为:采用乙二醇为醇解剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,固液比为100%WPUF、催化剂用量为1%WPUF,实验温度为197.85℃、反应时间为1 h条件下获得的混合多元醇最佳。

In this study, glycolysis was chosen to treat the waste polyurethane foam (WPUF) from waste refrigerators and regenerated WPUF mixed polyols which could be recycled. The influence of raw material type, reaction time, and the temperature on the glycolysis effect was investigated. The determination of hydroxyl value, the viscosity, and the characterization of infrared spectroscopic analysis suggested the optimum condition are as follows:the ethylene glycol is used as the glycolysis agent, and the sodium hydroxide as the catalyst, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 100%WPUF , the dosage of catalyst is 1%WPUF , the reaction temperature is 197.85℃, and the reaction time is 1 h.

乙二醇、1,2-/1,3-丙二醇等小分子二元醇在精细和有机化工、生物医药等领域应用广泛.与石化路径相比,以可再生的生物质多元醇(丙三醇、山梨醇/木糖醇)为原料选择性催化氢解制取上述小分子二元醇具有过程简单、绿色高效等显著优势,已成为生物质催化转化的研究热点.本文综述了典型生物质多元醇山梨醇/木糖醇和丙三醇选择性催化氢解为乙二醇、1,2-/1,3-丙二醇等小分子二元醇,重点阐述了丙三醇选择性氢解制1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇和山梨醇/木糖醇选择性氢解制小分子二元醇的催化剂体系和反应机理,并对该领域的发展前景作了展望,提出开发高效稳定的催化剂体系和工艺是未来的研究重点.

Selectively catalytic hydrogenolysis of biomass derived polyols (sorbitol,xylitol and glycerol) to small molecular diols (glycol and 1,2-/1,3-propanediols) has attracted more and more attention due to the wide application of these small molecular diols in fine and organic chemical, biology and pharmaceutical industries. Compared to the multi-stepped transformation of fossil based ethylene and propylene feedstocks,selective hydrogenolysis of biomass derived polyols to small molecular diols shows higher efficiency,simpler processing and more friendly to environment. This review is focused on the catalyst and reaction mechanism of selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-/1,3-propanediols and selective hydrogenolysis of sorbitol and xylitol to small molecular diols. The perspective of efficient catalyst and process for producing small molecular diols by hydrogenolysis of biomass derived polyols is discussed.

粉唑醇是重要的三唑类农药，广泛运用于农业生产及农产品的运输与储存。本文通过建立超高效液相色谱( UPLC-PDA)检测土壤中粉唑醇含量的方法。考察了粉唑醇在贵州，湖南，安徽土壤中的降解行为。探讨了土壤中主要因素：有机质、微生物、含水率以及pH值对粉唑醇降解的影响。结果表明：土壤中有机质含量越高，微生物越多，含水率越高， pH越大，粉唑醇在土壤中的降解速率越快。

Flutriafol is an important triazole pesticide, widely used in agricultural production, transportation and storage of crops. A method of determining flutriafol in soil was developed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection. The degradation of flutriafol in the soil of Guizhou, Hunan and Anhui province were studied, respectively. Effects of soil organic matter, soil microorganism, soil moisture and pH on degradation of flutriafol were also studied. The result showed that the higher organic matter, microorganism, pH, moisture content in soil, the faster speed of flutriafol degrade in the soil.

利用酸化的乙二醇作溶剂对松木屑进行醇解,探讨了温度和时间对醇解转化率的影响。利用热重分析、红外光谱分析、扫描电镜及X射线衍射考察了醇解残渣的性质。分别利用傅里叶变换红外光谱及色质联用分析了正己烷不溶物和可溶物中组分的分布及特征。结果表明,松木屑转化率在90 min、160℃达到最大值95.3%。松木屑中纤维素无定形区的组分和木质素发生了解离,醇解残渣的表面结构被破坏;正己烷不溶物是含有羟基、甲氧基及醚键等含氧官能团的化合物;正己烷可溶物主要由苯二甲酸酯、硬脂酸甲酯、2-甲基己酸丙酯、2-甲基丙酸、聚乙二醇及未反应的乙二醇组成。乙二醇与松木屑解离的羧酸发生酯化反应,对液相产物具有稳定作用,促进了松木屑的醇解反应;醇解过程中乙二醇自缩聚生成聚乙二醇,增大了乙二醇的消耗。

The alcoholysis of pine sawdust with acidified ethylene glycol ( EG) as solvent was investigated;the influence of reaction temperature and time on the conversion of pine sawdust was examined.The alcoholysis residual was characterized by thermogravime try ( TG ) , Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FT-IR ) , sac nning electron microscope ( SE M) and X-ray diffraction (X RD) , whereas the compso ition na dp roperties of h exan e insoluble com ponents ( HIS ) and hexane soluble ones ( HS ) were determined by FT-IR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .The results showed that the conversion of pinesa wdust reaches a maximum of 95.3% at 160 ℃ after reaction for 90 min.By the alcoholysis, the amorphous components of cellulose and lignin were decomposed and the surface structure of alcoholysis residual is destructed.The hexane insoluble components are composed of compounds with oxygen-bearing functional groups such as hydroxyl, methoxyl and ether, whereas the he

旨在筛选出分离纯化虎杖中白藜芦醇的最佳大孔吸附树脂以及工艺条件。静态吸附与解吸、动态吸附与解吸相结合的方法,以树脂的最大吸附量、解吸率为考察指标,确定最佳的纯化工艺。H103树脂对白藜芦醇有较好的吸附与解吸效果,其最佳的工艺条件为粗提液中白藜芦醇的质量浓度为0.72mg/mL、上样流速2BV/h,吸附饱和后先用4BV的蒸馏水进行洗涤,然后用8BV、75%的乙醇溶液以1.5BV/h的流速进行洗脱,白藜芦醇的含量可由纯化前的12.8%提升至53.5%。应用H103树脂对虎杖中的白藜芦醇进行纯化,其工艺稳定可行,具有吸附快、解吸容易、解吸液安全低毒且回收容易的特点,具有较高的应用价值。

Various macroporous resins with different properties were employed to purify the resveratrol from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum. Static and dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments were conducted, meanwhile, the adsorption and desorption rates of resveratrol were concerned to test out the prominent macroporous resin and optimal processing parameters. H103 was subsequently selected as the best macroporous resin. The optimal processing parameters were obtained as follows: the crude extract containing resveratrol of 0.72 mg/mL was loaded at a flow rate of 2 BV/h, the H103 column was washed with 4 BV of distilled water for removing the impurities, and elution with 8 BV of 75% ethanol was at a flow rate of 1.5 BV/h. As a result, the content of purified resveratrol was increased from 12.8%to 53.5%. The method with H103 as the optimal macroporous resin undergoing with the modified purification process is a simple, safe and inexpensive technology, and has a promising potential of puri