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双语推荐：黄河三角洲

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在简述黄河三角洲湿地农业开发历程的基础上，总结了黄河三角洲湿地农业不合理开发带来的生态环境问题，提出了湿地高效生态农业的概念，立足黄河三角洲湿地生态环境现状，探讨了黄河三角洲湿地农业可持续发展的模式，并提出了发展对策。
Based on briefly describing the agricultural exploitation process of Yellow River Delta wetland ,the ecological environment problems caused by unreasonable exploitation were summarized ,and the concept of wetland high-efficiency ecological agriculture was put forward. According to the status of ecological environment of Yellow River Delta wetland , the sustainable development models of wetland agriculture were analyzed ,finally the developing countermeasures were put forward.

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利用区位商法对黄河三角洲的特色产业集群进行判定,在此基础上,通过SWOT模型综合分析出黄河三角洲产业集群发展过程中的内部优势、劣势,外部威胁与机遇,并紧密联系黄河三角洲特色产业集群的发展现状,提出对黄河三角洲特色产业集群未来发展有用的建议.
By applying the theories of location quotient (LQ) and SWOT,and connecting closely to the current situation of development of Characteristic Industrial Cluster of Yellow River Delta,we analyzed the interna l strength and weakness,and external challenges and opportunities,and proposed some practical suggestions for the future development of Characteristic Industrial Cluster of Yellow River Delta.

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黄河三角洲高效生态经济区建设亟需区域科技创新能力的支撑,科学客观评价该区域科技创新能力具有重大现实意义。我们将黄河三角洲置于山东全省科技创新合作环境中,以黄河三角洲6市数据为依据,利用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对黄河三角洲6市科技创新能力进行分析与评价,得出以下结论:黄河三角洲科技创新发展迅猛,但发展水平依然较低;黄河三角洲科技创新发展潜力巨大,但区域发展不平衡加剧。因此,加大科技创新投入、优化科技创新支出结构、增强区域科技创新基础支撑是黄河三角洲科技创新合作发展的必然选择。
Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone dire need of the support of the regional scien -tific and technological innovation ability , scientific and objective evaluation of the regional scientific and technologi-cal innovation ability of great practical significance.The Yellow River Delta in Shandong Province , the province ’ s scientific and technological innovation cooperation environment , the Yellow River Delta city data , analysis and e-valuation of the Yellow River Delta city of scientific and technological innovation capability using principal compo -nent analysis and cluster analysis method , draw the following Conclusion: The rapid development of science and technology innovation in the Yellow River Delta , but the level of development is still low;huge potential for the de-velopment of scientific and technological innovation of the Yellow River Delta , but intensified regional development imbalances.Therefore, increased technological innovation , optim

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以黄河三角洲为例，将可持续发展系统划分为经济子系统、社会子系统、资源环境子系统构建可持续发展评价指标体系，并采用主成分分析方法综合测度黄河三角洲可持续发展水平，结果显示，黄河三角洲2005--2009年可持续发展水平呈现出递增的趋势；然后运用灰色关联度分析方法，分别计算出经济、社会、资源环境子系统与黄河三角洲综合可持续发展水平的关联度系数，结果发现，2005--2009年资源环境是带动黄河三角洲可持续发展的最主要因素，因而界定黄河三角洲区域可持续发展模式为资源环境持续型．
@@@@Regional sustainable development pattern is defined four descriptions,which are economy pull type, society drive type,resource and environment sustained type,balanced development type. Taking Yellow River Delta as example,we set up the index system of sustainable development. Then,the principal component analysis is used to calculate the sustainable development level of Yellow River Delta from 2005 to 2009. In order to evaluate the sustainable development pattern of Yellow River Delta,gray correlation degree analysis is used to calculate the correlation degree of economic subsystem,social subsystem,resource and environmental subsystem to comprehensive sustainable development degree respectively. It is found that the sustainable development pattern of Yellow River Delta is resource and environment sustainable type.

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黄河三角洲国家级地质遗迹保护区总面积15．3万hm2，与国内外其他河流三角洲沉积相比，黄河三角洲的沉积环境和沉积模式有其独特之处，主要是黄河三角洲平原在发展演化过程中形成的各种河流沉积地貌景观、微地貌景观和河口地貌景观。研究和保护这些地质地貌遗迹，对了解黄河三角洲的演化过程、发展趋势以及提出合理的保护措施有重要意义。
The square of Yellow River Delta national geological heritage is 153000hm2 .Comparing with other river deltas at home and abroad,depositional environment and depositional model of the Yellow River delta have its u-nique characteristics.It mainly reflects in a variety of fluvial landscapes,micro-landscapes and estuarine landscape during the formation,development and evolution of the Yellow River delta plain.Research and protection counter-measures of these geological landforms will play important role in understanding the evolution,trends and reasona-ble protective measures of of the Yellow River Delta.

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黄河三角洲开发成为国家区域发展战略的重要组成部分，承担着先行先试、引领示范的历史重任。本论文分析了黄河三角洲高效生态经济区建设生态文明的必要性，根据十八大报告，提出了建设美丽三角洲的目标，以资源与环境、循环经济、可持续发展、生态系统服务等理论为基础，从资源节约、生态系统恢复、环境保护、国土空间优化和生态文明制度五个方面，设计了黄河三角洲建设生态文明的路径，最后，提出了黄河三角洲高效生态经济区的生态文明建设的具体措施，为黄河三角洲经济区经济社会的发展提供了科学参考和借鉴。
This paper analyzes the necessity of the Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone in the construction of ecological civilization, according to Eighteen of the report, the goal of building a beautiful delta, resources and the environment, recycling economy, sustainable development, ecosystem services based on the theory, resource conservation, ecosystem restoration, five aspects of the system of environmental protection, land and space optimization and ecological civilization, designed in the path of the construction of ecological civilization of the Yellow River Delta, the Yellow River Delta efficient ecological economic zone of ecological civilization construction of specific measures, provide scientific reference for the economic and social development of the Yellow River Delta economic zone.

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河口治理和洪水风险管理是黄河三角洲发展的重要组成部分。过去几十年来，黄河三角洲在基础设施、水利工程、河堤及海堤建设以及组织、管理方面取得了巨大成就，确保了整个三角洲的防洪安全。然而，洪水风险依然存在，黄河在三角洲地区淤积、延伸、改道的自然属性没有改变，并且随着经济的增长以及气候的变化，洪水风险有增大的趋势。气候变化将导致更多极端气候事件的发生，如洪水、洪水引发的黄河改道以及强海暴潮等。针对目前黄河三角洲面对的洪水风险问题，提出加强水沙调节和河口减淤、延长现有流路行水年限、合理规划备用流路等应对措施。
Among others, the estuary improvement and flood risk management are the important components for the regional development of Yel ow River Delta. During the past few decades, extensive infrastructures, hydraulic engineering projects, dikes, levees and other flood management facilities have been built throughout the region, which safeguard the region from devastating flooding events. However, flood risks remain as the natural characteristics of the Yel ow River, such as siltation, river course extension and diversion, remain intact. As economy grows and climate changes, there is an increasing trend of flood risk. Climate change wil lead to more extreme weather events such as floods, floods induced river course shifting, and strong sea storm surges, etc, In response to the current flood risks faced by the region, this study proposes strengthening water and sediment regulation and sediment reduction in the estuary, extending the life-time of existing river course, while planning an alterna

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黄河三角洲是我国最后一个尚未开发的三角洲，具有极大的经济发展潜力。随着《黄河三角洲高效生态经济区发展规划》正式批复，亟待对黄河三角洲粗放的产业集群进行产业结构优化升级。着重分析黄河三角洲产业集群结构在发展中存在的主要问题，如产业结构矛盾突出，产业集群存在同质同构，产业集群集聚度不高，技术创新能力依然过低等。在具体分析、定位黄三角地区产业集群问题的基础上，以使黄三角地区能够实现产业集群健康发展为目标，针对三次产业结构、区域经济一体化、人才科技创新、开放水平和制度建设给出具体的路径，在解决黄三角地区产业集群现存问题的同时，进一步明确了产业结构优化升级的方向。
Yellow River Delta is the last untapped Delta,and has great potential for economic development. Along with“Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone Development Plan”officially approved,the industrial structure optimization and upgrading is need for extensive industrial clusters Yellow River Delta. We analyzed the main issues in the development of industrial clusters existing in the structure,such as the obvious contradiction between the industrial structure,the industrial clusters homogeneous isomorphism,insufficient concentration of industrial clusters,lack of technology innovation ability. Based on the analysis and positioning of Yellow triangle industrial clusters,with the goal of the healthy development of industrial clusters,for three industrial structures,regional economic integration,human resources and technological innovation,open standards and institution building,we gave specific methods. Besides addressing the existing problems of the Yellow River D

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科技创新驱动区域发展成为目前我国区域发展的核心战略之一,黄河三角洲高效生态经济区国家战略的实施离不开科技创新驱动发展的有力支撑。首先从科技角度提出了黄河三角洲"生态科技"发展特色的战略基点:"技术-科学"和"技术-工程"双驱动策略。然后在对国外创新战略概述和国内区域创新驱动分析基础上,结合国内外区域发展创新三螺旋创新主体理论,基于技术科学的创新驱动模式理论提出了以体制改革为动力、政产学研合作为界面、科技创新平台为引擎的黄河三角洲创新驱动战略框架体系。并结合黄河三角洲科技现状,提出了相应的建议。
S&T innovation driven the regional development becomes one of the most important strategic cores of regional ec-onomic development in China nowadays. The Yellow River Delta becomes the efficient ecological economic zone of country level. S&T innovation is critical power for its development. According to the national strategic plan, the basic strategic topic with the nature of ecology-technology is the foundation of development of the Yellow River Delta efficient ecological economic zone. Compared to U.S, EU and Yangtze River Delta and so on, some common characters and models are founded. The strategic system is built based on Technology-Science. The strategic model includes two critical parts: one is the technology-science model, the other one is technology-engineering model. The power of development is the reform of S&T administration system , and new style of cooperation among academies, industries and governments is showed. The platform of innovation is the driven strength for regio

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由于地理位置、地形、地下水埋深等原因,黄河三角洲土壤盐渍化严重,可利用的土地属于盐碱耕地型中低产田,但作为我国重要的后备耕地资源,其改良利用具有重要的战略意义。目前,对于黄河三角洲盐渍土改良措施主要有暗管排盐、修筑台田、土壤肥力提升、覆盖抑盐、土壤改良剂、咸水及雨水高效利用、耐盐作物筛选及种植等技术,进一步开展水肥盐优化调控、植物耐盐机理及根际土壤耐盐微生物的筛选工作,从而为黄河三角洲盐碱耕地型中低产田改造及利用提供科学依据。
The soil in the Yellow River Delta is seriously saliferous because of its geographic location , topography , groundwater buried depth, etc.The available land in this area belongs to saline -alkali-type medium-low-yielding farmland.As the impor-tant reserved cultivated land resources in China , the improvement and use of this type of land have important strategic significance . Now the techniques for the improvement of the saline -alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta include eliminating salt through under-ground pipes , building platform field , improving soil fertility , inhibiting salt by covering , applying soil conditioners , high -effi-ciently using saline water and rainwater , screening and planting salt -tolerant crops, etc.Further conducting the studies on the opti-mized regulation of water -fertilizer-salt, salt-tolerant mechanism of plants , and screening of salt -tolerant microorganisms in the rhizospheric soil is important , and can provide scientific basis for the improvem

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