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双语推荐：龙胆科

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滇龙胆草(Gentiana rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl.)为龙胆科(Gentianaceae)龙胆属(Gentiana Linn.)多年生草本植物,主要分布于云南、四川、贵州、湖南和广西等地,生长于山坡、草地、灌丛、林下及山谷中[1]。该种为传统中药龙胆的基源植物,其干燥根及根茎均可入药,具有清热燥湿和泻肝胆火的功效[2]。因其资源需求量逐年增加,滇龙胆草的人工种植越来越普遍,并出现了多种种植模式[3]。目前滇龙胆草主要种植模式有单一种植和林药复合种植,常见的有滇龙胆草与茶树〔Camellia
Effect of different planting patterns on total secoiridoid glycoside content in different parts of Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl. was researched. The results show that different planting patterns have significant or extremely significant effects on total secoiridoid glycoside content in root, stem and leaf of G. rigescens. Total secoiridoid glycoside content in root is the highest under planting pattern of G. rigescens - Alnus nepalensis D. Don and is the lowest under planting pattern of G. rigescens-Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne, that in stem is the highest under single planting pattern of G. rigescens and is the lowest under planting pattern of G. rigescens-Juglans regia Linn., and that in leaf is the highest under planting pattern of G. rigescens-Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. and is the lowest under single planting pattern of G. rigescens.

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龙胆药材具有健胃,利胆保肝,利尿,抗菌等作用;它被广泛应用于医药,食品,化妆品,农药等多个领域。迄今为止,龙胆中的龙胆苦苷,当药苷,当药苦苷,龙胆碱,龙胆三糖都有较多研究,但是有关龙胆中黄酮的研究却很少。本文目的在于研究龙胆中的总黄酮含量,扩大龙胆的应用范围。实验以龙胆科植物东北龙胆为原料,采用索氏提取器,碱提酸沉法为主要提取方法,考查黄酮提取分离方法,运用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,用芦丁标准品作标准曲线,得线性回归方程,算出总黄酮含量为0.947mg/g,实验结果对龙胆黄酮资源的开发和利用方面具有一定参考价值。
Medicine of gentian contributes to stomach, liver and gallbladder, diuretic and anti-bacteria. It has been widely used in medicine, food, cosmetics, pesticides, and other fields. So far, gentiopicroside which in gentian, swertia- glycosides, swertia-bitter-glycosides, Long choline, and gentianose have been researched a lot, but gentian flavonoids have been not. The objec-tive in this article is to research the amount of flavonoid that in gentian, and to expand the scope of application of flavonoid. The North-east gentianaceae which belongs to Gentian discipline, is the main raw material in this experiment. The Soxhlet extractor is used in the experiment. The use of alkali to extract, and acid to precipitate is the main method to extract and seperate flavonoid. UV-spectropho-tometry method is used to measure the amount of flavonoid. Standard with rutin as the standard curve, the linear regression equation. Measuring result of the amount of flavonoids is 0.947mg/g. The experimental resul

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龙胆科龙胆属滇龙胆( Gentiana rigescens)与獐牙菜属青叶胆( Swertia mileensis)为我国特有种。采用高效液相色谱法测定其中马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷和当药苷含量，结合多变量分析研究环烯醚萜类成分含量及其构成比例在龙胆科植物种内和种间的差异。研究结果显示，4种环烯醚萜类成分的计量特征呈现种间差异，依据环烯醚萜类成分含量及其构成比例，所有滇龙胆样品可分为4类。马钱苷酸含量与纬度呈极显著负相关( R＝－0?348， P0?05)。
Gentiana rigescens and Swertia mileensis belonged to Gentianaceae are endemic plants in China. Four iri￣doids ( loganic acid,swertiamarin, gentiopicroside and sweroside) in G?rigescens and S?mileensis were determined by HPLC￣DAD. Their chemometrics characterizations were analyzed with multiple statistical analyses. The results showed that there were differences of chemometrics characterization of the iridoids between the two species. All the samples of G?rigescens could be classified into four groups based on contents and percentage contents of the four iri￣doids. Content of loganic acid had significant negative correlation with longitude ( R=-0?348, P 0?05) in the study.

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对龙胆科三种地格达类蒙药材扁蕾、椭圆叶花锚、肋柱花的粉末及茎的横切片进行显微鉴别研究,为地格达类蒙药材的鉴定和开发利用提供参考.方法:用光学显微镜观察.结果:在三种蒙药材粉末中观察到了相同的气孔轴式、螺纹导管和纤维,及各不相同的花粉粒、叶表皮细胞和腺毛.在三者的茎横切片均可见表皮、皮层、韧皮部、木质部和髓,但构造形态有较大差异.结论:以上显微特征对龙胆科地格达类蒙药的鉴别具有一定意义.
Objective:Study the microscopical characters of Gentianopsis barbata, Halenia elliptica and Lomatogonium carinthiacum which are the resource of “Digeda”, to provide the reference for the identification and utilization of this Mongolian medicine. Methods:Microscopic identification. Results:In the three kinds of Mongolian medicinal powder, stomata type, spiral vessel and fiber have the same characteristic; pollen grain, epidermal cells, trichome have the different characteristic. All the three kind of the stem have epidermis, cortex, phloem, xylem and pith, but their structure and characteristic is different. Conclusion: The microscopic characteristics of the three Digeda species is tipycal.

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目的探讨龙胆泻肝汤外用联合TDP照射对老年带状疱疹患者的疗效。方法我科自2010年9月～2013年10月收治的90例带状疱疹患者,随机分为两组,治疗组45例用龙胆泻肝汤外用配合TDP照射并联合应用抗病毒、维生素治疗,对照组45例应用抗病毒、维生素进行治疗。结果治疗组疼痛开始减轻时间及皮损开始结痂时间分别为2.42±1.62天、6.21±1.44天,对照组分别为7.05±1.74天、7.85±1.78天,有显著差异,两组治疗期间未发现不良反应。结论龙胆泻肝汤外用联合TDP照射治疗带状疱疹并针对老年带状疱疹患者的特点精心护理不但能够提高疗效,而且可以明显缩短疗程。
Objective To explore the Effect of Longdan Xiegan decoction plus TDP exposure on the elder herpes zoster pa -tients.Methods From Sep 2010 to Oct 2013,90 cases of herpes zoster were divided into two groups randomly ,45cases of therapeu-tic group applied Longdan Xiegan decoction plus TDP exposure combined antivirus and vitamine ,45 cases of control group applied antivirus and vitamine only.Results The time of the pain began to ease and the drug rash forms a scab in therapeutic group were 2.42 ±1.62d and 6.21 ±1.44d, it were 7.05 ±1.74d and 7.85 ±1.78d in control group, significant difference between them.During treatment ,no ill response appeared.Conclusion Treatment of Longdan Xiegan decoction plus TDP exposure on the elder herpes zoster patients combined with aborative and special nursing not only enhanced effect ,but also shortened course obviously.

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獐牙菜属是龙胆科中的一个大属,广泛分布于亚洲、北美洲、欧洲和非洲.本文报道獐牙菜属下的两个新组(sect.Montana和sect.Echinulata)和七个新系(ser.Repentes,ser.Kilimandscharicae,ser.Coombosae,ser.Japonicae,ser.Swertopsis,ser.Pumilae和ser.Abyssinicae).同时对獐牙菜属中的一些类群进行了分类修订,本分类纲要将被獐牙菜属世界专著采用.
Swertia is one large genus of Gentianaceae with a wide distribution in Asia,North America,Europe and Africa.In this study,we reported two new sections (Montana and Echinulata) and seven new series (Repentes,Kilimandscharicae,Corymbosae,Japonicae,Swertopsis,Pumilae,and Abyssinicae).In addition,some species were reduced,recombined and newly established.These new taxonomic synopses will be used for a further worldwide monograph of this genus.

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