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双语推荐:Lloyd

提出了一种双Lloyd镜数字全息显微测量技术.其基本思想是将Lloyd镜的共光束自干涉特性与双波长光学相位解包裹方法相结合,使用两个Lloyd镜调节参考光与物光夹角以形成共光束自干涉,从而获得一张双波长复合全息图,再通过角谱法再现得到每个波长对应的包裹相位,利用两波长的相位差求得解包裹后的相位图和三维高度分布图.采用532和632 nm两波长记录全息图,通过数值再现重构被测物体的振幅和相位信息.与标定值相比,实验值的误差小于5%,证明了该方法的有效性.
We propose a digital holographic microscopy (DHM) setup employing a configuration with two Lloyd’s mirrors, which is based on self-referencing and dual-wavelength optical phase unwrapping. We use two Lloyd’s mirrors to fold the beam which does not exhibit sample structure and acts as the reference beam, returning onto itself to form a dual-wavelength hologram. Two wrapped phase images for every wavelength are reconstructed by angular spectrum method. Then the wrapped phase image and the three-dimensional profile image are acquired by dual-wavelength optical unwrapping method. In the experiment, we use two lasers of different wavelengths of 532 and 632 nm to record a hologram. Numerical methods are subsequently applied to reconstruct the hologram to enable direct access to both phase and amplitude information. The quantitative experimental results with dual-wavelength DHM involve a deviation less than 5%from the calibration values. The validity of this method is demonstrated.

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伦敦劳合社是世界上最独特的保险市场,历经325年发展的劳合社,已经创造出了独有的运作模式并保证其有效运作。在简要介绍劳合社的发展历史、运行机制和主要业务构成的基础上,着重分析了劳合社近五年的经营业绩以及资本和偿付能力。
Lloyd’ s of London is the world''s most unique insurance market .Throughout its nearly 325 years of devel-opment , it has created a unique mode of operation which is ensuring its effective operation .Based on Lloyd ’ s his-tory of development , operation mechanism and the main business , this article focuses on performance as well as capital and solvency of Lloyd ’ s in nearly 5 years.

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利用语音信号在离散余弦变换( DCT)域的近似稀疏性和量化压缩感知理论,文中提出一种基于量化压缩感知的语音压缩编码方案。编码端利用压缩感知技术,将语音信号投影成数据量大大减少的观测序列,然后对观测序列采用Lloyd-Max量化得到量化后的观测样值;解码端直接利用量化后的观测样值,结合重构算法重构出原始语音信号的DCT系数,经过DCT反变换得到重构后的语音信号,并采用后置低通滤波器改善重构语音的听觉效果。该编码方案解码端不需要进行反量化,而是直接利用量化后的观测样值进行重构,有效降低了解码端的运算量及复杂度。仿真结果表明:采用量化迭代硬阈值(QIHT)算法重构效果优于迭代硬阈值算法(IHT),重构语音的信噪比能达到20 dB以上,MOS分达到3.26。
Utilizing the sparsity of Discrete Cosine Transform ( DCT) coefficients of speech signal and the theory of quantized compressed sensing,a novel speech coding scheme based on Quantized Compressed Sensing ( QCS) is proposed in this paper. Based on CS theory, the speech signal is transformed into measurement sequence at encoder side,by which the size of the data set is significantly reduced. Af-ter quantizing the measurement sequence by Lloyd-Max scheme,the sample value of measurement is gained. At decoder side,together with reconstruction algorithm,the DCT coefficients can be reconstructed by the measurements. The speech signal can be reconstructed af-ter DCT inverse transform. The quality of reconstructed speech signal can be improved by post low-pass filter. The speech signal can be directly reconstructed by the quantized measurements without inverse quantization,leading to the reduction of computation and complexity in decoder site. The simulation results show that the perfo
对西方建筑的巴洛克与洛可可风格以及印象主义风格中的艺术语意进行分析,说明艺术语意信息在西方建筑中的表现。
This article analyzes the influence of music, painting, architecture, and poetry during the baroque period and also introduces the theories of Frank Lloyd Wright:"Poetry is essential to the human soul".

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大尺寸码本设计是有限反馈干扰对齐面临的关键问题之一,最优矢量量化码本设计问题可以等价为格拉斯曼线性装箱问题,只在某些特定条件下才存在解析解,通常采用计算机搜索或者信源编码中矢量量化算法求解,计算复杂度高,不利于大尺寸码本设计。从降低大尺寸码本设计计算复杂度出发,该文提出一种基于加速全面学习粒子群优化的码本设计算法。在全面学习粒子群优化算法实现简单,对非线性问题,特别是多峰值问题具有较强全局搜索能力的基础上,通过向最优粒子学习提高算法初期收敛速度,通过最大运动速度缩减提高算法后期收敛速度和算法性能。试验结果表明,无论是相对于经典粒子群优化算法和全面学习粒子群优化算法,还是相对于广义Lloyd算法,新算法均能在降低算法复杂度的同时提高算法性能。
Finding the optimal codebook is one of the key problems for interference alignment with limited feedback, it is equivalent to line packing issue in the Grassmannian manifold. Because analytical construction of the optimal codebook is possible only in very special cases, numerical search algorithms or generalized vector quantization algorithms for source coding are often sought to obtain near-optimal codebooks, but these algorithms characterize with poor performance and high complexity. In order to reduce the complexity of codebook construction, a new accelerative Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (CLPSO) algorithm is proposed. The convergence rate during the early period of the algorithm is speeded by studying of the best particle, the convergence rate during the later period is speeded and the performance of the algorithm is improved through reduction the maximum velocity of particles based on the CLPSO algorithm’s advantage of easy implementation, performing well on

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采用非线性有限法进行舰船极限强度计算,并结合劳氏军规中关于极限强度的要求进行极限强度评估。依据极限强度评估结果,确定模型试验的研究对象,基于非线性有限元计算和模型试验结果进行实船极限强度预报,形成一套非线性有限元法和模型试验相结合的实船极限强度预报方法,为舰船的极限强度计算和试验提供参考。
Ultimate strength of a warship is calculated by non-linear FEM and is evaluated according to the requirements of Lloyd’s Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Naval Ships. It determines the study subject for the model test based on the evaluation, and forecasts the real ship ultimate strength based on the calculation from the nonlinear FEM and model test results. It finally forms a method to predict the real ship ultimate strength by the combination of nonlinear FEM and model test, which can provide reference for the calculation and test of the ultimate strength of warships.

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埃尔文·罗斯和劳埃德·沙普利因为在"稳定配置的理论和市场设计的实践"研究方面所做的突出贡献而获得2012年诺贝尔经济学奖。本文分析了两位学者获奖的理论背景,介绍了稳定匹配和市场设计两个领域的理论演进与实践应用,并进行了若干有针对性的评析。本文认为,这两位学者的贡献直接推动了大量重要的现实市场的成功再设计,该领域在未来将会持续成长并拥有广阔前景,国内研究人员有必要加强跟踪和学习。
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for 2012 was awarded to Alvin E. Roth and Lloyd S. Shapley for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design. The paper analyzed the theoretical background of two scholars, made a brief introduction of the theory revolution and practice about the stable alloca-tions and the market design, and provided some special remarks. The two scholars’ distribution promoted lots of successful redesign of important practical markets. We can expect that this area will continually grow up and have a good prospect. Re-search fellows in China should tail after and study the theory in this area.

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自2012年10月保监会公布了保险资金可以投资境外的政策后,中国平安于2013年5月买下了英国伦敦地标性建筑劳合社大楼,正式拉开了保险资金投资境外不动产的帷幕。境外投资对保险公司而言,既是机遇,又是一个全新的挑战,在投资国内不动产的经验尚浅的情况下,保险公司应做好充分的准备,全面认识投资境外不动产面临的风险.本文将分析保险资金投资境外不动产的风险要素,为保险资金的运用提供建议。
In October 2012, CIRC announced the new policy which allowed the investment of insurance funds overseas, since then, Ping An Insurance bought the London landmarks Lloyd''s building in May 2013, which started overseas real estate investment of insurance funds ofifcially. For insurance companies, overseas investment is both an opportunity and challenge. In the absence of experience, the insurance company should be well prepared. In order to understand the risks of overseas real estate investment in an all-round way. This article will analyse the risk factors of overseas real estate investment of insurance funds, and then offer advice for the use of insurance funds.

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应用有限元法和流体边界元法得到导管在空气中和水中的固有频率和振型,并对不同的加强方案进行比较分析,最终确定合适的导管结构设计方案。根据IACS共同结构规范(CSR)及德国劳氏船级社(GL RULES)关于船体载荷的要求,对前置导管结构在实际运营中可能受到的载荷进行定量分析。通过建立前置导管三维有限元模型,根据不同载荷组合对导管结构应力水平进行有限元分析校核。并利用简单的力学模型,探讨了导管结构设计验证的方法和剖面模数估算公式。
An assessment on resonance risk for a wake equalizing duct is made in this article. By using finite element method and boundary element method, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the wake equalizing duct are got in both air and water. Different strengthening methods are compared and analyzed, and appropriate wake equalizing duct structure design is determined ultimately. According to the requirements of hull load by IACS Common Structural Rules (CSR) and Germanischer Lloyd (GL Rules), possible load on the wake equalizing duct structure in actual operations is analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element model of wake equalizing duct is established, and structural stress levels under various combinations of loads are checked. Design methods of wake equalizing duct structure are investigated by using a simple mechanical model and estimation formulae are verified with finite element analysis.

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