由于傩文化传承人的相继谢世、多元生活的冲击、经济发展的影响、人们对傩舞认知的偏差和心灵归宿的弱化等,湛江傩舞濒临失传的境地。应把傩舞置放于生态环境、文化特性、地域民风民俗的相互联系与作用中,从战略高度开展对湛江傩舞的整体性保护,包括:保护原生态舞蹈及其依凭的祠堂文化,建造傩文化博物馆,维护傩舞知识产权,借用数字技术做好傩舞资料记录整理工作,积极开展傩舞的网络传播,校地合作编写本土傩舞教材等。

Zhanjiang Nuo dance has been almost endangered because of the successive death of Nuo cul-tural inheritors ,the impact of diversified life and economic development ,as well as human''s cognitive devi-ation and weakness of spiritual world in Zhanjiang Nuo dance .Therefore ,we should closely connect Zhan-jiang Nuo dance with the ecological environment ,cultural characteristics and regional folk customs .More-over ,we should protect Zhanjiang Nuo dance as a whole from a strategic height ,which includes the pro-tection of the original dance and its dependent ancestral temple culture ,the establishment of Nuo culture museums ,the maintainance of intellectual property rights of Nuo dance ,the recording and sorting the data of Nuo dance by digital technique ,the spreading the culture of Nuo dance in the Internet actively and the writing of local Nuo dance teaching material by the cooperation of schools and native place .

桂林傩面具曾在宋代全国闻名,至今在民俗学、美学上也有很大的研究价值。纸傩面具相较木刻傩面具保存难、数量少,文献资料罕有记载。经过多次走访调查桂林本地纸傩面具制作的民间艺人倪普仁老人后,最终详细记录并整理出了桂林纸傩面具的工艺制作流程。这在傩文化这一非物质文化遗产的保护与整理研究中具有重要地位。

Guilin Nuo masks had been known nationwide in the Song Dynasty. It has a great research value so far in the folkloreand aesthetics. Compared with the woodcut Nuo mask,the Paper Nuo mask is harder to be preserved, its quantity is less and the literature about it is rarely recorded. The detailed records of Guilin Paper Nuo mask production processes through multiple interviews and investigations play an important role in the Nuo culture of non-material cultural heritage protection and finishing.

傩戏面具是傩仪与戏剧表演相结合的民俗艺术形式,作为中国文化的另类记号,它有自己一整套程式化、结构化的记号概念和演述系统。根据傩戏面具的纹样图案、五官造型考察傩戏面具的层级迁延与群落形态的类型学意义及其细节特质,有助于我们进一步认知这一借由行动和表演形成的、与固有的文字书写史相区别的另一维度的演述史。傩戏围绕面具完成了艺术与宗教、物质与非物质的转换机制,演述着与人有关、与天堇有关、与神鸟有关、与人类精神愉悦与灵魂自由有关的密码记号——待时而动、知行合一、超越现世苦难、自由在地行走。傩戏面具的背后蕴含着穿透历史与时光的非物质之"道"。

Nuo opera mask is a combination folk art form of Nuo and drama. As an offbeat mark of Chinese culture, it has a set of stylized, structured mark concept and system. To investigate significance and detailed characteristics of persistent and community level of Nuo opera masks from the mask patterns and features will contribute to our further cognition of another dimension of the history of differences between Nuo opera which is formed by action and performance, and natural writing history of natural language. By via of masks, Nuo opera completes a transformation mechanism of art and religion, matter and antimatter, performs a password mask that is related to human being, Days of cordierite, pleasure of human spirit and freedom of soul--Bide one?s time, and beyond this life, suffering, free to walk. The Nuo mask contains an intangible way that can pass through time and history.

本文以参加国家黄淮区域试验的19个糯玉米品种为材料,分析了糯玉米的11个农艺性状与鲜穗产量表现。结果表明,参加区试的糯玉米品种,鲜穗产量最高的是西星白糯2号,其次是郑彩糯1号、莱农糯6号,科泰糯2号的鲜穗产量最低。为今后推广高产的新品种及种植生产提供重要依据。

As 19 waxy maize varieties participating in the Huanghuai regional test for materials, this article analyses 11 agronomic character and fresh ear field of the fresh - eatable waxy maize. The results show that the fresh ear field of Xi xing bai nuo -2 is highest, secondly, Zheng eai nuo -1 and Lai nong nuo -6 are better, and the Ke tai nuo-2 is the least. The consultant win be provided for further promotion of high yietd of the new varieties and crop production.

傩仪是中国传统傩文化的重要组成部分,据《论语·乡党》中记载:"乡人傩,朝服而立于阼阶",从孔子这一举止中不难看出他对"乡人傩"的重视。"阼阶"是宗庙之阶,孔子"立于阼阶"是为了接近祖先,使其不被狂呼奔走的驱傩队伍所惊扰。这一举止与孔子"重祭祀远鬼神"思想相吻合,其背后隐藏的是孔子借驱傩活动缓解民众紧张情绪的张弛结合的治国之道。

The ceremony of Nuo is an important part of traditional Chinese Nuo culture. According to The Analects of Confucius·Xiang Dang:“When the countrymen were taking part in the activity of‘Nuo’, Confucious was standing on the ‘Zuo’ steps wearing the court dress”. It is not hard to see that Confucious has paid great attention to the “ceremony of Nuo hold by countrymen”from his actions. “Zuo steps”is a kind of step inside of the temple. The reason why Confucius“stands on Zuo step”is that he wants to stay close to ancestors so that it will not be scared by the team used to run. The behavior is consistent with the thought “value on sacrifice and stay away from ghosts” which is put forward by Confucius. Hidden behind the activity to expel “Nuo” is a way to run the country which is a combination of relaxation. And also the conduct is a great method to relieve tension.