选取大兴安岭地区30年的气象资料,分析大兴安岭山脉对寒潮天气过程的影响。结果表明:大兴安岭山脉对寒潮冷空气的南下有一定的阻碍作用,寒潮天气过程对大兴安岭岭北坡的影响强度要比南坡大,造成了大兴安岭山脉北坡的气候相对于南坡更加寒冷干燥。

The selection of Daxing''an Mountain range nearly 30 years meteorological data, to analyze the impact of cold wave weather process in Daxing''an Mountain range region .The results show that the Daxing''an Mountain range region have negative effects on the southward cold air , and stronger during the cold weather effects on the north slope than on the south slope .so the north slope is more colder and dry.

提本文通过动物实验初步探讨了寒潮天气发生过程中对高血压疾病的影响。在张书余等（2013）研究的基础上，应用TEM1880气象环境模拟箱模拟寒潮温压变化，将27只健康大鼠按每组3个随机分为9组，分别为空白对照组、最低温前3 h组、最低温前1h组、最低温组、最低温后1h组、最低温后3h组、全过程结束组、全过程结束后5h组和全过程结束后7h组，放入模拟箱内，使其受寒潮天气影响，按照寒潮天气过程发生的不同时间先后分批取出实验大鼠，测量各组大鼠的收缩压、心率、体重，并通过腹主动脉采血测量血脂、去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及全血粘度等。实验结果分析表明，在寒潮天气发生过程中，冷锋通过后，受冷高压控制，气温迅速下降，当气温达到最低时，全血粘度、去甲肾上腺素和血管紧张素Ⅱ等上升到最大值，致使健康大鼠血压升高，并维持到寒潮天气影响结束以后还不能立刻恢复正常。

Based on Zhang Shuyu’s research (2013),the impact of cold wave on hypertension disease is preliminarily discussed through the animal experiments.The cold wave process is simulated in the environ-mental test chamber (TEM1880).At the same time,27 healthy rats are randomly divided into the control group,3 hours beforeTmin(minimum temperature)group,1 hour beforeTmin group,Tmin group,1 hour af-terTmin group,3 hours afterTmin group,cold wave process group,5 hours after the cold wave process group,7 hours after the cold wave process group,respectively.Each group has 3 rats.All the groups ex-cept the control group are exposed to the cold environment and taken out in accordance with the developing progress of cold wave respectively.The following indexes are measured:systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR),weight,blood lipid,noradrenaline (NA),angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ),whole blood viscos-ity (WBV),etc.The experimental results show that the air temperature decreases rapidly under

2009年5月24日夜间～26日夜间,新疆地区自西向东出现了明显的降水、大风、降温天气过程。为研究此次天气过程中天山地形的作用,文中用WRFV3.1模式对其进行了数值模拟,并通过改变天山山脉的地形高度设计了一组敏感性试验,分析了天山地形对此次强天气过程中大风和降温的影响。结果表明,天山山脉地形对准格尔盆地西北部直至天山山脉北侧的气流有明显的阻挡与减缓作用,对三十里风区、百里风区、汗腾格里峰北坡强风带的形成有直接而重要的作用;地形高度越高,产生垂直运动的地形抬升机制越强,地形强迫抬升作用产生的垂直上升运动越剧烈;天山山脉明显地减轻了寒潮天气过程中南疆塔里木盆地的降温幅度,对准格尔盆地北部的寒潮降温幅度也有一定的减缓作用,对塔里木盆地的"保温"作用较准格尔盆地明显。

A rainstorm accompanied by gale and cold wave occurred from the night of 24th till the night of 26th, May 2009 in Xinjiang. To learn the orographic function of Tianshan mountain upon this weather process, the au- thors numerically simulated it by WRFV3. 1 and then designed a set of terrain sensitive experiments through changing the orographic height of Tianshan Mountain. It was found that Tianshan Mountain plays a great part not only in obstructing and retarding the air stream range form the northwest part of Zhunger Basin to the north slope of Tianshan Mountain, but also in forming the gale band in 30 - Miles - wind region and 1 - hundred - miles - wind Region as well as the north slope of Hantengeli peak. The higher the orographic height of the mountain is, the stronger the forcing uplifting function it possess, and the more fierce vertical rising movement it would cause. Furthermore, Tianshan Mountain significantly alleviates the extent of cooling down in Tanlimu Basin and Zhunger B

蒸腾耗水是植被水分利用的重要方式和重要过程之一，对植物养分输送﹑生长发育﹑应对和缓解干旱胁迫以及改善区域微气候等都具有重要意义.研究以半干旱黄土区的油松植被为例，基于四针式热扩散探针法监测树干液流的动态变化，探讨其蒸腾耗水规律，分析油松树种的水分利用方式及对生存环境的适应能力.结果表明，油松的液流速率具有明显的季节性差异，不同月份的液流速率以4月最低，其次为10月﹑9月和8月，分别为0.024﹑0.057﹑0.062和0.071 mL?( cm2?min)-1.液流速率的日变化在各个时期都呈现昼高夜低趋势，夜间液流速率较低，但不为零.在降雨事件影响下，夜间液流量在日液流总量中的比重明显增加，是晴朗天气的3.9倍，而白天液流量所占比重下降31.8％.寒潮期间液流速率表现出相似的变化趋势，对突变环境具有较强的适应能力.油松液流速率与气象因子显著相关，对液流速率影响的大小顺序为：太阳辐射﹥水汽压亏缺﹥相对湿度﹥大气温度.

Transpiration is one of the major processes of water consumption. It is significant for nutrients transportation, plant development, drought stress alleviation and micro-climate amelioration. In this study, the artificially planted Chinese pine ( Pinus tabuliformis) was selected as an example to explore its transpiration characteristics, water-use strategies and the adaptability of the living environment in a typical loess hilly area of China. The results showed that:the sap flow rates of Chinese pine varied obviously in different seasons. The minimum sap flow rate occurred in April, followed by October, September and August, which was 0. 024, 0. 057, 0. 062 and 0. 071 mL?(cm2?min) -1, respectively. The rule of the diurnal variation of sap flow rate was regular, higher in daytime than at night. The flow rate was low during nighttime, but not zero. In rainfall events, the proportion of sap flow during nighttime was significantly increased, which was 3. 9 times of that on sunny