吴敬梓的《儒林外史》作为中国讽刺文学的巅峰之作，是通过小说来对现实生活进行评价的典型例子。小说使用现实主义手法刻画了各类人士对于“功名富贵”的不同表现，选家就是其中一类。本篇论文将选家作为研究对象，着重从选家产生的历史背景，以马二先生、匡超人、蘧公孙为代表的选家形象分析以及作者吴敬梓和小说中的人物对选家的态度这三个方面进行撰写，以进一步深化小说主题。

"The scholars" by Wu Jingzi, as a culmination work of satire, is a typical example of real life evaluation through the novel. The novel uses realism to depict the different performance of all kinds of people for the"fame and wealth", and Xuan Jia is one of this kind. This paper takes Xuan Jia as the research object, and is emphatically writ-ten from the three aspects, that is the historical background of Xuan Jia, the analysis of the image of Xuan Jia repre-sented by Mr Maer, Kuang Chaoren, and Qu Gongsun, and attitude to Xuan Jia by the author, Wu Jingzi, and the characters in the novel, in order to futher deepen the novel''s theme.

刘大櫆以诗文流芳，吴敬梓以小说传世。二人生活时代相同，地缘相近，人生经历和思想认识有诸多相通之处。特别是两人都分别通过不同方式对科举制度的弊端进行了有力的揭露和批判，在时代进步中发挥了积极作用。通过对他们的科举经历和科举观加以比较，既有利于我们全面客观地认识刘大櫆的思想全貌及历史地位，也有利于我们理解和研究吴敬梓及《儒林外史》，从而更好地看清两人生活时代科举制度对知识分子的禁锢和摧残。

Liu Dakui is famous for his poems ,while Wu Jingzi is known to the world for his novels .The two contemporaries who lived not far from each other have a lot in common so far as their life experiences and philosophy are concerned .Especially ,both of them have sharply re‐vealed and criticized the abuses of Imperial Examination ,w hich has played a positive role in the social progress .The comparison between their life experiences and philosophy of Imperial Exami‐nation will make scholars realize the general philosophy of Liu Dakui and his importance in histo‐ry .Thereby ,the understanding and research of Wu Jingzi and his The Scholars can be promoted and the slavery and devastation of the Imperial Examination policy on the scholars of their era can be observed .