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双语推荐：意译

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"直译"和"意译"是百年难题,"直译"和"意译"没有统一的定义。翻译理论界一直把"直译"和"意译"的重点放在对译文和原文形式的比较上,认为重形式的翻译是"直译",不重形式的翻译是"意译"。深入研究发现,"直译"和"意译"与形式无关,与词义有关,此观点是"直译"和"意译"重新定义的基础,因此推出翻译方法不是"直译"和"意译",而是"直译""意译"和"直译加意译"。"音译"是一个习以为常的术语,然而是一个错误的术语。
Direct translation and meaning translation are difficult and they have no united definitions these years .The focus of literal translation and liberal translation is on the comparison between the target language and the source language in translation theories .Translation with focus on form is regarded as literal translation ,conversely ,liberal translation .New studies discover that direct translation and meaning translation are not necessarily related with the form of the language but only with the meaning of the words .This point is the foundation of the new definitions of direct translation and meaning translation .Therefore ,the method of “Transliteration” does not mean only direct translation or meaning translation ,but direct translation and meaning translation .T ransliteration is a common term but a w rong one .

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目前中医术语英译存在许多混乱现象,应逐步加以规范。在归化法和异化法之间,应以归化法为主,适当采用异化法;在音译和意译之间,应以意译为主,没有合适意译方法时,方采取音译;释译法行文冗长,应尽量少用;拉丁语翻译本质上仍是一种注释,应尽量避免。
The confusion of English translation for terms in Traditional Chinese Medicine should be gradually regulated. We suggest that naturalization is prior to alienation, translation is prior to transliteration, and interpretation of translation and Latin translation should be avoided because of their lengthy wording.

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指出中文报刊新词英译中存在的主要问题,提出在不同情况下可以采取直译、意译、直译加意译、借用英语俗语、借用英语拼缀法的翻译策略,从而达到有效传达报刊新词内涵的目的。
It pointed out the problems in translation in this paper of neologisms,utilized literal translation, free translation,English colloquialisms and blending on different occasions to convey their meanings effec-tively in the translation of Chinese media neologisms.

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首先介绍了语用等值翻译的基本概念,并对粤菜菜名的特点进行归纳分类,然后以语用等值为视角,针对不同粤菜菜名的类别提出了直译法、意译法、直译加意译法、加注法等英译方法,并对一些代表性的菜名给出了参考译文。
This paper supplies the suggested category of the Cantonese cuisines names based on the analysis of their characteristics,and then adopts the perspective of pragmatic equivalence to provide some methods for the cuisine names.These methods include literal translation,free translation,literal plus free translation and annotation.

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汉英互译法不但有直译和意译，还有一种叫反义翻译。反义翻译是互译中不可缺少的重要翻译方法。反义翻译可以弥补直译和意译的不足，并且可以和谐地反映原作者的思想，也可以更好地表达出双语的内涵。因此，反义翻译在翻译中占有不可估量的地位。
English-Chinese translation only has literal and free translations, but anti-sense translation. Anti-sense translation is one of the most indispensable important translation approaches It can remedy the shortage of literal and free translations and influ-ence the original author’s thought in harmony, and do express bilingual connotation better. So, it plays the underestimate role in the translation.

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在翻译发展史上，不乏直译和意译的比较和争论。但是过去许多学者和研究者的争论主要集中于语言文字使用层面。事实上，语言文字层次上的比较只是一个很小的方面。其实，对于文字的直译和意译的对比可以折射到更宏观的方面和更深的层次，是文化的传播和生存。
In the development of translation, there exists comparison and arguments shedding light on literal translation and free translation. But those researches put emphasis on the level of language usage. In fact, the comparison on the language usage is a tiny part. What’s more, the comparison between literal translation and free translation could reveal a further study on translation. This is, the communication and existence of the culture.

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以《吕氏春秋》的两个英译本,即翟江月译本和汤博文译本为研究对象,从全额等值和选择性等值两个方面探讨中国典籍中术语译法统一的可行性,并分析目前存在的音译、意译和释译的优缺点,最终认为音译和意译仍是目前实现术语译法统一的最佳途径。
Based on the two English versions of The Spring and Autumn of Lv Buwei translated respectively by ZHAI Jiangyue and TANG Bowen, we try to find the possibility of unification in the translation of terms in Chinese classics from the perspective of one-to-one equivalence and one-to-many equivalence. We analyse the advantages and disadvantages of transliteration, free translation and paraphrase, and final y point out that transliteration and free translation are stil the best choices in the unification of terms translation.

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以中国市场上部分知名国外品牌的翻译为例,结合消费者的文化背景和心理因素,从框架理论的视角探讨英文商标名称的翻译策略。框架对应式直译、框架衍生式意译、框架元素调整式意译、框架移植式音译、框架衍生式音译、框架置换式转义是几种常见的翻译方法,对树立产品形象、推广商品销售具有积极作用。
The present study is designed to further explore the strategies of brand name translation under Frame Theory. Incorporating Charles Fillmore''s Frame Semantics Theory into the study on English-Chinese brand name translation strategies, the study attempts to roughly classify the strategies into frame-corresponding literal translation, frame-derived free translation, frame-adjusted free translation, frame-shifted meaning-transferred translation, frame-transplanted transliteration and frame-derived transliteration, as well as taking some well-known translations of English brand names for demonstration through analyzing and comparing the frames activated respectively by the ST and TT. It turns out the six strategies proposed here can help set up product images and promote the sales of goods.

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提南朝梁代撰译佛典中的“梁言”词皆为构成音译—意译对应关系的佛教名物术语词，共计200多例。无论从数量还是从类别上看，这些梁言词都具有考释研究的价值与可行性。本文从音译用字特点、语音特点及音译意译关系对南朝梁僧伽婆罗译《孔雀王呪经》中16则“梁言”词进行释证。
The Liangyan (梁言) words in Buddhist Scriptures compiled or translated in the Southern Liang Dynasty are the Buddhist substantives and terms which form the corresponding relations between transliteration and free translation, totaling more than 200 cases. These Buddhist substantives and terms have high research value and feasibility. Regardless from quantity and category, the paper mainly researches into the 16 Liangyan(梁言) words in Kongquewangzhoujing(《孔雀王呪经》) translated by Sam3 gha-Pāla(僧伽婆罗) from the perspective of transliterating characters, features of pronunciation and the corresponding relations between transliteration and free translation.

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在中国,随着时间的推移,在对英文日化品牌翻译方式的选择上,相比之前较流行的意译,音译越来越受到人们的青睐。这与这两种翻译方式的优缺点和这一领域的特殊性都有着密切关系。如品牌本身的特殊性质使音译往往比意译起到更好的宣传效果,文化的差异性使品牌名称翻译时的词义转换受到了制约等。
As compared to free translation,transliteration has been now more and more frequently used as a way to translate foreign brands in daily chemicals. The choice of translating methods is closely associated with the merits and demerits of translating methods. The particular characteristics of the brands themselves make transliteration achieve better publicity results than free translation. And the diversity of culture could restrict the transformation of lexical meaning in the translation of brands.

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