絮凝法作为水处理工艺中常见的方法,在废水处理方面具有广阔的发展前景,主要介绍了化学絮凝,联合絮凝,磁絮凝,电絮凝,微絮凝,微生物絮凝的特点,机理,研究和应用情况,并对其在含油废水处理的应用提出了展望。

Flocculation method is a common method in oily wastewater treatment technology, has a great prospect in wastewater treatment. In this paper, the chemical flocculation, the combined flocculation, the magnetic flocculation, the electricity flocculation, the micro flocculation, and the microbial flocculation were described, and their characteristics, mechanisms, research and application situation were introduced. The forward application in oily wastewater treatment was discussed.

重质碳酸钙加入浆中前对其进行絮凝,在提高其添加量的同时尽可能使纸张强度降低最小。填料絮体特性,如絮体粒径、结构对絮凝效果有较强的影响。本文使用质量分形分析方法来确定絮体结构对絮凝系统的影响,利用光衍射光谱得到三种不同絮凝剂体系在高剪切条件下絮凝的絮体质量分析维数。该三种絮凝剂体系分别为单聚合物C-PAM、双阳离子聚合物p-DADMAC/C-PAM、大聚合物组合C-PAM/大聚合物,采用这三种絮凝剂体系对填料进行絮凝,絮凝后加到浆中抄成手抄片,然后研究其对手抄片性能的影响。研究发现,经C-PAM/大聚合物絮凝的GCC加填后的手抄片抗张指数得到了最大的改善。从质量分形分析结果可知,这是由于该絮凝剂体系使填料在絮凝过程中形成絮体更紧密,更接近于球形。手抄片截面分析也表明,采用C-PAM/大聚合物絮凝剂体系絮凝GCC絮体具有更均一的粒径。综上所述,分形分析能使我们更好地理解絮凝填料的特性和它们对纸张性能的影响：加填填料絮体越致密,越接近于球形,越有利于改善抄造纸张的抗张指数。

Prelfocculation of ifller particles before their addition to pulp stock provides the most viable and practical solution to increase ifller content while minimizing strength loss. The characteristics of ifller lfocs, such as lfoc size and structure, have a strong inlfuence on prelfocculation efifciency. The inlfuence of lfocculant systems on the structural characteristics of ifller lfocs was examined using a mass fractal analysis method. Mass fractal dimensions of ifller lfocs under high shear conditions were obtained using light diffraction spectroscopy for three different lfocculants. A single polymer (C-PAM), a dual cationic polymer (p-DADMAC/C-PAM) and a C-PAM/micropolymer system were used as lfocculants, and their effects on handsheet properties were investigated. The C-PAM/micropolymer system gave the greatest improvement in tensile index. The mass fractal analysis showed that this can be attributed to the formation of highly dense and spherical lfocs by this lfocculant.

经过一系列的选矿工艺流程处理后的氰化尾矿,粒度比较细,难以沉降,导致回水中固含量比较高,直接回用时影响浮选指标,从而限制了回水利用率的提高。针对氰化尾矿难以絮凝沉降的问题,本文研究了无机絮凝剂氧化钙、有机絮凝剂阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)及实验室研制絮凝剂(GGQ)的最佳投加量及调整尾矿浆不同pH值条件下絮凝剂的除浊性能。提出并使用"絮凝速度提高率"进行实验室自制药剂(GGQ)与市售药剂絮凝性能比较,结果表明GGQ的絮凝速度提高率为70.76%:絮凝沉降60 min,氰化尾矿浆pH值为7时添加GGQ絮凝后体系剩余浊度为34.62 NTU,综合比较絮凝速度提高率及除浊性能得出GGQ具有比HPAM、CaO优异的絮凝效果。

Due to a series of flotation, the particle size of cyanide tailings is relatively small, the cyanide tailings slurry become harder to settle, there more fine particle in the backwater, which will reduce the flotation index and the rate of backwater. To solve this problem, this paper is intended to research on flocculent settling of the cyanide tailings slurry, which has researched on the dosage of inorganic flocculent CaO, organic flocculent HPAM and self-made flocculent(GGQ), meanwhile researched on the removal performance of turbidity for cyanide tailings at different value of pH. In this paper, proposed the increased rate of flocculation speed, which was used to compare the laboratory homemade pharmacy(GGQ) with the commercially available pharmaceutical, the values of GGQ was 70.76%;When setting time was 60 min and pH was 7, added GGQ, the remaining turbidity was 34.62 NTU. By comprehensive compare we can find that GGQ has a better flocculation effect than HPAM and CAO for the incre

以淀粉生产废水作为培养基，利用从活性污泥中筛选得到的一株成团泛菌生产微生物絮凝剂。试验结果表明：发酵液中具有絮凝能力的物质绝大部分存在于离心后的上清液中；该絮凝剂溶液在100℃下保持60 min后絮凝率为93.23％；高岭土悬浊液p H值为4～9时，该絮凝剂的絮凝率均在90％以上；絮凝剂溶液在4℃和20℃存放120 h后，絮凝率分别为92.70％和92.21％。这些说明该絮凝剂具有较好的热稳定性、p H稳定性和时间稳定性。经显色反应、紫外光谱分析可确定该絮凝剂主要含多糖，通过硫酸‐苯酚比色法测得该絮凝剂中多糖含量为75.60％。

A kind of flocculant was produced by a pantoea agglomeran which was isolated from activated sludge in starch wastewater .The results indicated that most flocculating material of the fermentation broth existing in the su‐pernate .This flocculant has the flocculating rate of 92.23% after maintained 60 min at 100 ℃ .When the pH value of kaolin suspension was 4~9 ,the flocculating rate was over 90% .The flocculating activity could reach 92.70%and 92.21% after deposited for 120 h at 4 ℃ and 20 ℃ ,separately .The results showed that the flocculant has good thermostability ,stable pH and time‐stability .This flocculant was mainly polysaccharide ,which was detected by color reaction and UV analysis .The polysaccharide content was 75.60% determined by sulphuric acid‐phenol colori‐metric method .

无机高分子多阳离子铁系絮凝剂是铁盐等金属离子在水解过程中的中间产物与溶液中带负电荷的溶胶粒及不同阴离子的结合产物。介绍了无机高分子多阳离子絮凝剂中铁系絮凝剂的制备方法,包括聚磷硫酸铁絮凝剂、聚硅铁絮凝剂、聚硅铝铁絮凝剂、聚氯化铝铁絮凝剂,以及这些絮凝剂在印染废水、造纸废水、油田废水、食品工业废水、医药工业废水处理中的应用现状,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。

Ferrite series inorganic polymer cationic flocculants are the combination product of intermediates in the hydrolysis of metal ions(iron ion, etc.)with negative charge sol particles and different anion. In this paper, the preparation methods of ferrite series inorganic polymer cationic flocculants were introduced, including poly phosphate ferric sulfate flocculant, polyferric silicate flocculant, polysilicate aluminum ferric flocculant, polymeric aluminum-ferric chloride flocculant. Application of these ferrite series inorganic polymer cationic flocculants in treatment of wastewater including dyeing wastewater, papermaking wastewater, food industry wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater was discussed. At last, the future research direction of preparation method was proposed.