磷转运蛋白OsPT6为水稻Pht1家族成员之一,具有吸收和转运磷酸盐双重功能。以水稻高产品种武育粳7号的OsPT6超表达转基因材料为试材,研究磷转运蛋白OsPT6在武育粳7号磷素吸收利用中的作用。结果表明:1)OsPT6在武育粳7号的地下部表达丰度较高,同时在地下部和地上部该基因均受缺磷诱导表达量显著增加。2)OsPT6超表达后,转基因植株生长良好。正常供磷和低磷处理35d后,OsPT6超表达植株地上部和地下部干物质量都显著增加。3)OsPT6超表达转基因材料在不同浓度磷素处理后,各组织全磷含量有所增加,其中营养器官尤为显著。

As one of members of the Pht1 transporters family in rice,the phosphate transporter OsPT6 plays a broad role in Pi uptake,translocation and internal transport throughout the plant.With the OsPT6 over-expressed transgenic rice of Wuyujing 7,a high-yielding variety,we studied the roles of OsPT6 on the phosphate uptake and utilization in rice.The main results are the following:1)OsPT6 is abundantly expressed in roots of Wuyujing 7.Furthermore,the expression levels of OsPT6 in shoots and roots are induced by phosphate deficiency.2)The over-expression of OsPT6 can promote the growth of plants.The dry weight of shoots and roots of the OsPT6 over-expressed transgenic plants was significantly increased,in both sufficient- and deficient-Pi conditions for 3 5 days.3 )The total P concentration increases in different tissues and organs of OsPT6 over-expressed transgenic plants,especially in vegetable organs,at different Pi-supply levels.

【目的】以中国春遗传背景的整套B染色体双端体为材料,鉴定磷转运蛋白基因TaPHT2;1的染色体定位特征。解析不同供磷水平下,上述材料和不同磷利用效率小麦品种该基因的表达特征及其与植株干物质生产能力和磷效率特征的联系。【方法】采用溶液培养法水培中国春(CS)及该品种遗传背景的整套B染色体组双端体和不同磷效率小麦品种材料。以B染色体组供试端体为材料进行TaPHT2;1 PCR扩增,鉴定TaPHT2;1在染色体上的定位。采用半定量RT-PCR及qRT-PCR技术分析B染色体组供试端体和小麦品种TaPHT2;1的表达水平。采用常规分析技术,测定供试材料单株干重和磷吸收参数。【结果】①PCR检测发现,在CS及所有供试B染色体组双端体材料中,除缺失1B长臂的1BS外,其它所有材料均能特异扩增出目标基因TaPHT2;1,表明TaPHT2;1定位在1B长臂。②丰、缺磷条件下,TaPHT2;1在CS及除1BS外双端体根、叶中的表达均表现为叶片优势表达特征,且在叶片中表达受到低磷胁迫的诱导。TaPHT2;1在根系中的表达不受低磷逆境调控。表明TaPHT2;1在介导丰磷下磷素吸收、转运及增强低磷下植株体内磷素再度调运中可能发挥重要功能。③丰磷条件下,与CS相比,1BS的单株干重和全磷含量显著降低;缺磷条件下,1BS的单株干重与CS相比也显著下降,但全磷含量增加。表明位于1B染色体长臂后的磷转运蛋白基因TaPHT2;1,对丰、缺磷条件下的植株磷素吸收、转运具有较大影响,进一步对不同供磷水平下的植株干重产生重要调控效应。④丰磷条件下,与CS相比,1BS的单株磷累积量显著增加,磷利用效率没有改变;缺磷条件下,与CS相比,1BS的单株磷累积量没有变化,磷利用效率显著降低。不同磷利用效率品种相比,丰磷条件下,随着品种磷利用效率提高,叶片中TaPHT2;1的表达水平、单株干重、全磷含量和单株磷累积量也随着增加;缺磷条件下,随着小麦品种磷利用效率提高,叶片中TaPHT2;1的表达水平、单株干重和磷利用效率也随之增高,但全磷含量呈下降趋势,单株磷累积量品种间差异较小。因此,TaPHT2;1的表达水平与小麦品种丰、缺磷条件下的磷素吸收、利用和干物质积累能力具有紧密联系。【结论】小麦磷转运蛋白基因TaPHT2;1位于1B染色体长臂。该基因通过其特定对外界供磷水平产生应答,在较大程度上调控植株的磷素吸收和利用

[Objective] In this study, the chromosome localization of TaPHT2;1, a phosphate transporter gene in wheat, was determined by using Chinese spring (CS) and its chromosome-based ditelosimic lines of B genome. Moreover, the expression pattern of TaPHT2;1 as well as its relationship with plant dry matter production and P use efficiency was studied under high-and low-Pi conditions.[Method]The cultivar CS together with its chromosome-based ditelosimic lines of B genome as well as wheat cultivars with varied P use efficiencies was hydroponically cultured. The chromosomal localization of TaPHT2;1 was detected by PCR amplification using specific primers with genome DNA of the tested materials as the template. The expression patterns of TaPHT2;1 in CS, its chromosome-based ditelosimic lines of B genome, and wheat cultivars with different P use efficiencies were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real time PCR. The plant dry weight and P acquisition parameters of the tested materials were

【目的】植株对介质中磷素的吸收及磷素在体内器官组织间的转运,是通过位于细胞质膜上的磷转运蛋白(PT)介导完成的。高亲和PT在介导植物对低磷逆境下的磷素吸收中发挥重要作用。本研究以小麦中国春遗传背景的整套B染色体双端体为材料,对小麦高亲和PT基因TaPht1;4的染色体定位特征及其与低磷下小麦品种磷效率的联系进行系统研究,旨在为今后小麦品种磷效率分子鉴定和磷高效遗传改良提供依据。【方法】采用水培法培养中国春(CS)及其遗传背景B染色体组双端体幼苗。三叶期时收获各供试材料根系,提取各材料基因组DNA,通过PCR特异扩增TaPht1;4,鉴定TaPht1;4在染色体上定位。通过对各供试材料三叶期幼苗进行24 h低磷胁迫获取丰缺磷处理根叶样本,采用半定量RT-PCR及实时定量PCR分析TaPht1;4在丰缺磷下的表达。采用上述幼苗培养、丰缺磷处理和基因表达分析技术,研究不同磷吸收效率小麦品种磷效率参数和TaPht1;4表达特征。【结果】1)与CS及其他双端体材料能特异扩增目标基因不同,在3BS中未扩增到目标基因TaPht1;4;采用半定量RT-PCR和qPCR对丰、缺磷下CS和各双端体根、叶中TaPht1;4的表达研究表明,丰磷下各供试材料根、叶中均检测不到TaPht1;4表达,缺磷下各供试材料叶片中也均未检测到TaPht1;4表达,但在根中除3BS未检测到TaPht1;4表达外,CS和其他双端体均具有较高的TaPht1;4表达水平。表明TaPht1;4定位在3B染色体长臂,呈低磷诱导和根系特异表达特征。2)丰磷下,3BS单株干重与CS没有差异;缺磷下,与CS相比,3BS单株干重显著降低。表明缺少TaPht1;4及所在3B染色体长臂后,植株干物质生产能力受到较大影响,这可能与因缺乏该染色体臂丧失TaPht1;4造成低磷下植株的磷素吸收能力降低密切相关。3)对丰、缺磷下不同磷吸收效率6个小麦品种TaPht1;4的表达水平以及单株干重、全磷含量、磷累积量和磷效率研究表明,缺磷下各小麦品种表现为随品种磷吸收效率提高,TaPht1;4表达水平也随之增高。表明TaPht1;4表达水平与低磷下小麦品种磷素吸收能力和干物质积累具有紧密联系。【结论】小麦高亲和PT基因TaPht1;4定位在3B长臂。低磷条件下,3BS的单株干重和磷累积量较CS显著降低。丰、缺磷下,不同磷吸收效率小麦品种Ta

[Objectives]The acquisition of inorganic phosphate ( Pi) and the Pi translocation across the organs and tissues in plants is mediated by phosphate transporters ( PTs) located at the cytoplasmic membranes. The PTs with high-affinity property play critical roles in mediating the Pi absorption by plants under the Pi-limited condition. Currently, the molecular characterization and biological functions of PTs in wheat were few reported. In this study,using Chinese spring ( CS) and its ditelosimic lines of B chromosome as materials, the localization on chromosome as well as expression patterns of TaPht1; 4, a high-affinity PT gene in wheat, was systematically studied under sufficient-and deficient-Pi conditions. In addition, the relationship between the expression levels of TaPht1;4 and the plant phosphorus use efficiencies across various wheat cultivars under supply of lower phosphorous was determined to provide molecular basis for evaluation of phosphorus use efficiency across wheat cultiv

P－糖蛋白（P－gp）由MDR1基因编码，腺苷三磷酸依赖的药物外向转运蛋白，是介导药物吸收与转运动力学的关键转运体。不少药物通过核因子κB（ NF－κB）和孕烷X受体（ PXR）信号通路直接影响MDR1基因和P－gp的表达，导致P－gp的功能发生改变，从而影响药物的吸收转运。因此，本文对P－gp介导的药物转运相互作用、药物对P－gp和MDR1基因表达的影响，以及与P－gp／MDR1基因表达相关的NF－κB和PXR信号通路的研究概况进行收集与探讨，以期从基因和蛋白水平上，为研究药物吸收转运特征的变化提供一定依据。

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) dependent drug extroversion transporter which is encoded by MDR1 gene, is the key transporter that can mediate drug absorption and trans-port dynamics.Some drugs can directly affect the expression of P-gp and MDR1 gene through nuclear factor-κB ( NF-κB) and pregnane X receptor ( PXR) signaling pathways, changing the function of P-gp , and thus influencing the drug transport.Therefore, this paper reviews drug transport interactions mediated by P-glycoprotein ( P-gp ) , the effect of drugs on expression of P-gp and MDR1 gene, and research on expression of P-gp/MDR1 gene related to NF-κB and PXR signaling pathways, so as to provide a theoretical basis for research on drug absorp-tion and transport features from the gene and protein level.

SWEET基因家族是一个新的糖转运蛋白，具有2个MtN3/saliva跨膜结构域，从单细胞的原生生物到高等的真核生物中均有出现。目前对该家族功能研究较少，尽管基于MtN3/saliva的不同类型的基因已经被确定，但确切的生物学功能与该跨膜结构域的分子功能仍有待研究。近来的研究表明MtN3/saliva/SWEET基因可能作为糖转运蛋白或通过与离子转运蛋白的互作促进离子转运，调节不同的生理过程，在包括转运糖类、发育、环境适应性、宿主-病原体的相互作用中发挥作用。本文介绍了MtN3/saliva/SWEET基因结构功能的最新研究进展，将为阐明其在不同植物中的功能提供分子基础。

SWEET gene family, harboring two MtN3/saliva transmembrane domains, is a new sugar transporter and is present from protozoa to high eukaryotes. Some types of the family genes are characterized, but little was known regarding the biological and molecular functions of the family and the transmembrane domains. Recently, MtN3/saliva/SWEET genes have been reported to be involved in multiple physiological processes by facilitating ion transport via interaction with ion transporters or as sugar transporters. They play more diverse roles in plants like transport sugar, reproductive development, environmental adaptation and host-pathogen interaction. This article focuses on the advance of the MtN3/saliva/SWEET gene family, including details about their struc-ture, function and regulation. It will help to elucidate the molecular bases of their function in plants.