为分离辣椒细胞质雄性不育基因,并阐明其不育机理,本研究以辣椒细胞质雄性不育系21A及保持系21B的线粒体DNA为材料进行SRAP分析。结果显示,在21A中获得3条多态性条带。对多态性条带回收、克隆和测序分析后发现,这3个片断（分别命名为CMS721、CMS394、CMS285）在GenBank中都与能量代谢途径有关。针对序列特征设计SCAR引物,对21A和21B的基因组DNA进行扩增验证,3对引物只在21A中扩增出目的条带,表明已成功地将SRAP标记转化为SCAR标记。利用荧光定量PCR技术对CMS721、CMS394和CMS285基因在21A不同组织（根、茎、叶和花）中的表达情况进行了分析。结果表明：3个基因只在不育系中表达,且在不同的组织中均有表达,但表达量差异很大,其中基因CMS721表达量在中花蕾中迅速下降,推测该基因控制辣椒花药中与能量代谢相关的蛋白质的表达,从而引起小孢子发育障碍,最终导致雄性不育。

In order to isolate cytoplasmic mal sterility related genes and clarify the mechanism in pepper, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was used to analyze mitochondrial DNA of cytoplasmic male sterility line 21A and its maintainer line 21B of pepper. Three polymorphism fragments detected in 21A were named CMS721、CMS394 and CMS285 in GenBank were related to energy metabolism. According to the sequences, three specific primers designed amplified tar-get DNA in the 21A line, indicative of transformation of SRAP marker to SCAR marker. Expression level of the genes ( CMS721、CMS394 and CMS285 ) in different tissues ( root, leaf, stem and flower) analyzed by quantitative real-time poly-merase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that the three genes were only expressed in tissues of 21A. The expression lev-el of CMS721 gene decreased rapidly in the middle flower bud stage, suggesting that CMS721 might regulate the expression of energy metabolism related protein in anther, ca

目的 探究脑海绵状血管畸形(CMs)与动静脉畸形(AVMs)的结构差异和对于放射外科治疗反应的不同.方法 实验样本共33例,包括放射外科治疗后的CMs 3例,放射外科治疗后的AVMs 3例,未经照射的CMs 6例,未经照射的AVMs 17例和健康对照4例.取材后立即处理,并应用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察5组间的超微结构差异.结果 CMs显示管腔直径与血管壁的厚度较大而且缺乏内皮下成纤维细胞,肌成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞.CMs放射外科治疗后形成部分蛋白质凝块(管腔的19％ ～22％),在放射治疗后长达6年后也未出现完整的血管闭塞.AVMs观察到由纤维蛋白血栓组成永久性的血栓,使血管完整的闭塞(管腔的91％ ～ 98％).照射诱导病灶周围的脑组织发生神经元丢失和神经原纤维变性.结论 CMs与AVMs的血管结构及细胞成分的不同导致它们对放射外科治疗的反应不同.

Objective To study different vascular structure between cavernous malformations (CMs) and arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) and different changes of CMs and AVMs after radiosurgery.Methods 33 specimens,among them three irradiated CMs,three postradiation AVMs,six nonirradiated CMs,seventeen nonirradiated AVMs,and four normal controls were processed for ultrastructural study immediately after removal.Results compared with AVMs,CMs showed a higher ratio of intraluminal diameter to vessel wall thickness and a lack of subendothelial fibroblasts,myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells.Partial proteinaceous clots(19％-22％ of lumen) formed in CMs sinusoids after radiosurgery but complete vaso-occlusion did not occur for up to 6 years after radiosurgery.In contrast,complete vaso-occlusion(91％-98％ of lumen) by fibrin thrombi that are permanent clots was observed in AVMs vessels.Radiation-induced neuronal loss,neurofibrillary degeneration of neurons and myelin fragmentation were typic

线粒体基因组异常嵌合基因orf79/orfH79被证实为水稻配子体细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS）基因。为了调查配子体CMS基因orf79/orfH79在水稻资源中的遗传与变异,来自不同国家的31份水稻材料被用于PCR检测。10份水稻材料被检测出具有配子体CMS基因orf79/orfH79,表明配子体CMS基因orf79/orfH79在水稻资源中具有较高的分布频率（32.2%）。DNA序列分析显示水稻配子体CMS基因orf79/orfH79具有非常保守的遗传特性（98.3%）,只有4个多态性碱基位点被检测出,4个碱基位点的变异导致多肽ORF79/ORFH79三个氨基酸位点的改变。基于orf79/orfH79 DNA序列的聚类分析系显示10份水稻材料被分成了3个类群,表明配子体CMS胞质在水稻资源中存在多种变异模式。研究结果为新水稻CMS胞质的发掘与培育提供重要的理论和实验依据。

The abnormal chimeric genes in rice mitochondrial genome, orf79/orfH79, were proved as the genes of gametophytic CMS (BT-CMS/HL-CMS). In order to investigate the heredity and variations of orf79/orfH79 in rice resources, 31 rice varieties (accessions) from different countries were detected with PCR amplification. 10 rice varieties (accessions) were found to share the genes orf79/orfH79 of gametophytic CMS, which indicated the CMS genes orf79/orfH79 had a higher frequency distribution in rice resources (32.2%). Analysis of DNA sequences showed that the heredity of orf79/orfH79 was very conservative in rice varieties (98.3%). Only 4 polymorphism variation sites of base were detected in DNA sequences of orf79/orfH79, they leaded three variation sites of amino acid in ORF79/ORFH79. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences of orf79/orfH79 showed that 10 rice varieties (accessions) were fallen into three groups, which indicated the gametophytic CMS cytoplasm had many variation models in

目的采用MRI基于体素的形态学测量(VBM-MRI)技术,分析慢性高原病(CMS)患者全脑灰质体积的变化。材料与方法对14例临床确诊的CMS患者和年龄、性别、受教育年限、海拔高度相匹配的11例正常志愿者行全脑扫描,获取3D-T1结构图像。利用VBM方法对CMS组和正常组的全脑灰质图像进行基于体素的统计学比较。结果与对照组相比,CMS患者右侧舌回、后扣带回、双侧海马旁回及左侧颞下回灰质体积增加;左侧前扣带回灰质体积减少。结论利用VBM方法对MR结构图像分析能够客观显示CMS患者特定脑区体积的变化,从影像学角度揭示高原缺氧对脑结构的影响。

Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the gray matter (GM) volumes alterations in Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS) patients by using voxel-based morphometry method (VBM) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods:14 cases of patients with clinically diagnosed CMS and age, sex, years of education, altitude matched 11 cases of normal volunteers underwent whole brain scan, and 3D-T1 structural images were acquired. Then we used the VBM method compared the whole brain GM differences between CMS group and normal controls. Results:Compared with the control group, increased GM volumes was found in the right lingual gyrus, right posterior cingulate, bilateral parahippocampa gyrus, left ilferior temporal gyrus in CMS group and we also found reduced GM volumes in left anterior cingulated. Conclusions:Based on magnetic resonance structural images, the VBM method could objectively display the volume changes of speciifc brain areas in CMS patients and revealed the impact

内容管理系统(CMS)是一个应用型软件,是用来制作网站和管理网站的工具,高职院校利用CMS可以方便高效地建立并管理网站。本文从理论和实践的角度分析CMS的特点,并以Siteserver CMS为例,阐述了基于Siteserver CMS搭建高职院校课程网站的一般流程和技术要点。

Content management system is a kind of application software. It can be used to build website and manage the website. Vocational colleges can Product kinds of websites and manage these Websites with it. This article elaborated the general processes and technical points of building vocational colleges’courses website with taking Siteserver CMS as an example.