詹姆斯·乔伊斯的代表作《尤利西斯》被誉为意识流的"百科全书",小说充分运用内心对白、自由联想等意识流写作手法将人物的内心冲突和多重人格诠释得淋淋尽致。论文拟以弗洛伊德的人格结构理论为视角,解读主人公布卢姆压抑的"本我"、宣泄的"自我"和升华的"超我"以及三者在斗争中逐渐协调平衡的心灵旅程,以方便读者更好地理解布卢姆的心路历程和剖析其行为背后的心理原因。

James Joyce’s masterpiece Ulysses is considered as the“encyclopedia”of stream of consciousness. In Ulysses, Joyce profoundly reveals the inner conflict and multiple personalities of characters by employing techniques of stream of consciousness, such as internal monologue, free association, etc.This paper tries to interpret the repressed “id”, the releasing“ego”and the sublimated "superego" of Bloom from perspective of Freud''s theory of personality structure, so as to make it easier for readers to better understand Bloom’s behaviors and the psychological reasons behind them.

《尤利西斯》中的主人公斯蒂芬面临三重困境:一是作为普通个体想要摆脱家庭和父辈影响而不得的困境,二是作为爱尔兰国民对民族历史和现状无能为力的困境;三是作为想要走出传统的现代欧洲人对无法彻底摆脱自身文化传统的困境,在这三重困境中隐含着作者对自我与传统之关系的文化反思。

Stephen faces three dilemmas in Ulysses :First , as ordinary individuals he can not get rid of the influence of family and parents;Second , as Irishman he can not change the history and present situation of Ireland ;Third , as modern European he can not walk out of European tradition . The three dilemmas implies author''s cultural reflection about the relationship between self and tradition .

詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》自发表以来,国内外的评论家就其思想性、文化性和语言创新性等方面进行了富有成效的发掘。在对这部作品的"互文"研究方面,国内外研究主要聚集于该部作品与《奥德赛》《都柏林人》《青年艺术家肖像》以及欧洲其他文学作品间的关系。本文认为该部小说的前三章和后三章就叙述视角上构成"互文"特点,即小说前三章的叙述视角变化—全知视角占主导地位→全知视角与人物有限视角的交融→人物有限视角占主导地位—预示了小说后三章叙述模式的发展趋势,并以此为出发点探讨珀涅罗珀一章叙述风格的形成轨迹及意义。

Since its publication,“Ulysses”by James Joyce has received fruitful excavations in its ideological,cultural and lin-guistic innovation aspects.On the intertextuality,studies at home and abroad mainly focus on the relationship between this work and “Odyssey,”“Dubliners”,“Portrait of young artists,”and other European literary works.This paper argues that there is feature of“intertextuality”between its first three and the later three chapters in the narrative perspective.The change in the nar-rative perspective in the former,which goes from omniscient point of view dominating to omniscient point of view and characters limited perspectives blending,then to people limited perspective dominating,foreshadows the development trend of the latter in the narrative mode.Based on the above study,the paper traces the formation of the narrative style in the Penelope chapter and discusses its significance.