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双语推荐：失明

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背景 手术后失明是脊柱手术患者的一种严重并发症,尽管发生率低,但其结果是灾难性的.因此,近年来该问题引起了骨科、眼科和麻醉科医师的高度关注. 目的 综述脊柱手术后失明的研究进展情况. 内容 阐述脊柱手术后失明的临床概况、病因和预防处理措施的研究进展. 趋向 对手术后失明病因的深入了解有助于减少脊柱手术术后眼科并发症.
Background Postoperative visual loss is a severe complication for patients undergoing spinal surgery.Although the incidence of postoperative visual loss is low,the result is disastrous.Therefore,in recent years,this issue has been highly concerned by orthopedics,ophthalmology and anesthesiologists.Objective This paper reviews advances in researchs on visual loss after spinal surgery.Content The clinical profile,etiology and prevention measures of visual loss after spinal surgery are introduced.Trend Further understanding the exact etiology of the postoperative visual loss will help reduce postoperative ophthalmic complications after spinal surgery.

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目的：总结1例肾病综合征合并颅内静脉窦血栓致失明患儿的护理方法。方法对肾病综合征合并颅内静脉窦血栓伴突发失明患儿进行溶栓、病情监测、心理治疗及综合护理。结果经积极治疗后血栓消失，光感恢复，尿蛋白转阴。结论精心细致的护理可使肾病综合征合并颅内静脉窦血栓致失明患儿临床治疗获得良好的效果。
Objective To summarize the nursing method of 1 case of blind children with nephrotic syn-drome combined with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis.Methods The patient was had thrombolytic therapy,condition monitoring,psychological treatment and comprehensive care.Results Through the ac-tive treatment,the thrombus was disappeared with light feeling and negative urine protein.Conclusion Careful and meticulous nursing can promote the recovery of blind children with nephrotic syndrome com-bined with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis.

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年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)是随着年龄增长出现的一种退行性疾病。在西方国家是50岁以上人群不可逆失明的最常见原因,在我国其患病率也在逐年增加。但是,到目前为止仍未明确其发病机制,也无有效治疗措施。本文就近年来国内外学者对其相关危险因素研究进展做一综述,旨在进一步了解ARMD从而预防或减缓其发病,避免失明。
Age-related macular degeneration(AMD), the most common cause of irreversible blindness over 50 years in developed countries, is a degenerative disease occurs with age. The prevalence rate in our country is also increasing by year and the pathogenesis is still undiscovered. In this review, we focus on the associated risk factors reported in recent years, aim to further understand the pathogenesis of AMD.

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点评邢辛与王晓鹰导演合作的话剧《失明的城市》、《简·爱》、《肖邦》及舞剧《十里红妆》四部剧目中舞台灯光艺术的运用。
The paper commented on the application of stage lighting art of dramaBlindness, JaneEyre, Chopin, dance dramaThe Red Dowry, which directed by Wang Xiaoying.

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探讨急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)治疗期间合并DIC护理方法。方法:对2010年1月~2012年11月我科收治的16例APL患者进行密切观察,采取及时有效的护理措施。结果:实施相关护理后,16例患者中眼底出血致双眼失明1例,单眼失明1例,无死亡病例发生。结论:密切观察及早发现APL治疗期间DIC的发生,及时提供临床资料非常重要;采取正确护理,能够提高患者生活质量,降低死亡率。
Objective:To discuss the nursing measures of DIC occurred during acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment. Methods:From Jan. 2010-Nov. 2012 in our hospital treated 16 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients received close observation and effective nursing. Results:1 case of bilateral blindness induced retinal hemorrhage,and 1 case of monocular blindness,no death case. Conclusion:Close observation and early detection of APL treatment during DIC,and provide clinical data timely is very important,it could improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the mortality rate.

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通过细读文本，反驳了约翰逊博士对弥尔顿十四行诗不公正的评价，指出《咏失明》中的有机统一足以使它成为十四行诗中的杰作，形式与内容之间丰富而微妙的互动表现出巧夺天工的精湛技艺。在诗中，言说者内心的两个侧面，自然人和基督徒，彼此对话。二者的矛盾在审美化的过程中，即以十四行诗的形式对这一经历的艺术升华中得以统一。文章还追溯了《咏失明》在中国的早期因缘，主要是传教士杂志《遐迩贯珍》中的译诗和吴宓的译写、教学。
Through a close reading of the text, this essay argues, against Dr. Johnson, that admirable craftsmanship is demonstrated in the rich, subtle interplay between form and content, and that organic unity alone will reasonably place Milton’s first sonnet On His Blindness among the first-rate of the genre. In the poem, two aspects of the persona, the man and the Christian, converse with each other. Their contradiction is resolved in the process of aestheticization, namely the sublimation of the personal experience in the sonnet form. The essay also traces the early China connections of the poem, mainly its translation in the missionary journal Chinese Serial and Wu Mi’s transwriting and teaching of it.

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年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)是目前发达国家导致失明的主要原因之一,在我国随着生活水平的提高,发病率也明显上升。同时,AMD的治疗方法也在不断进步,治疗手段趋于多元化。本文主要对AMD最新的治疗方法及其未来进展进行综述。
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is by far one of the leading causes of blindness in developed countries. While in China, the occurrence has increased tremendously with the improvement of life standard. Meanwhile, the treatment of AMD has progressed and a variety of treatment has emerged. This paper reviewed the progress of treatment of AMD in recent years.

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早产儿视网膜病变的特征是视网膜血管发育异常、新生血管形成、纤维增殖及视网膜脱离,可导致包括终生失明以及多种严重并发症.促血管生成素-1是影响血管生成的重要因子,与早产儿视网膜病变的发生有密切关系.该文就Ang-1与早产儿视网膜病变的关系作一综述.
Retinopathy of premature is characterized by retinal vascular dysplasia,angiogenesis,fiber proliferation and retinal detachment,which can lead to a variety of serious complications,including permanent blindness.Angiopoietin-1,which has a close relationship with the incidence of ROP,is an important factor affecting angiogenesis.This paper will discuss the relations between angiopoietin-1 and retinopathy of premature.

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目的探讨肾病综合征(NS)合并颅内静脉窦血栓(CVST)致失明患儿的临床表现、治疗方案及其预后。方法分析1例NS合并CVST患儿的临床特点及诊治经过,并复习和总结国内外有关儿童CVST治疗相关研究的最新进展。结果患儿在NS标准化抗凝治疗过程中突然出现抽搐等癫发作症状,并有复视、双眼视力下降、失明,头颅磁共振及脑血管造影检查(MRV)示CVST形成,肝素化抗凝治疗效果不佳,后予尿激酶溶栓治疗1个月,复查MRV示颅内血栓已完全溶解。目前国际上针对CVST患儿已采取标准化抗凝治疗方案,并随时监测凝血功能如活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、国际标准化比值(INR)等预防出血风险。结论临床考虑CVST的患儿需早期及时完善神经影像学检查,在排除出血风险后应立即予以抗凝或溶栓治疗,并按疗程使用3~6个月。
Objectives To explore the clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of a case of blindness caused by nephrotic syndrome with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Methods The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of a case of NS with CVST were analyzed. The latest domestic and foreign reseach progresses in treatment for CVST in children were reviewed. Results Epilepsy suddenly appeared with diplopia, binocular vision loss and blindness in anticoagulant therapy for the child with NS. Brain magnetic resonance venography (MRV) suggested CVST. MRV reexam-ined showed that the intracranial thrombosis was completely dissolved after urokinase thrombolysis for one month followed by ineffective heparin anticoagulation. At present, international standards of anticoagulant therapy have been adopted in the treatment for CVST patients. Coagulation function (e.g.APTT) and international standardization ratio were monitored in order to prevent bleeding. Conclusions It is better to

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糖尿病性视网膜病变是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症之一,是造成糖尿病患者失明的主要原因,其发生机制尚不完全清楚.从目前已发现脂肪细胞因子参与了糖尿病性视网膜病变的新生血管形成及细胞增殖等一系列病理改变特性出发,对脂联素在糖尿病性视网膜病变的发生发展中的重要作用进行了综述.
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, and is the main cause of blindness. The mechanism has not been fully investigated. Currently, fat cells have been found for involving in the formation of new blood vessels of diabetic retinopathy and cell proliferation, as well as a series of pathological changes. This paper conducts the research on the important role played by adiponectin in development of diabetic retinopathy.

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