闭环注入式仿真是开展红外成像制导武器对抗及其复杂环境适应性试验的一种有效手段，它在传感器被图像仿真计算机和图像注入接口设备取代的情况下，采集导引头的框架角数据，实时仿真生成红外数字图像，并通过注入接口设备直接注入到导引头信息处理电路中进行试验。分析了闭环注入式仿真试验的工作原理，设计了仿真试验系统的软硬件平台、工作时序，理论计算了仿真试验系统产生的失调角延时和失调角误差，并利用搭建的仿真试验与导引头实际工作一致性分析平台，分析了因失调角延时和失调角误差导致导引头输出的偏航、俯仰角速度误差和制导精度误差。仿真结果表明：仿真试验与导引头实际工作条件是一致性的，设计的仿真试验系统较为科学合理，该结论可为开展红外成像导引头闭环注入式仿真试验提供理论支撑。

Closed-loop simulation based on digital image injection is an effective testing means of IR imaging guidance weapon countermeasure and complicated environment adaptability, it collects frame angle of seeker and real-time simulates to generate IR image when the detector of IR seeker is replaced by image simulation computer and injection device, the image is injected by injection device. The principle of closed-loop simulation test were analyzed, software, hardware platform and work scheduling of simulation test system were designed, miss distance time delay and miss distance error were calculated, consistency analysis platform of simulation test and actual work was built, yaw and pitching angle velocity error and homing precision were analyzed by miss distance time delay and miss distance error. The result shows that the condition of simulation test and actual work of seeker was consistent, simulation test system was scientific. The research results provide theoretical support

提出了一种新颖的数模转换器（DAC）静态参数内建自测试（BIST）方法。该方法采用斜坡信号发生器和两个参考电压作为标准信号源和误差极限电压，测试DAC的四个主要的静态参数：失调误差（offset），增益误差（gain error），积分非线性误差（INL ）和微分非线性误差（DNL ），有效地节省了参考源的数目。静态参数计算的优化以及测试器件的共享使得BIST电路所占芯片面积大大减小。仿真结果表明该方法是一种简单的测试DAC静态误差的内建自测试结构。

A new BIST (Built-In Self-Test) method to test static parameters of a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) is proposed in this paper .The BIST method employs a ramp generator and two voltage references to test static parameters of a DAC :offset error ,gain error ,INL ( Integral Non-Linearity ) and DNL ( Differential Non-Linearity ) .The optimization of calculating static parameters and the components sharing can reduce the BIST circuitry .The simulation result shows that the method is able to detect the static errors with the simple BIST structure .

利用行为均衡汇率理论模型对人民币汇率水平进行研究，建立了基于非抵补利率平价理论的行为均衡汇率模型，实证分析了1997～2013年人民币汇率的均衡汇率水平和失调程度；建立误差修正模型分析各变量对于人民币汇率水平的短期影响和人民币汇率系统自身的误差。分析表明：1997年1季度～2013年4季度，人民币实际汇率水平在均衡汇率水平附近波动的幅度不超过±2％。2010年至今，人民币汇率失调程度一直低于±1％，基本达到均衡水平。基于研究结论提出政策建议：一是合理利用政府支出的消费方向调节汇率水平；二是进一步规范与完善资本市场；三是逐步提升汇率的自我修正机制；四是加快推进中国经济转型。

This paper employs the behavioral equilibrium exchange rate model to estimate the equilibrium real exchange rate of RMB and the exchange rate misalignment in China during 1997 to 2013.With Error-Correction Model, we analyze the short-term impacts of each variable on RMB real effective exchange rate.The result shows that RMB real exchange rate’ fluctuation amplitude did not exceed ±2%during the sample period.And the mis-alignment was less than 1%from 2010, this outcome indicates that RMB exchange rate almost reach the equilibri-um level.Based on the research conclusions, four proposals were put forward:rational use the direction of govern-ment’ s consumption as a method to adjust exchange rate; further rationalizing and improve the capital market;gradually increase the self-correcting mechanisms of RMB exchange rate;proceed the economic transformation of China.

基于调制盘的红外制导导弹严重威胁战机的生存，需要开展机载红外对抗技术研究以保护战机的自身安全。以旭日升型调幅式调制盘为例，介绍了调制盘的工作原理，分析了中波红外激光干扰调制盘的机理，使用MATLAB模拟了不同幅度、频率、相位的调制脉冲信号对调制盘系统的干扰情况。结果表明：干扰光强度与目标辐射强度之比从1提高到10时，方位角误差由3.6毅变为14.4毅，失调角误差由2.4毅变为10.8毅。当干扰信号角频率与调制盘载波频率接近时，方位角误差变为151.2毅，失调角误差变为28.4毅。单纯增加干扰光的强度对实现干扰贡献不大，会增加调制盘系统接收信号的强度，易暴露目标。幅值缓变的干扰信号虽然能使调制盘导引头的接收信号出现偏差，但不会让目标完全摆脱导弹跟踪，而角频率接近载波频率的干扰信号会使导引头接收不到准确信号，最终实现干扰。

The threat of the IR guidance missile is a direct consequence of extensive proliferation of the airborne IR countermeasure. According to the operation of the amplitude modulation reticle system, the principle of the laser disturbance on modulation reticle was analyzed and the numerical simulation used MATLAB based on a rising-sun reticle was done. When the ratio of jamming energy to target radiation increased from 1 to 10, the azimuth error changed from3.6o to 14.4oand the misalignment angle error changed from 2.4o to 10.8o. When the jamming angular frequency was equal to the carrier frequency, the azimuth error was 151.2oand the misalignment angle error was 28.4o. The results show that simply increasing the intensity of the jamming light achieves little. It will increase the received signal strength of the amplitude modulation reticle system and the target will be more easily exposed. A slow variation of the amplitude will warp the azimuth information received by the seeker, but the t

窄带主动噪声控制（ANC ）系统中往往存在频率失调（FM ）问题，传统的频率失调补偿（FMC ）系统能应对一定程度的FM，但当噪声信号非平稳或失调量较大时，系统将无法工作。针对此问题，本文提出一种带有频率估计的窄带ANC系统新结构，其采用声学和非声学两路传感器获取参考信号，引入可变极半径及平滑下降（PG ）算法构建IIR陷波器，完成参考信号的频率估计，通过一阶FIR滤波器实现幅值和相位的调节。仿真表明，在保证合理的稳态误差情况下，与传统的FMC系统相比，新系统能够应对较大的FM ，且具有良好的收敛和追踪性能。

Since the narrowband active noise control (ANC) system always gives rise to frequency mismatch (FM) ,the tra-ditional frequency mismatch compensation (FMC ) technique can cope with small FM ,but is unable to deal with non-stationary noise signals or large FM .In order to solve the above problem ,a new ANC structure with a frequency estimator is first introduced ,whose inputs are measured by both the acoustic and non-acoustic sensors .The IIR notch filter based on plain gradient (PG ) algorithm is employed as the frequency estimator ,and the adjustment of amplitude and phase of secondary source is achieved by a first-order FIR filter updated by filtered-x LMS (FXLMS) or RLS (FXRLS) algorithm .Simulations indicated that the new system ,in the condition of ensuring reasonable steady-state error ,compared with the traditional FMC system ,could effectively handle larger FM and revealed fine convergence and tracking performance .