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双语推荐：文化的寓言

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阿来说：“20世纪的好小说大抵都与寓言有或多或少的关联。”他的长篇小说《尘埃落定》作为有定评估的“好小说”，其所演绎的是什么样的寓言呢？本文认定：《尘埃落定》主要演绎了权力的寓言、人性的寓言以及文化的寓言三种。小说也正是通过不同阶层人物在权力之下的不同命运及生存状态表现出了对人性、对民族、对历史的哲学思考。
A_Lai,author of Dream Drops said:“there has been a kind of connection between novels in 20th century and allegory .”his long piece of novel ,Dream Drops ,is generally regarded as“good novel”,then ,what is the allegory like in it ?this article holds the view that this novel mainly illustrates the allegory of power ,of humanity,and of culture .It reflects philosophiceal though towards humanity ,nation and history ,which displays by means of people from different social class which different fate and living condtion.

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尔苏是使用尔苏方言的藏族支系。他们生活在四川省西南部。尔苏藏族的神话、故事、传说、寓言等,是尔苏藏族口传文化的重要组成部分。通过分析和研究课题组收集的口传文化,文章认为,藏族尔苏支系是个多元一体的亚族群。
Ersu is the Tibetan branch of Ersu local dial-ect using. They live in southwest of Sichuan province. The myth, story, fable and legend of Ersu Zang nationality is an important part of Ersu Zang nationality oral culture. The article thinks the Tibetan Ersu branch is a nation of plur-alistic integration.

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习语是一种文化负载现象，它简洁凝炼，寓意深刻。习语的诞生总是伴随着典故，通过比较英汉习语和典故文化，可以了解到中英民族在宗教、民间寓言和神话、民俗、文学、民族心理、社会认知、价值观、国俗语义等方面的差异在习语上的体现。了解习语文化差异是有效翻译的前提，有助于提高跨文化传播效果。
Idioms are concrete and condensed,with very deep culture-loaded.They were always born with allu-sions.This comparative study will give readers a broad view of comprehensive differences of idiom culture from the perspectives of religion,fables,mythos,customs,literature,national psychology,social cognition,social values and other national cultural meanings,which is extremely necessary as a precondition for the translation of English and Chinese idioms.

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结合马尔克斯的作品《百年孤独》在历史、文化、哲学等方面的内涵,分别从宏观、微观的角度切入,从整体、局部的方面出发,就其所运用的象征主义手法进行探讨,剖析其建构的一个个象征寓言和整个象征体系,旨在更好地挖掘和阐述作品的主题意蕴。
This paper analyzes the symbolism used in One Hundred Years of Solitude written by Marcks , which combines the connotation of history , culture, philosophy with the literary works .In order to study the theme of the novel , the article dissects a great many symbolic fables and the whole system of symbols structured by the writer from the macroscopic angle and the microcosmic angle respectively .

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根植于特定文化的典故在跨文化翻译中存在不可逾越的鸿沟。《圣经》中的神话故事、人物、寓言和箴言等产生了大量的《圣经》典故,已成为英语语言的一个重要部分。由于《圣经》典故与中华文化存在诸多差异,国内译者在翻译《圣经》典故时经常碰到理解上的障碍。在此基础上,本文旨在从文化角度探讨《圣经》典故的翻译原则和方法,以期更好地指导今后的《圣经》典故翻译。
Divide rooted in specific cultural allusions are impassable in cross-cultural translation. "Bible" in the fairy story, characters, fables and proverbs, resulting in a large number of "the Bible" allusions, has become an important part of the English language. Because there are many differences between the "Bible"allusions and Chinese culture, the translator often encounter obstacles in understanding " Bible" allusions in translation. Based on this, this paper aims to explore the translation principles and methods of "Bible" allusions from the perspective of culture, in order to better guide the future of the "Bible" allusions.

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本雅明的"辩证形象"来源于其前期的"寓言"与"星座"等美学概念,具有视觉文化观照下的历史性与视觉性两个重要审美维度。本雅明在此基础上对现代性史前史进行了深入挖掘,并批判了现存的资本主义弊病。这种"视觉政治"推动了他对"救赎视觉学"的思考与建构。
Walter Benjamin''s"dialectical image"originates from the aesthetic concepts of"fable"and"constellation"of his earlier years, which has two important aesthetic dimensions:historicalness and visuality from the perspective of visual culture. Walter Benjamin excavated the prehistory of modernity, and criticized the existing capitalist disadvantages on this basis. This visual politics promoted his relfections and construction of"redemption of visual learning".

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《张马丁的第八天》采用了二元对立的情节模式，这种模式的背后是东西方文化差异导致的碰撞与扭结，反映了整个20世纪中国知识分子在东西方文化选择中的焦虑。小说在本质上是一个关于人类的寓言，在张马丁与张王氏的身上，能够清晰的透视到世间的荒诞与人类苦难绝望的生存困境。
"On the eighth day of ZHANG Ma-ding"used the plot model of binary opposition. This pattern is behind collision caused by cultural differences between east and west. It reflect the whole of the 20th century anxiety in the choice of Chinese intellectuals in the eastern and western cultures. In essence the novel is a fable about human beings.ZHANG''S and ZHANG Ma-ding can clear insight into the world of absurdity and living predicament of human suffering and despair.

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乔治·艾略特的《织工马南传》一向被视作因果报应的道德寓言，其中大量涉及巫术与祛魅的神秘话语却被忽略。这些神秘话语有其深刻的文化意涵，在艾略特的小说叙事中，这一组相互作用的神秘语汇充满传统文化的色彩，微妙地调节着维多利亚时代农村社区的人际模式与道德秩序，是艾略特塑造“快乐英格兰”这一人文理想的必要话语资源。
George Eliot’Silas Marner has always been regarded as a moral fable about Karma,however, the magic and disenchantment discourses in text are neglected correspondingly.The magic discourse has profound cultural connotation and is full of traditional sense in Eliot’s novel,which accommodates subtly the human relationship as well as moral order in rural area .They are important discourse sources for the author to construct the Merry England.

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艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格被誉为＂伟大的寓言家和短篇小说大师＂以及＂当代最会讲故事的小说大师＂。辛格的短篇小说如同一个微缩的世界、一个神奇的魔盒,真实朴素的犹太人民,离奇曲折的故事情节,寓意深刻的道德阐释,全都汇聚于此,这也是其文学成就所在。本文运用叙事学的相关理论,分析辛格短篇小说中的第一人称叙述者,探讨其蕴含的文化哲理及其精湛的叙事技巧。
Isaac Bashevis Singer is considered as the great fabulist and the master of short stories as well as a consummate storyteller.Singer''s short stories are just like a miniature world and a magic box, where the traditional Jews live, the supernatural events happen and the profound stories are narrated.And these short stories are regar-ded as the great achievement in literature.The paper analyzes the first-person narrator in Singer''s short stories with the relevant narrative theories for the culture,philosophy and narrative skills.

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格非"乌托邦三部曲"的相继出版,引发文坛热议,"乌托邦"与"知识分子写作"成为格非小说评论的两个关键词。格非对中国百年来的社会、历史、文化,以及当前中国知识分子的生存境遇和精神难题"失实求似"式的书写和寓言化的反思也成为批评界关注的焦点。因此,对于格非"乌托邦三部曲"的精神内涵和价值意义的深入分析,将有助于我们更好地把握格非对中国知识分子精神困境和出路等问题的思考,并可以从其建构的乌托邦寓言中开掘出中国知识分子"现代性焦虑症"的精神传承和嬗变。
The successive publication of Ge Fei’ s “Utopian Trilogy” has prompted enormous vehement dis-cussions in the literary field, with “utopia” and “intellectual writing” being two key words in the critique of Ge Fei’ s novels. Moreover, Ge Fei’ s “fictitious but seemingly identical” depiction of and allegorical reflections on China’ s society, history, culture over the past one hundred years and on the survival situation and spiritual puzzle of contemporary intellectuals have become the focus of literary criticism. As such, a thorough analysis of the spirit-ual connotation and the value of Ge Fei’ s“Utopian Triology” is conducive to a better grasp of Ge Fei’ s reflections on the spiritual dilemma of and its outlet of Chinese intellectuals, etc and to a comprehension of the spiritual inher-itance and evolution of Chinese intellectuals’ “anxiety of modernity” from Ge Fei’ s utopian allegories.

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