梯度链条式生物质气化炉按照气化规律从空间上将生物质气化过程分为4个阶段,可实现对各气化阶段气化条件进行控制。为此,对梯度链条式生物质气化炉进行数值模拟,通过改变ER,计算出不同ER下床层顶部各组分的温度和浓度分布及炉膛气相的气化特性。模拟结果显示:气化合成气出口温度622.24℃;气化合成气中CO为13.81%、CH4为3.26%、C2H4为0.601%、C2H6为0.002%、CnHm为10.936%、H2为3.82%;碳转化效率为75.1%,低位热值为5 501k J/Nm3,气化效率为57.56%。该气化效果比下吸式固定床气化炉、固定床气化炉及鼓泡床气化炉空气气化效果好。

According to the biomass gasification discipline, biomass gasification process is divided into four stages in gra-dient chain biomass gasifier.Thus can control gasification conditions in different gasification stage.Mathematical modeling methods have been employed to simulate a gradient chain biomass gasifier, not only the temperature, concentra-tion distributing of the top of bed in different conditions, but also gasification character of gasifier chamber were calcula ted, by varying the ratio of actual air fuel ratio and stoichiometric air fuel ratio( ER) .The results showed that the tem-perature, concentration distributing( CO, CH4 , C2 H4 , Cn Hm , H2 ) , carbon conversion efficiency, HLV of the gas fuel, gasification efficiency vary in the range of 622.24℃,CO 13.81%,CH4 3.26%,C2 H4 0.601%,C2 H6 0.002%,Cn Hm 10.936%, H2 3.82%, 75.1%, 5501 kJ/Nm3 , 57.56%, and this effect of gasification better than downdraft fixed bed gasifier, a fixed-bed gasifier and bubbling bed gasif

以新疆伊犁新天煤化工有限责任公司20亿m^3／a煤制天然气项目气化工艺方案的选择为例，介绍了流化床气化工艺、气化床（喷流床）气化工艺和移动床（固定床）气化工艺的技术特点；对比分析了Lurgi碎煤加压气化工艺、GSP气化工艺和Shell粉煤气化工艺的消耗指标。结果表明：①由于当地煤种成浆性较差，不宜采用Texaco水煤浆气化工艺；②从投资、运行、管理等方面综合考虑，在Lurgi，GSP，Shell3种工艺方案中，Lurgi碎煤加压气化工艺具有一定的优势。

Taking the purification process scheme of coal-made natural gas project with a capacity of 2 ×109 m3 /a in the Xintian Coal-Chemical Engi-neering Company Ltd.as an example, author has introduced the technical features of NHD process and low temperature methanol wash process ; has com-pared the Lurge process and Linde process with the Dalian Technology and Engineering University ’s process.Result indicates that:(1)The low tempera-ture methanol wash process is preferable for the purification process of large-sized coal-chemical engineering project;(2)Considering from aspects of in-vestment, energy consume, environment etc., the Linde process has a definite superiority among low temperature methanol wash processes.

在对煤气化飞灰的物理化学性质、微观形貌、气化反应活性和粘附特性归纳分析的基础上，讨论了气化飞灰的形成机理及其气化过程中的结渣倾向性，并对气化过程中避免飞灰在气化炉内的结渣和在合成气冷却器积灰结垢的措施进行了介绍。最后对气化飞灰的研究热点问题进行了展望。

Based on the analyses of the ehemieal and physieal properties,miero-strueture,gasifieation re-aetivity and its adhere eharaeteristies,the formation and slagging meehanism of fly ashes were diseussed. And the eontrol measurements of avoiding fly slagging during gasifieation and deposition on synthetie gas eooler were reviewed further. Finally the key researeh point of the fly ashes was also put forward.

为提高低热稳定性低阶煤的碎煤加压气化效果,采用新疆、河南等地碎煤加压气化工艺,研究低阶煤热稳定性对碎煤加压气化效果的影响。结果表明:低热稳定性低阶煤的单台气化炉氧负荷仅达到设计的70%左右,比高热稳定性低阶煤低40%。煤的热稳定性越低,粗煤气中煤粉含量越高,影响煤气水分离、变换等后续工艺。最后提出可通过研究不同粒度煤的热稳定性、确定最小入炉煤粒度、测定碎煤加压气化煤粉的粒度、改进碎煤加压气化除尘系统、选择合理的气化压力、采用气化工艺组合等提高低热稳定性低阶煤碎煤加压气化效果。

In order to improve the effects of low thermal stability and low-rank coal in crushed coal pressurized gasification, adopt the crushed coal pressurized gasification processes in Henan and Xinjiang Province,investigate the influence of thermal stability of low-rank coal on crushed coal pressurized gasification. The results show that single gasifier oxygen load can only reach about 70% of design load when use low stability and low-rank coal,about 40% less than the high stability and low-rank coal.Thermal stability of coal is lower and the higher dust content in raw gas affects the gas-water separation,it also influents the transform and follow-up processes.The effects of low thermal stability and low-rank coal in crushed coal pressurized gasification can be improved through investigating the thermal stability of different particle size of coal,determining minimum grain size of pulverized coal into the gasifier and the particle size of pulverized coal in the crushed coal pressurized gasif

为合理利用煤炭资源，提高企业经济效益，寻找企业可持续发展之路，开展了煤炭地下气化试验。介绍了矿井煤层气化试验自动点火技术在重庆中梁山煤电气有限公司矿业分公司北矿煤层气化试验中的应用情况。分析了矿井煤层气化的特殊性和煤层点火的可靠性、安全性，讨论了煤炭地下气化工程的点火思路、供电方案，对自动点火装置进行了设计，并阐述了煤炭地下气化的过程测控，以及所产生的社会、经济和环境效益，为今后矿井进行煤层气化试验提供了宝贵经验。

Underground coal gasification test was carried out in order to rationally utilize coal resources,imProve the economic efficiency of the enterPrise and search a sustainable develoPment road for it. This PaPer described the aPPlication of the automatic ignition technology in coal-seam gasification test in the north mine of the Mining ComPany of Chongqing Zhongliangshan Coal, Electricity and Gas Co. ,Ltd. ,. It analyzed the Particularities of coal-seam gasification and the reliability and security of coal-seam ignition,discussed the ignition thinking and Power suPPly scheme of underground coal gasification and the design of the automatic ignition device,and exPounded the Process monitoring and control of underground coal gasification as well as its social,economic and environmental benefits,all of these Provided valuable exPerience for mine coal-seam gasification test in the future.