综述了船舶废气洗涤脱硫设备的研究现状,通过阐述海水法、碱液法、改性海水法的优缺点,指出海水法联合碱液法的混合系统最具经济性和广泛适用性。列举了国际上几大主要厂商设计的洗涤塔,对比研究了各洗涤塔的参数及其结构特点,最后介绍了洗涤残液的排放标准及其处理方式。通过分析船舶废气中多种污染物联合脱除的研究现状,提出设计出高效、廉价的NOx氧化装置以及提高湿法对于超细颗粒物的捕集能力将是研究的重点和难点,采用湿法联合脱除SOx、NOx和PM是今后船舶废气洗涤净化设备重要的研究方向。

This paper reviewed the research progresses of ship exhaust gas cleaning desulfurization equipment. Advantages and disadvantages of seawater treatment,alkali liquor and modified method of seawater were introduced. The hybrid system combining seawater with alkali liquor is more efficient economically and has a wide applicability range. Products from major manufacturers were discussed, focusing on the parameters and structures of the scrubbers. Effluent standards and its treatment were also introduced. The analysis of the research status of simultaneous removal of various pollutions from ship exhaust indicated that design efficiency,cost effective NOx oxidation device,and improvement of the ultrafine particle capture ability of wet process,are important factors. Simultaneous removal of SOx,NOx and PM by wet process could be the research direction of ship exhaust cleaning equipment in the future.

研究了采用水洗和还原浸出法从锌电积阳极泥中提取锌和锰,考察了洗涤温度、洗涤时间、洗涤方式及还原浸出时间、浸出温度、pH等对锌、锰回收率的影响。试验结果表明:洗锌过程中,温度对洗锌率影响较大;在液固体积质量比3∶1、温度80℃条件下,通过逆流洗涤,洗锌率达97%以上,渣中锌质量分数在0.07%~0.09%之间。用SO2作还原剂浸出锰,pH和SO2气体流量对锰浸出率影响不明显;60℃下,锰浸出率在99%以上。通过水洗和还原浸出,锌电积阳极泥中的锌和锰得到有效回收,且流程简单。

Washing of zinc and reduction leaching of manganese from zinc-electrowinning anode mud was investagated .The washing temperature ,washing time ,washing way and leaching time ,leaching temperature ,pH and other parameters on recovery of zinc and manganese are examined .The results show that in washing zinc process ,washing temperature affects obviously washing zinc rate .Under the conditions of the ratio between liquid volume and solid mass of 3∶1 ,the washing zinc rate is 97% .In leaching manganese process using SO2 as reducing agent ,effecting of pH and SO2 gas flow rate on the leaching rate of manganese is not obvious .Under the condition of leaching temperature of 60℃ , manganese leaching rate reaches 99% .T he experimental results demonstrate that it is effective to recovery zinc and manganese from zinc-electrowinning anode mud by washing and reduction leaching process .

目的：研究ACP-215全自动红细胞处理仪制备红细胞制品的可靠性。方法：将研究对象分成两组，对照组采用手工开放式洗涤法制备，试验组采用ACP-215全自动红细胞处理仪制备。解冻去甘油红细胞和洗涤红细胞按照相关标准，分别对实验组和对照组红细胞回收率、游离血红蛋白、甘油含量、残留白细胞、体外溶血试验和细菌培养进行检测分析。结果：对于解冻去甘油红细胞，实验组在红细胞回收率、残留白细胞、甘油含量、体外溶血和细菌培养均好于对照组；对于洗涤红细胞，实验组在红细胞回收率、残留白细胞量和上清液蛋白含量方面优于对照组。结论：用ACP-215全自动红细胞处理仪制备红细胞制品，比手工洗涤法更安全可靠，尤其在解冻去甘油红细胞方面，体现的更明显。该仪器有实际应用价值，值得推广。

Objective:To study the reliability of preparing red cell products by ACP-215 automatic red cell treatment instrument. Methods:The subjects were divided into two groups, the control group using manual open washing preparation, the experiment group adopted the ACP-215 automated red cell treatment instrument preparation. Deglycerin erythrocyte and washed red blood cells in accordance with the relevant standards, recovery rate of RBC, hemoglobin, glycerol content, cultivation of residual white blood cells, in vitro hemolysis test and bacteria cultivation were detected and analyzed in the experimental group and the control group. Results:To deglycerin erythrocyte, the experimental group in the recovery rate of RBC, WBC, cultivation of residual glycerol content, in vitro hemolysis and bacteria cultivation was better than the control group;for the washed red blood cells, the experimental group in the recovery rate of RBC, residual white blood cells and supernatant protein content was better t

概述了氨酸法料床直接反应工艺的特点,并提出其后续优化措施,即将浓硫酸的稀释热用于液氨的汽化或将部分原料加热熔融生成料浆,采用两段湿法洗涤的手段对造粒尾气、干燥尾气和冷却尾气进行综合治理。采用上述改进措施后,能进一步提高热量的利用水平,明显提高了尾气的净化效果,实现洗涤液零排放。

By outlining characteristics of material bed direct reaction of acid ammoniation process, optimization of follow-up measures, such as using dilution heat of concentrated sulfuric acid for liquid ammonia gasification or part of materials melting , adopting two-stage wet process to handle granulation tail gas , drying tail gas and cooling tail gas in an integrated manner are provided .By using the above-mentioned measures , heat utilization efficiency and purification of exhaust gas are both greatly improved and the goal of zero discharge of detergent can be realized .

本试验旨在评定初花期多花黑麦草在生长肉兔上的营养价值。试验选取60日龄平均体重（2．20＆#177;0．32）kg的健康新西兰兔24只，随机分为2组，每组12个重复，每个重复1只。试验饲粮采用套算法进行配制，多花黑麦草的替代比例为20％；试验采用全收粪法进行消化试验，预试期和正试期各7 d。结果表明：1）多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物含量分别为16．78 MJ／kg、92．24％、10．20％、1．64％、26．09％、51．80％、31．35％、7．72％、0．66％、0．28％和46．59％；2）多花黑麦草在生长肉兔中的表观消化能为7．21 MJ／kg，生长肉兔对多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率分别为33．45％、48．36％、44．18％、84．45％、25．91％、22．73％、22．25％、26．10％、62．87％、13．94％和61．42％。由结果可知：初花期多花黑麦草中粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量相对较高，总磷含量相对较低；生长肉兔对初花期多花黑麦草中不同营养成分的消化率存在一定差异，其中以粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、无

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the nutritional value of early flowering Italian ryegrass for growing rabbits.A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits at 60 days of age with an average weight of (2.20±0.32) kg were used in a completely randomized design,which consisted of 2 groups and 12 replicates in each group.A basal diet was formulated to meet requirements of growing rabbits and the experiment diet was formulated by substituting 20%of the basal diet with Italian ryegrass.Fecal apparent digestibility of major nutrients in Italian ryegrass for growing rabbits was measured.Both pre-trial and trial period was 7 days.The results showed:1) Gross energy,dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fi-ber,crude ash,Ca,total P and nitrogen free extract contents of Italian ryegrass were 16.78 MJ/kg,92.24%, 10.20%,1.64%,26.09%,51.80%,31.35%,7.72%,0.66%,0.28% and 46.59%,respectively.2)The apparent digestible energy of Italian ryegrass