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双语推荐：瑶族

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滇越瑶族崇信"万物有灵",并道教经义和佛教教规为核心,又结合本民族原始宗教及伦理道德,发展成具有个性名称和用途十分繁杂的瑶族宗教经籍。度戒是瑶族男子的成年礼,既是瑶族男子度戒入教仪式,又是其宗教以沿袭的传承形式,是瑶族社会生活中的传统伦理道德观念的重要内容。滇越瑶族宗教活动,受道教和佛教的影响,除崇奉的神祗大体相同外,使用的法器与道教无甚差别,对滇越瑶族宗教的教义和活动调查研究,取其精华,弃其糟粕,发扬光大滇越瑶族的优秀文化传统和民族精神。
The Honghe Yao people have a belief that everything in nature has a spirit. They, as well, believe in Taoism and Buddhism. The disciplines of Taoism and Buddhism, and the morals regulated in their primitive religion help to form a complicated religious document used in various ways. The conversion is a rite for the men adults to be religious followers, and is also a rite by which the religion is passed down to generations. Under the influence of the Taoism and Buddhism, the Yao people’s primitive religious activities are quite familiar with that of the Taoism and Buddhism. They respect the same spirits and use the same instruments. In the research course, it is needed to discard the dross and select the essence as to promote Honghe Yao people’s refined culture and ethnic spirit.

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通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法等研究方法，以广西恭城瑶族自治县居民为调查对象，以广西恭城瑶族自治县节庆体育的开展现状为分析对象，针对广西恭城瑶族县基本情况、节庆体育开展现状、影响因素对广西恭城瑶族自治县节庆体育的开展现状进行调查分析。调查发现：广西恭城瑶族自治县节庆体育活动存在参与人员不平衡、当地体育组织不健全、经费来源不足，资金缺乏等问题。
This article using methods of literature material law, questionnaire investigation and interviews, in view of the basic situation, the present situation and the influence factors of the festival sports of Gongcheng yao county in Guangxi, investigates to the current situation of the development of the festival sports in Gongcheng yao autonomous county in Guangxi.It is found there are problems existing in festival sports activities in Gongcheng yao autonomous county of Guangxi, such as the participants being imbal-ance, local sports organization being not sound, lacking of funding and so on.

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以广西都安县布努瑶为对象,在前人研究的基础上,运用民俗学等多学科理论对瑶族织绣图案进行描述和分析,探讨了古老瑶族的民间信仰在服饰上的各种体现,对以瑶族服饰为代表的瑶族文化的传承和发扬具有现实意义,同时具有重要学术价值。
Taking Bunuyao nationality as the object,on the basis of previous studies and by employing multidisciplinary theories,this paper has described and analyzed the dress of Yao nationality with distinctive cultural features,exploring the old Yao folk beliefs reflected in costumes of Yao nationality,which is of great academic value and has practical significance to the Yao’s cultural heritage and develop-ment.

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正广西是中国瑶族人口的集中分布地,占全国瑶族人口的60%。但广西并不是瑶族的起源地,今天的分布格局是唐宋以来不断迁徙形成的。广西瑶族的祖先可以追溯到秦汉时期的长沙武陵蛮,又称黔中蛮或五溪蛮。随后不断南迁,南朝时到达今湘南粤北地区。隋唐时期,广西东北部已分布着较多莫瑶(1)。宋代瑶族在广西的分布更为广泛,宋人范成大记载了桂北瑶族的分布情况,他说:"瑶本五溪瓠之后,其壤接广右者,静
The Yao nationality distributed extensively among the mountainous region through migrating frequently since the Song Dynasty,and they transformed mobile cultivation into fixed cultivation gradually.They made a living through planting coarse food crops such as Chinese yam,taro,millet,beans,and economic crops such as cotton and ramie,which remade the primordial ecological environment of mountainous region preliminarily.Along with the introduce of maize and artificial planting of China fir,tung oil tree,tea-oil tree,new ecological system substituted primordial ecological system gradually,the ecological landscape of mountainous region was rebuilt in Guangxi.Because of the effect of spontaneous ecological idea,the Yao nationality combined their own existence with ecological protection in course of exploiting mountainous region in Guangxi.

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目的调查广西白裤瑶族群体中DYS287基因位点的遗传多态性分布。方法采用聚合酶链反应结合琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测方法对132例白裤瑶族、149例壮族、172例汉族样本DYS287位点多态性进行检测分析。结果 132例白裤瑶族、149例壮族和172例汉族男性个体检测结果均为YAP-,未检出YAP+扩增产物。结论获得广西白裤瑶族DYS287基因座的遗传学多态性数据,为不同地域不同瑶族群体遗传关系的分析、法医鉴定及不同地域瑶族群体之间的起源关系差异提供了一定的遗传背景资料。
Objective To survey the polymorphism of DYS287 locus in male Yao nationality in Guangxi. Methods The polymorphism of DYS287 locus in 172 Hans,149 Zhuangs and 135 Yaoes were analyzed by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results The test results of 132 males of Bai Ku Yao,149 males of Zhuang and 172 males of Han males showed that they were negative YAP - ,no positive amplication product of YAP. Conclusion The genetic data of DYS287 locus of male Yao nationality had been obtained,and it is beneficial for analysis of genetic re-lationship between different groups in different geographical origin of Yao nationality,and it provides the genetic background and relationship be-tween forensic identification and different regional Yao groups.

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贵州瑶族历史悠久,文献资料丰富,研究成果颇夥,长期以来,以上诸成果皆没有得到系统梳理、总结、分析,以致给贵州瑶学、民族史学研究留下了诸多遗憾。通过对建国前后贵州瑶族历史文献及国外有涉贵州瑶族研究成果进行整理分析,以服务中国西南民族史学、民族关系史、民族文化史研究。
Yao People in Guizhou has a long history, which leaves behind many literature and study fruits.However, these literatue haven’ t been studied systematical y.This study analyzes historical ,national and worldwide literature of Yao People in Guizhou,which gives service to the hi-tory study on nationality,nation relation ,nation culture of southeast China.

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本研究从瑶族药浴的形成、分类、作用、注意事项及防治风湿病方面进行系统阐述,指出运用瑶族药浴防治风湿病是瑶医治未病思想的具体体现。
The formation, classification, function, notes of Yao nationality medicated bath and preventive treatment of rheumatism are illustrated systematically, preventing and treating rheumatism by Yao nationality medi-cated bath are the embodiment of the thinking of preventive treatment of disease in Yao medicine.

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目的研究广西地区壮族、瑶族人群人类血小板抗原（H PA ）1～17bw基因的表达差异。方法采用序列特异引物-聚合酶链反应（PCR-SSP）方法对广西地区100例壮族和100例瑶族健康个体进行 HPA 1～17bw系统基因分型，比较壮族和瑶族的 HPA基因频率。结果等位基因a是广西地区壮族、瑶族健康个体主要的 HPA1～17bw基因型别。在H-W平衡检验中，瑶族健康人群 HPA1～17bw基因多态性中除 HPA1、2、6外，其他均符合H-W群体遗传平衡法则（P＞0．05）；壮族健康个体中，所有 HPA各系统符合 H-W群体遗传平衡法则（P＞0．05）。瑶族和壮族 HPA系统抗原不配合率分析中，HPA3和 HPA15不配合率最高，皆超过30％。比较两个民族的基因频率，发现瑶族的 H PA-3和H PA-15的基因多态性明显低于壮族（χ2＝12．242，P＝0．002；χ2＝6．209，P＝0．045）。结论广西地区壮族和瑶族 HPA基因多态性分布存在明显的种族差异，特别是 HPA-3和 HPA-15系统杂合度最高，抗原分布不配合比例相对高，在临床配合性血小板输注中必须加以重视。
Objective To analyze the expression difference of human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-17bw gene be-tween Yao and Zhuang nationality in Guangxi .Methods Genotyping of HPA 1 -17bw system of 100 cases of Yao nationality and 100 cases of Zhuang nationality were conducted by using PCR-SSP ,and genotype and gene frequency were calculated .Results The alleles a was the common genotype of HPA 1-17bw gene in Zhuang and Yao national-ity of Guangxi .H-W population genetic equilibrium test indicated that ,in Yao nationality ,most gene polymorphisms of HPA 1-17bw gene ,excepting HPA1 ,2 and 6 gene polymorphisms ,were conformable to H-W population genetic e-quilibrium law (P>0 .05) ,and in Zhuang nationality ,all HPA system were conformable to H-W rule(P>0 .05) .A-mong all HPA system ,the mismatch rates of HPA3 and HPA15 were the highest ,more than 30% ,between Yao and Zhuang nationality .Comparison of gene frequencies between the two groups indicated that the gene polymorphisms of HPA3 and HPA15 in Yao

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目的调查乳源瑶族自治县瑶族妇女乳腺癌的危险因素。方法以2012年3月至2014年3月我院收集的1 504例乳源瑶族妇女作为研究对象,并以20~39岁,≥40岁作为年龄段分组,对两组研究对象采取问卷调查、乳腺临床检查、乳腺B超BI-RADS分级、乳腺钼靶BI-RADS分级等筛查方法。结果 20~39岁瑶族妇女乳腺B超筛查人数:742人;乳腺B超BIRADS分级:B0级3人,B1级648人,B2级63人,B3级28人,B4级0人,B5级0人,B6级0人;≥40岁瑶族妇女乳腺B超筛查人数:762人;乳腺B超BI-RADS分级:B0级0人,B1级637人,B2级102人,B3级15人,B4级8人,B5级0人,B6级0人。结论我县瑶族妇女基本上没有明显的乳腺癌高危因素,且通过乳腺临床检查、乳腺超声、乳腺钼靶进行乳腺癌普查可以提高乳腺癌的诊断率,降低假阴性率,对乳腺癌的筛查具有重要的指导意义。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of breast cancer of women of Yao in Ruyuan Yao autonomous county. Methods 1 504 Yao women were selected and divided into 20 to 39 years old group and≥40 years old group. Questionnaires and screening methods including clinical breast examination, BI-RADS classification of breast ultrasound and mammography were taken in both groups. Results The results of BI-RADS classification of B ultrasound screening of 742 cases of 20~39 years old group showed 3 cases of B0, 648 cases of B1, 63 cases of B2, 28 cases of B3. The results of BI-RADS classification of B ultrasound screening of 762 cases of≥40 years old group showed 637 cases of B1, 102 cases of B2, 15 cases of B3 and 8 cases of B4. Conclusions Yao women in our county have no obvious risk factors of breast cancer. Clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, mammography breast cancer screening can improve the diagnosis rate of breast cancer and reduce the false-negative rate, which h

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《密洛陀》是瑶族的创世史诗，反映了瑶族先民认识世界和改造世界的艰苦历程，蕴涵着如下自然观：世界的本原是水的自然本体论、人与自然互生互惠的自然价值观和群体劳动创造自然的实践原则，这对人们反思当下人与自然关系问题具有重要的借鉴意义。
Miluotuo, the genesis epic of Yao nationality, reflects the arduous journey of the Yao ancients’ knowing and transforming of the world. It includes the following natural views:the origins of the world are the natural ontology of water, natural value is mutul y beneficial between human and nature, and the practical principle of community’s work is to creating nature. It is a great significance for us to rethink the present prob-lems of the relationship between human and nature.

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