试验证明X50烘烤排气台的抽真空性能明显优于 X35烘烤排气台的抽真空性能。在装载集热管加热烘烤结束时， X35排气台和 X50排气台的高阀处的真空度接近相等，为2×10-3 Pa；在真空管道端部处的真空度，X50排气台的真空度为5×10-3 Pa，X35排气台的真空度为1.7×10-2 Pa，明显差于高阀处。根据流导计算和试验结果分析，设计的真空太阳能集热管烘烤排气台的高真空系统，提高了装集热管真空管道边缘处的真空度，缩短了装集热管真空管道边缘处的空恢时间，提高了装集热管真空管道边缘处的极限真空度，并能应急处理抽气时集热管炸裂的情况，最终提高真空太阳能集热管的使用寿命。

Experiments proved that the vacuum performance of the X50 exhaust station is better than the X35 exhaust station. In the end of baking for the collector tubes, the vacuum degree at the high valve was 2×10-3 Pa of the X35 exhaust unit nearly equal to the X50 exhaust unit; while the vacuum degree in the end of the tubes were 5×10-3 Pa of the X50 exhaust station and 1.7×10-2 Pa of the X35 exhaust station, which were inferior to the vacuum degree at the high valve. The high vacuum system for the baking exhaust station of the evacuated solar collector tube was designed on the basis of the conductance calculation and the test results , this system increased the vacuum degree at the edges , reduced the air recovery time , increased the ultimate vacuum degree, and could deal with the emergency about the tubes burst when exhausting air. Thereby the lifespan was extended.

目前国内工业供水设计中，对于自压输水工程处理供水压力不够的情况，通常的做法是建设加压泵站，并在泵站前建设进水池，该方法在泵站运行中偏于安全，但运行管理成本较大。结合吕梁横泉水库工业供水泵站设计要求，优化设计研究中提出了直接在管道上串接水泵，进行加压，无需建设进水池和增加调流调压阀。泵站运行中，小流量供水时采用自流，超过流量后加压，机组采用变频调节，逐步提高流速，这样不仅减少投资，而且运行管理较为方便，能够完全利用上游自流压力的剩余水头。针对泵前管道会出现真空导致爆管的问题，通过在管道沿线设置进排气阀来解决。经过已建成的38 km管线的现场测试结果表明，该设计方案能够达到系统设计的运行要求。

In the design of the current domestic industrial water supply,the most commonly used way to deal with water pressure shortage is to build pump station together with suction sump water supply. Though,such method tends to be safe,the costs of operation and management are greater. This study combined with the requirements of Hengquan Reservoir water supply pumping station and on the basis of successful optimization design research,put forward a method which was adding pump to water pipe directly without suction sump and regulating valve. In order to reduce investment,make management convenient and make full use of residual velocity head,small flow was transported by gravi-ty,only over flow was pumped up by the pump station,and pumps adopting variable frequency regulation and increasing the water velocity gradually. Air release valves were set along the pipes to avoid vacuum condition,which would lead to pipe explosion. According to the field test of the completed 38km pipeline r

针对微小尺寸或局部带有微小结构的制件模塑成型时熔体充模流动困难而影响制件质量的问题,以典型的带有微圆柱阵列结构的薄板型制件为对象,提出将抽真空排气和超声振动技术集成应用到自行设计制造的微注塑模具中,并采用单因素成型实验方法,研究了高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和聚丙烯（PP）两种聚合物材料在施加与不加超声外场以及不同工艺参数和超声功率变化条件下填充薄板型制件上微圆柱圆角曲率半径的变化规律。结果表明,不加超声外场时提高熔体和模具温度及增大注射速率可使两种材料填充的微圆柱圆角曲率半径逐渐减小,施加超声外场时填充的微圆柱圆角曲率半径可进一步减小,从而有效提高了制件的填充质量;同时发现,无论有无超声作用,HDPE材料填充的微圆柱圆角曲率半径均明显小于PP材料。

The quality problem of plastics part caused by difficulty in melt filling mold flow in molding parts with micro size or with local tiny structure was investigated. Sheet parts with micro cylindrical array structure were taken as the research object. For two kinds of polymer materials, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP), the micro injection mold which integrated the technologies of vacuum exhaust and ultrasonic vibration was used to study the change of micro cylindrical fillet curvature radius with and without ultrasonic field and under the condition of varying process parameters and ultrasonic power. Without ultrasonic field, raising temperatures of melt and mold and increasing injection rate could decrease the fillet radius of curvature for the micro-column of the two polymer materials. While the fillet radius of curvature for the micro-column could further decrease with ultrasonic field, thereby improving the filling quality of parts. Meanwhile, no matt